Validation and Application of Satellite-Derived Sea Surface Temperature Gradients in the Bering Strait and Bering Sea
The Arctic is one of the most important regions in the world’s oceans for understanding the impacts of a changing climate. Yet, it is also difficult to measure because of extreme weather and ice conditions. In this work, we directly compare four datasets from the Group for High-Resolution Sea Surfac...
Published in: | Remote Sensing |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2024
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142530 https://doaj.org/article/cd04161e4cfb46e3863149837995e515 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cd04161e4cfb46e3863149837995e515 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cd04161e4cfb46e3863149837995e515 2024-09-15T17:59:34+00:00 Validation and Application of Satellite-Derived Sea Surface Temperature Gradients in the Bering Strait and Bering Sea Jorge Vazquez-Cuervo Michael Steele David S. Wethey José Gómez-Valdés Marisol García-Reyes Rachel Spratt Yang Wang 2024-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142530 https://doaj.org/article/cd04161e4cfb46e3863149837995e515 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/14/2530 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs16142530 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/cd04161e4cfb46e3863149837995e515 Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 14, p 2530 (2024) Arctic SST gradients sea ice Science Q article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142530 2024-08-05T17:48:50Z The Arctic is one of the most important regions in the world’s oceans for understanding the impacts of a changing climate. Yet, it is also difficult to measure because of extreme weather and ice conditions. In this work, we directly compare four datasets from the Group for High-Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) with a NASA Saildrone deployment along the Alaskan Coast and the Bering Sea and Bering Strait. The four datasets used are the Remote Sensing Systems Microwave Infrared Optimally Interpolated (MWIR) product, the Canadian Meteorological Center (CMC) product, the Daily Optimally Interpolated Product (DOISST), and the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Ice Analysis (OSTIA) product. Spatial sea surface temperature (SST) gradients were derived for both the Saildrone deployment and GHRSST products, with the GHRSST products collocated with the Saildrone deployment. Overall, statistics indicate that the OSTIA product had a correlation of 0.79 and a root mean square difference of 0.11 °C/km when compared with Saildrone. CMC had the highest correlation of 0.81. Scatter plots indicate that OSTIA had the slope closest to one, thus best reproducing the magnitudes of the Saildrone gradients. Differences increased at latitudes > 65°N where sea ice would have a greater impact. A trend analysis was then performed on the gradient fields. Overall, positive trends in gradients occurred in areas along the coastal regions. A negative trend occurred at approximately 60°N. A major finding of this study is that future work needs to revolve around the impact of changing ice conditions on SST gradients. Another major finding is that a northward shift in the southern ice edge occurred after 2010 with a maxima at approximately 2019. This indicates that the shift of the southern ice edge is not gradual but has dramatically increased over the last decade. Future work needs to revolve around examining the possible causes for this northward shift. Article in Journal/Newspaper Bering Sea Bering Strait Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Remote Sensing 16 14 2530 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic SST gradients sea ice Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Arctic SST gradients sea ice Science Q Jorge Vazquez-Cuervo Michael Steele David S. Wethey José Gómez-Valdés Marisol García-Reyes Rachel Spratt Yang Wang Validation and Application of Satellite-Derived Sea Surface Temperature Gradients in the Bering Strait and Bering Sea |
topic_facet |
Arctic SST gradients sea ice Science Q |
description |
The Arctic is one of the most important regions in the world’s oceans for understanding the impacts of a changing climate. Yet, it is also difficult to measure because of extreme weather and ice conditions. In this work, we directly compare four datasets from the Group for High-Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) with a NASA Saildrone deployment along the Alaskan Coast and the Bering Sea and Bering Strait. The four datasets used are the Remote Sensing Systems Microwave Infrared Optimally Interpolated (MWIR) product, the Canadian Meteorological Center (CMC) product, the Daily Optimally Interpolated Product (DOISST), and the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Ice Analysis (OSTIA) product. Spatial sea surface temperature (SST) gradients were derived for both the Saildrone deployment and GHRSST products, with the GHRSST products collocated with the Saildrone deployment. Overall, statistics indicate that the OSTIA product had a correlation of 0.79 and a root mean square difference of 0.11 °C/km when compared with Saildrone. CMC had the highest correlation of 0.81. Scatter plots indicate that OSTIA had the slope closest to one, thus best reproducing the magnitudes of the Saildrone gradients. Differences increased at latitudes > 65°N where sea ice would have a greater impact. A trend analysis was then performed on the gradient fields. Overall, positive trends in gradients occurred in areas along the coastal regions. A negative trend occurred at approximately 60°N. A major finding of this study is that future work needs to revolve around the impact of changing ice conditions on SST gradients. Another major finding is that a northward shift in the southern ice edge occurred after 2010 with a maxima at approximately 2019. This indicates that the shift of the southern ice edge is not gradual but has dramatically increased over the last decade. Future work needs to revolve around examining the possible causes for this northward shift. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jorge Vazquez-Cuervo Michael Steele David S. Wethey José Gómez-Valdés Marisol García-Reyes Rachel Spratt Yang Wang |
author_facet |
Jorge Vazquez-Cuervo Michael Steele David S. Wethey José Gómez-Valdés Marisol García-Reyes Rachel Spratt Yang Wang |
author_sort |
Jorge Vazquez-Cuervo |
title |
Validation and Application of Satellite-Derived Sea Surface Temperature Gradients in the Bering Strait and Bering Sea |
title_short |
Validation and Application of Satellite-Derived Sea Surface Temperature Gradients in the Bering Strait and Bering Sea |
title_full |
Validation and Application of Satellite-Derived Sea Surface Temperature Gradients in the Bering Strait and Bering Sea |
title_fullStr |
Validation and Application of Satellite-Derived Sea Surface Temperature Gradients in the Bering Strait and Bering Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Validation and Application of Satellite-Derived Sea Surface Temperature Gradients in the Bering Strait and Bering Sea |
title_sort |
validation and application of satellite-derived sea surface temperature gradients in the bering strait and bering sea |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142530 https://doaj.org/article/cd04161e4cfb46e3863149837995e515 |
genre |
Bering Sea Bering Strait Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Bering Sea Bering Strait Sea ice |
op_source |
Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 14, p 2530 (2024) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/14/2530 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs16142530 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/cd04161e4cfb46e3863149837995e515 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142530 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
14 |
container_start_page |
2530 |
_version_ |
1810436674220457984 |