Can changes in malaria transmission intensity explain prolonged protection and contribute to high protective efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants?
Abstract Background Intermittent preventive (or presumptive) treatment of infants (IPTi), the administration of a curative anti-malarial dose to infants whether or not they are known to be infected, is being considered as a new strategy for malaria control. Five of the six trials using sulphadoxine-...
Published in: | Malaria Journal |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2008
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-7-54 https://doaj.org/article/cea9c45295ef424ba33a513e16e72e6e |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cea9c45295ef424ba33a513e16e72e6e |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cea9c45295ef424ba33a513e16e72e6e 2023-05-15T15:13:36+02:00 Can changes in malaria transmission intensity explain prolonged protection and contribute to high protective efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants? Greenwood Brian M von Seidlein Lorenz Deen Jaqueline L Ghani Azra C Gosling Roly D Chandramohan Daniel 2008-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-7-54 https://doaj.org/article/cea9c45295ef424ba33a513e16e72e6e EN eng BMC http://www.malariajournal.com/content/7/1/54 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-7-54 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/cea9c45295ef424ba33a513e16e72e6e Malaria Journal, Vol 7, Iss 1, p 54 (2008) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2008 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-7-54 2022-12-31T00:50:48Z Abstract Background Intermittent preventive (or presumptive) treatment of infants (IPTi), the administration of a curative anti-malarial dose to infants whether or not they are known to be infected, is being considered as a new strategy for malaria control. Five of the six trials using sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for IPTi showed protective efficacies (PEs) against clinical malaria ranging from 20.1 – 33.3% whilst one, the Ifakara study, showed a protective efficacy of 58.6%. Materials and methods The possible mechanisms that could explain the differences in the reported PE of IPTi were examined by comparing output from a mathematical model to data from the six published IPTi trials. Results Under stable transmission, the PE of IPTi predicted by the model was comparable with the observed PEs in all but the Ifakara study (ratio of the mean predicted PE to that observed was 1.02, range 0.39 – 1.59). When a reduction in the incidence of infection during the study was included in the model, the predicted PE of IPTi increased and extended into the second year of life, as observed in the Ifakara study. Conclusion A decrease in malaria transmission during the study period may explain part of the difference in observed PEs of IPTi between sites and the extended period of protection into the second year of life observed in the Ifakara study. This finding of continued benefit of interventions in settings of decreasing transmission may explain why rebound of clinical malaria was absent in the large scale trials of insecticide-treated bed nets. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 7 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Greenwood Brian M von Seidlein Lorenz Deen Jaqueline L Ghani Azra C Gosling Roly D Chandramohan Daniel Can changes in malaria transmission intensity explain prolonged protection and contribute to high protective efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants? |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Intermittent preventive (or presumptive) treatment of infants (IPTi), the administration of a curative anti-malarial dose to infants whether or not they are known to be infected, is being considered as a new strategy for malaria control. Five of the six trials using sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for IPTi showed protective efficacies (PEs) against clinical malaria ranging from 20.1 – 33.3% whilst one, the Ifakara study, showed a protective efficacy of 58.6%. Materials and methods The possible mechanisms that could explain the differences in the reported PE of IPTi were examined by comparing output from a mathematical model to data from the six published IPTi trials. Results Under stable transmission, the PE of IPTi predicted by the model was comparable with the observed PEs in all but the Ifakara study (ratio of the mean predicted PE to that observed was 1.02, range 0.39 – 1.59). When a reduction in the incidence of infection during the study was included in the model, the predicted PE of IPTi increased and extended into the second year of life, as observed in the Ifakara study. Conclusion A decrease in malaria transmission during the study period may explain part of the difference in observed PEs of IPTi between sites and the extended period of protection into the second year of life observed in the Ifakara study. This finding of continued benefit of interventions in settings of decreasing transmission may explain why rebound of clinical malaria was absent in the large scale trials of insecticide-treated bed nets. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Greenwood Brian M von Seidlein Lorenz Deen Jaqueline L Ghani Azra C Gosling Roly D Chandramohan Daniel |
author_facet |
Greenwood Brian M von Seidlein Lorenz Deen Jaqueline L Ghani Azra C Gosling Roly D Chandramohan Daniel |
author_sort |
Greenwood Brian M |
title |
Can changes in malaria transmission intensity explain prolonged protection and contribute to high protective efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants? |
title_short |
Can changes in malaria transmission intensity explain prolonged protection and contribute to high protective efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants? |
title_full |
Can changes in malaria transmission intensity explain prolonged protection and contribute to high protective efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants? |
title_fullStr |
Can changes in malaria transmission intensity explain prolonged protection and contribute to high protective efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Can changes in malaria transmission intensity explain prolonged protection and contribute to high protective efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants? |
title_sort |
can changes in malaria transmission intensity explain prolonged protection and contribute to high protective efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants? |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-7-54 https://doaj.org/article/cea9c45295ef424ba33a513e16e72e6e |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 7, Iss 1, p 54 (2008) |
op_relation |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/7/1/54 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-7-54 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/cea9c45295ef424ba33a513e16e72e6e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-7-54 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766344140448071680 |