Interactions between the ice algae Fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastics in sea ice
High concentrations of microplastics have been found in sea ice but the mechanisms by which they get captured into the ice and which role ice algae might play in this process remain unknown. Similarly, we do not know how the presence of microplastics might impact the colonization of sea ice by ice a...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cdb6aaabac3642b391615bbf2a7dd3a3 2023-05-15T16:36:32+02:00 Interactions between the ice algae Fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastics in sea ice Linn Hoffmann Sarah Lena Eggers Erika Allhusen Christian Katlein Ilka Peeken 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105697 https://doaj.org/article/cdb6aaabac3642b391615bbf2a7dd3a3 EN eng Elsevier http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019339789 https://doaj.org/toc/0160-4120 0160-4120 doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105697 https://doaj.org/article/cdb6aaabac3642b391615bbf2a7dd3a3 Environment International, Vol 139, Iss , Pp - (2020) Microplastics Ice algae Polar environments Sea ice Fragillariopsis cylindrus Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105697 2022-12-31T11:57:26Z High concentrations of microplastics have been found in sea ice but the mechanisms by which they get captured into the ice and which role ice algae might play in this process remain unknown. Similarly, we do not know how the presence of microplastics might impact the colonization of sea ice by ice algae. To estimate the ecological impact of microplastics for Polar ecosystems, it is essential to understand their behaviour during ice formation and possible interactions with organisms inhabiting sea ice.In this study we tested the interaction between the ice algae Fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastic beads with and without sea ice present and, in a third experiment, during the process of ice formation. With sea ice present, we found significantly less algae cells in the ice when incubated together with microplastics compared to the incubation without microplastics. However, during ice formation, the presence of microplastics did not impact the colonisation of the ice by F. cylindrus cells. Further, we observed a strong correlation between salinity and the relative amount of beads in the water and ice. With increasing salinity of the water, the relative amount of beads in the water decreased significantly. At the same time, the relative amount of beads in the ice increased significantly with increasing ice salinity. Both processes were not influenced by the presence of F. cylindrus. Also, we found indications that the presence of algae can affect the amount of microplastic beads sticking to the container walls. This could indicate that EPS produced by ice algae plays a significant role in surface binding properties of microplastics.Overall, our results highlight that the interactions between algae and microplastics have an influence on the uptake of microplastics into sea ice with possible implications for the sea ice food web. Article in Journal/Newspaper ice algae Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Environment International 139 105697 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Microplastics Ice algae Polar environments Sea ice Fragillariopsis cylindrus Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Microplastics Ice algae Polar environments Sea ice Fragillariopsis cylindrus Environmental sciences GE1-350 Linn Hoffmann Sarah Lena Eggers Erika Allhusen Christian Katlein Ilka Peeken Interactions between the ice algae Fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastics in sea ice |
topic_facet |
Microplastics Ice algae Polar environments Sea ice Fragillariopsis cylindrus Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
High concentrations of microplastics have been found in sea ice but the mechanisms by which they get captured into the ice and which role ice algae might play in this process remain unknown. Similarly, we do not know how the presence of microplastics might impact the colonization of sea ice by ice algae. To estimate the ecological impact of microplastics for Polar ecosystems, it is essential to understand their behaviour during ice formation and possible interactions with organisms inhabiting sea ice.In this study we tested the interaction between the ice algae Fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastic beads with and without sea ice present and, in a third experiment, during the process of ice formation. With sea ice present, we found significantly less algae cells in the ice when incubated together with microplastics compared to the incubation without microplastics. However, during ice formation, the presence of microplastics did not impact the colonisation of the ice by F. cylindrus cells. Further, we observed a strong correlation between salinity and the relative amount of beads in the water and ice. With increasing salinity of the water, the relative amount of beads in the water decreased significantly. At the same time, the relative amount of beads in the ice increased significantly with increasing ice salinity. Both processes were not influenced by the presence of F. cylindrus. Also, we found indications that the presence of algae can affect the amount of microplastic beads sticking to the container walls. This could indicate that EPS produced by ice algae plays a significant role in surface binding properties of microplastics.Overall, our results highlight that the interactions between algae and microplastics have an influence on the uptake of microplastics into sea ice with possible implications for the sea ice food web. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Linn Hoffmann Sarah Lena Eggers Erika Allhusen Christian Katlein Ilka Peeken |
author_facet |
Linn Hoffmann Sarah Lena Eggers Erika Allhusen Christian Katlein Ilka Peeken |
author_sort |
Linn Hoffmann |
title |
Interactions between the ice algae Fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastics in sea ice |
title_short |
Interactions between the ice algae Fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastics in sea ice |
title_full |
Interactions between the ice algae Fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastics in sea ice |
title_fullStr |
Interactions between the ice algae Fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastics in sea ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interactions between the ice algae Fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastics in sea ice |
title_sort |
interactions between the ice algae fragillariopsis cylindrus and microplastics in sea ice |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105697 https://doaj.org/article/cdb6aaabac3642b391615bbf2a7dd3a3 |
genre |
ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
ice algae Sea ice |
op_source |
Environment International, Vol 139, Iss , Pp - (2020) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019339789 https://doaj.org/toc/0160-4120 0160-4120 doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105697 https://doaj.org/article/cdb6aaabac3642b391615bbf2a7dd3a3 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105697 |
container_title |
Environment International |
container_volume |
139 |
container_start_page |
105697 |
_version_ |
1766026878614765568 |