Factors associated with survival of Iranian patients with COVID-19: comparison of Cox regression and mixture cure model

• Published in: Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines
• Main Authors: Mozhgan Seif, Mehdi Sharafi, Haleh Ghaem, Farzaneh Kasraei
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2022
• Subjects: COVID-19; Iran; Survival; Mixture cure; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-022-00162-w; https://doaj.org/article/ccc6900fdbc14da5a416a8e8730f915e

Abstract Backgrounds SARS-CoV-2 is almost the most problematic virus of this century. It has caused extensive damage to various economic, social, and health aspects worldwide. Nowadays, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most dangerous threat to human survival. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate factors associated with the survival of Iranian patients with SARS-CoV-2. Methods This retrospective hospital-based cohort study was conducted on 870 COVID-19 patients with blood oxygen levels of less than 93%. Cox regression and mixture cure model were used and compared to analyze the patients’ survival. It is worth noting that no similar study has been previously conducted using mixture cure regression to model the survival of Iranian patients with COVID-19. Result The cure rate and median survival time were respectively 81.5% and 20 days. Cox regression identified that respiratory distress, history of heart disease and hypertension, and older age were shown to increase the hazard. The Incidence and Latency parts of the mixture cure model respectively revealed that respiratory distress, history of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cough, fever, and older age reduced the cure odds; also, respiratory distress, history of hypertension, and CVDs, and older age increased the hazard. Conclusion The findings of our study revealed that priority should be given to older patients with a history of diabetes, hypertension, and CVDs in receiving intensive care and immunization. Also, the lower cure odds for patients with respiratory distress, fever, and cough favor early hospitalization before the appearance of severe symptoms.