Pre-control relationship of onchocercal skin disease with onchocercal infection in Guinea Savanna, Northern Nigeria.
BACKGROUND:Onchocerca volvulus infection can result in blindness, itching and skin lesions. Previous research concentrated on blindness. METHODS:A clinical classification system of the cutaneous changes in onchocerciasis was used for the first time in this study within the context of an early iverme...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cd7c397e8c834d068c3c799c657caf62 2023-05-15T15:15:58+02:00 Pre-control relationship of onchocercal skin disease with onchocercal infection in Guinea Savanna, Northern Nigeria. Michele E Murdoch Ian E Murdoch Jennifer Evans Haliru Yahaya Ngozi Njepuome Simon Cousens Barrie R Jones Adenike Abiose 2017-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005489 https://doaj.org/article/cd7c397e8c834d068c3c799c657caf62 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5386293?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005489 https://doaj.org/article/cd7c397e8c834d068c3c799c657caf62 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 3, p e0005489 (2017) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005489 2022-12-31T06:05:38Z BACKGROUND:Onchocerca volvulus infection can result in blindness, itching and skin lesions. Previous research concentrated on blindness. METHODS:A clinical classification system of the cutaneous changes in onchocerciasis was used for the first time in this study within the context of an early ivermectin drug trial in the savanna region of Kaduna State, northern Nigeria. Skin examinations were performed in 6,790 individuals aged 5+ years in endemic communities and 1,343 individuals in nonendemic communities. RESULTS / DISCUSSION:There was increased risk for all forms of onchocercal skin disease in endemic communities with the most common finding being the presence of nodules (1,438 individuals, 21.2%), followed by atrophy (367, 6.1% of those < 50 years), acute papular onchodermatitis, APOD (233, 3.4%), depigmentation (216, 3.2%) and chronic papular onchodermatitis, CPOD (155, 2.3%). A further 645 individuals (9.5%) complained of pruritus but had completely normal skin. APOD was more common in males whereas atrophy, hanging groin and nodules were more common in females. After controlling for age and sex, microfilarial positivity was a risk factor for CPOD, depigmentation, hanging groin and nodules (OR 1.54, p = 0.046; OR 2.29, p = 0.002; OR 2.18, p = 0.002 and OR 3.80, p <0.001 respectively). Comparable results were found using presence of nodules as the marker for infection. Microfilarial load showed similar, though weaker, results. A total of 2621(38.6%) endemic residents had itching with normal skin, or had one or more types of onchocercal skin disease including nodules, which may be considered as a composite index of the overall prevalence of onchocercal skin disease. CONCLUSION:Significant levels of onchocercal skin disease were documented in this savanna area, which subsequently resulted in a reassessment of the true burden of skin disease in onchocerciasis. This paper represents the first detailed report of the association of onchocercal skin disease with markers for onchocercal infection. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11 3 e0005489 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Michele E Murdoch Ian E Murdoch Jennifer Evans Haliru Yahaya Ngozi Njepuome Simon Cousens Barrie R Jones Adenike Abiose Pre-control relationship of onchocercal skin disease with onchocercal infection in Guinea Savanna, Northern Nigeria. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:Onchocerca volvulus infection can result in blindness, itching and skin lesions. Previous research concentrated on blindness. METHODS:A clinical classification system of the cutaneous changes in onchocerciasis was used for the first time in this study within the context of an early ivermectin drug trial in the savanna region of Kaduna State, northern Nigeria. Skin examinations were performed in 6,790 individuals aged 5+ years in endemic communities and 1,343 individuals in nonendemic communities. RESULTS / DISCUSSION:There was increased risk for all forms of onchocercal skin disease in endemic communities with the most common finding being the presence of nodules (1,438 individuals, 21.2%), followed by atrophy (367, 6.1% of those < 50 years), acute papular onchodermatitis, APOD (233, 3.4%), depigmentation (216, 3.2%) and chronic papular onchodermatitis, CPOD (155, 2.3%). A further 645 individuals (9.5%) complained of pruritus but had completely normal skin. APOD was more common in males whereas atrophy, hanging groin and nodules were more common in females. After controlling for age and sex, microfilarial positivity was a risk factor for CPOD, depigmentation, hanging groin and nodules (OR 1.54, p = 0.046; OR 2.29, p = 0.002; OR 2.18, p = 0.002 and OR 3.80, p <0.001 respectively). Comparable results were found using presence of nodules as the marker for infection. Microfilarial load showed similar, though weaker, results. A total of 2621(38.6%) endemic residents had itching with normal skin, or had one or more types of onchocercal skin disease including nodules, which may be considered as a composite index of the overall prevalence of onchocercal skin disease. CONCLUSION:Significant levels of onchocercal skin disease were documented in this savanna area, which subsequently resulted in a reassessment of the true burden of skin disease in onchocerciasis. This paper represents the first detailed report of the association of onchocercal skin disease with markers for onchocercal infection. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Michele E Murdoch Ian E Murdoch Jennifer Evans Haliru Yahaya Ngozi Njepuome Simon Cousens Barrie R Jones Adenike Abiose |
author_facet |
Michele E Murdoch Ian E Murdoch Jennifer Evans Haliru Yahaya Ngozi Njepuome Simon Cousens Barrie R Jones Adenike Abiose |
author_sort |
Michele E Murdoch |
title |
Pre-control relationship of onchocercal skin disease with onchocercal infection in Guinea Savanna, Northern Nigeria. |
title_short |
Pre-control relationship of onchocercal skin disease with onchocercal infection in Guinea Savanna, Northern Nigeria. |
title_full |
Pre-control relationship of onchocercal skin disease with onchocercal infection in Guinea Savanna, Northern Nigeria. |
title_fullStr |
Pre-control relationship of onchocercal skin disease with onchocercal infection in Guinea Savanna, Northern Nigeria. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pre-control relationship of onchocercal skin disease with onchocercal infection in Guinea Savanna, Northern Nigeria. |
title_sort |
pre-control relationship of onchocercal skin disease with onchocercal infection in guinea savanna, northern nigeria. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005489 https://doaj.org/article/cd7c397e8c834d068c3c799c657caf62 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 3, p e0005489 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5386293?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005489 https://doaj.org/article/cd7c397e8c834d068c3c799c657caf62 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005489 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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11 |
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3 |
container_start_page |
e0005489 |
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