Eight-Year Survival and Growth of Sakhalin Fir ( Abies sachalinensis ) Seedlings with One Weeding Operation: Impact of Mechanical Site Preparation, Vegetation Release, Summer Planting, Stock Type, and Forwarder Trail
In Hokkaido, northern Japan, bareroot Sakhalin fir seedlings are conventionally planted in spring and fall, following strip site preparation that alternates managed and unmanaged strips. However, this method requires seven years of weeding due to encroachment of evergreen dwarf bamboo. Given diminis...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cdcc4975ef31445ca510f9464c657708 2024-09-15T18:32:46+00:00 Eight-Year Survival and Growth of Sakhalin Fir ( Abies sachalinensis ) Seedlings with One Weeding Operation: Impact of Mechanical Site Preparation, Vegetation Release, Summer Planting, Stock Type, and Forwarder Trail Hisanori Harayama Ikutaro Tsuyama Takeshi Yamada Mitsutoshi Kitao Naoyuki Furuya Kenichi Yazaki Tetsuto Sugai Akira Uemura Shozo Sasaki Hajime Utsugi 2024-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/f15061012 https://doaj.org/article/cdcc4975ef31445ca510f9464c657708 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/15/6/1012 https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907 doi:10.3390/f15061012 1999-4907 https://doaj.org/article/cdcc4975ef31445ca510f9464c657708 Forests, Vol 15, Iss 6, p 1012 (2024) bareroot seedlings container seedlings height growth root collar diameter growth soil compaction weeding Plant ecology QK900-989 article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/f15061012 2024-08-05T17:49:06Z In Hokkaido, northern Japan, bareroot Sakhalin fir seedlings are conventionally planted in spring and fall, following strip site preparation that alternates managed and unmanaged strips. However, this method requires seven years of weeding due to encroachment of evergreen dwarf bamboo. Given diminishing forest labor availability, a shortage of workers for planting and weeding operations has become a problem in reforestation following clearcutting. We examined whether comprehensive mechanical site preparation (MSP) could reduce weeding frequency by preventing regrowth of dwarf bamboo and whether container seedlings could extend the planting season into summer. Over eight years, the survival and growth of summer-planted bareroot and container seedlings were examined on a fully MSP-treated site with only one weeding operation in the fifth year. Full-site MSP resulted in a shift of the vegetation from dwarf bamboo to deciduous plants, leading to high survival and growth rates of Sakhalin fir seedlings despite minimal weeding. Container seedlings exhibited superior establishment and maintained higher survival rates over eight years than bareroot seedlings. However, planting on the forwarder trail decreased seedling growth, and ultimately decreased survival under rare summer drought. Our findings indicate that container seedling summer planting and full-site MSP may represent an alternative approach to reforestation of Sakhalin fir, potentially reducing the need for weeding and extending the planting season. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sakhalin Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Forests 15 6 1012 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
bareroot seedlings container seedlings height growth root collar diameter growth soil compaction weeding Plant ecology QK900-989 |
spellingShingle |
bareroot seedlings container seedlings height growth root collar diameter growth soil compaction weeding Plant ecology QK900-989 Hisanori Harayama Ikutaro Tsuyama Takeshi Yamada Mitsutoshi Kitao Naoyuki Furuya Kenichi Yazaki Tetsuto Sugai Akira Uemura Shozo Sasaki Hajime Utsugi Eight-Year Survival and Growth of Sakhalin Fir ( Abies sachalinensis ) Seedlings with One Weeding Operation: Impact of Mechanical Site Preparation, Vegetation Release, Summer Planting, Stock Type, and Forwarder Trail |
topic_facet |
bareroot seedlings container seedlings height growth root collar diameter growth soil compaction weeding Plant ecology QK900-989 |
description |
In Hokkaido, northern Japan, bareroot Sakhalin fir seedlings are conventionally planted in spring and fall, following strip site preparation that alternates managed and unmanaged strips. However, this method requires seven years of weeding due to encroachment of evergreen dwarf bamboo. Given diminishing forest labor availability, a shortage of workers for planting and weeding operations has become a problem in reforestation following clearcutting. We examined whether comprehensive mechanical site preparation (MSP) could reduce weeding frequency by preventing regrowth of dwarf bamboo and whether container seedlings could extend the planting season into summer. Over eight years, the survival and growth of summer-planted bareroot and container seedlings were examined on a fully MSP-treated site with only one weeding operation in the fifth year. Full-site MSP resulted in a shift of the vegetation from dwarf bamboo to deciduous plants, leading to high survival and growth rates of Sakhalin fir seedlings despite minimal weeding. Container seedlings exhibited superior establishment and maintained higher survival rates over eight years than bareroot seedlings. However, planting on the forwarder trail decreased seedling growth, and ultimately decreased survival under rare summer drought. Our findings indicate that container seedling summer planting and full-site MSP may represent an alternative approach to reforestation of Sakhalin fir, potentially reducing the need for weeding and extending the planting season. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hisanori Harayama Ikutaro Tsuyama Takeshi Yamada Mitsutoshi Kitao Naoyuki Furuya Kenichi Yazaki Tetsuto Sugai Akira Uemura Shozo Sasaki Hajime Utsugi |
author_facet |
Hisanori Harayama Ikutaro Tsuyama Takeshi Yamada Mitsutoshi Kitao Naoyuki Furuya Kenichi Yazaki Tetsuto Sugai Akira Uemura Shozo Sasaki Hajime Utsugi |
author_sort |
Hisanori Harayama |
title |
Eight-Year Survival and Growth of Sakhalin Fir ( Abies sachalinensis ) Seedlings with One Weeding Operation: Impact of Mechanical Site Preparation, Vegetation Release, Summer Planting, Stock Type, and Forwarder Trail |
title_short |
Eight-Year Survival and Growth of Sakhalin Fir ( Abies sachalinensis ) Seedlings with One Weeding Operation: Impact of Mechanical Site Preparation, Vegetation Release, Summer Planting, Stock Type, and Forwarder Trail |
title_full |
Eight-Year Survival and Growth of Sakhalin Fir ( Abies sachalinensis ) Seedlings with One Weeding Operation: Impact of Mechanical Site Preparation, Vegetation Release, Summer Planting, Stock Type, and Forwarder Trail |
title_fullStr |
Eight-Year Survival and Growth of Sakhalin Fir ( Abies sachalinensis ) Seedlings with One Weeding Operation: Impact of Mechanical Site Preparation, Vegetation Release, Summer Planting, Stock Type, and Forwarder Trail |
title_full_unstemmed |
Eight-Year Survival and Growth of Sakhalin Fir ( Abies sachalinensis ) Seedlings with One Weeding Operation: Impact of Mechanical Site Preparation, Vegetation Release, Summer Planting, Stock Type, and Forwarder Trail |
title_sort |
eight-year survival and growth of sakhalin fir ( abies sachalinensis ) seedlings with one weeding operation: impact of mechanical site preparation, vegetation release, summer planting, stock type, and forwarder trail |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/f15061012 https://doaj.org/article/cdcc4975ef31445ca510f9464c657708 |
genre |
Sakhalin |
genre_facet |
Sakhalin |
op_source |
Forests, Vol 15, Iss 6, p 1012 (2024) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/15/6/1012 https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907 doi:10.3390/f15061012 1999-4907 https://doaj.org/article/cdcc4975ef31445ca510f9464c657708 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/f15061012 |
container_title |
Forests |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1012 |
_version_ |
1810474494806982656 |