Development and utilization of implantable cardiac monitors in free-ranging American black and Eurasian brown bears: system evolution and lessons learned
Abstract Biologgers can be used to monitor both human and animal physiology and behaviors, activity patterns, and/or environmental stressors. Monitoring of heart rates and rhythms, respiratory patterns, and activity in free-ranging bears can provide unique insights into physiological mechanisms. Suc...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cc9968292ea247f296605356e5f2171f 2023-05-15T18:42:17+02:00 Development and utilization of implantable cardiac monitors in free-ranging American black and Eurasian brown bears: system evolution and lessons learned Timothy G. Laske Alina L. Evans Jon M. Arnemo Tinen L. Iles Mark A. Ditmer Ole Fröbert David L. Garshelis Paul A. Iaizzo 2018-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-018-0157-z https://doaj.org/article/cc9968292ea247f296605356e5f2171f EN eng BMC http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40317-018-0157-z https://doaj.org/toc/2050-3385 doi:10.1186/s40317-018-0157-z 2050-3385 https://doaj.org/article/cc9968292ea247f296605356e5f2171f Animal Biotelemetry, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2018) Autonomic nervous system Conservation Heart rate Hibernation Respiratory sinus arrhythmia Stress Ecology QH540-549.5 Animal biochemistry QP501-801 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-018-0157-z 2022-12-31T15:09:15Z Abstract Biologgers can be used to monitor both human and animal physiology and behaviors, activity patterns, and/or environmental stressors. Monitoring of heart rates and rhythms, respiratory patterns, and activity in free-ranging bears can provide unique insights into physiological mechanisms. Such research can also influence the conservation of wildlife, the management of human–wildlife conflicts, and potentially human medicine. Here we describe our experiences with the development and utilization of three generations of implantable biologgers in American black and Eurasian brown bears (Ursus americanus and Ursus arctos arctos). These devices have enabled novel investigations into the underlying mechanisms for winter survival, including the discovery of an extreme respiratory sinus arrhythmias that acts to conserve energy while providing adequate circulation to maintain alertness (i.e., “fight or flight” behaviors). Extreme variations in heart rate have also been documented, including a 33.8 s asystole and a 261 beats/min sinus tachycardia in black bears and a 39.4 s asystole and a 240 beats/min sinus tachycardia in brown bears. Long-term data recording has also identified annual trends in heart rates and activity in both species. Combining physiological data with concurrent GPS collar locations provided insights into the impacts of human and environmental stressors (hunting, predation by other bears, road crossings, drones), which would not have been apparent through spatial data analysis alone. More recently, short-range wireless telemetry has allowed for real-time streaming of data via telemetry stations placed in remote den locations. Future iterations include transponders for biomonitoring and as an early warning system to aid in the prevention of poaching in free-ranging animals. In this review, we discuss the primary experimental capabilities of the current and next-generation systems. We highlight device evolution in terms of new physiological measurements (e.g., temperature, activity, impedance, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Animal Biotelemetry 6 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Autonomic nervous system Conservation Heart rate Hibernation Respiratory sinus arrhythmia Stress Ecology QH540-549.5 Animal biochemistry QP501-801 |
spellingShingle |
Autonomic nervous system Conservation Heart rate Hibernation Respiratory sinus arrhythmia Stress Ecology QH540-549.5 Animal biochemistry QP501-801 Timothy G. Laske Alina L. Evans Jon M. Arnemo Tinen L. Iles Mark A. Ditmer Ole Fröbert David L. Garshelis Paul A. Iaizzo Development and utilization of implantable cardiac monitors in free-ranging American black and Eurasian brown bears: system evolution and lessons learned |
topic_facet |
Autonomic nervous system Conservation Heart rate Hibernation Respiratory sinus arrhythmia Stress Ecology QH540-549.5 Animal biochemistry QP501-801 |
description |
Abstract Biologgers can be used to monitor both human and animal physiology and behaviors, activity patterns, and/or environmental stressors. Monitoring of heart rates and rhythms, respiratory patterns, and activity in free-ranging bears can provide unique insights into physiological mechanisms. Such research can also influence the conservation of wildlife, the management of human–wildlife conflicts, and potentially human medicine. Here we describe our experiences with the development and utilization of three generations of implantable biologgers in American black and Eurasian brown bears (Ursus americanus and Ursus arctos arctos). These devices have enabled novel investigations into the underlying mechanisms for winter survival, including the discovery of an extreme respiratory sinus arrhythmias that acts to conserve energy while providing adequate circulation to maintain alertness (i.e., “fight or flight” behaviors). Extreme variations in heart rate have also been documented, including a 33.8 s asystole and a 261 beats/min sinus tachycardia in black bears and a 39.4 s asystole and a 240 beats/min sinus tachycardia in brown bears. Long-term data recording has also identified annual trends in heart rates and activity in both species. Combining physiological data with concurrent GPS collar locations provided insights into the impacts of human and environmental stressors (hunting, predation by other bears, road crossings, drones), which would not have been apparent through spatial data analysis alone. More recently, short-range wireless telemetry has allowed for real-time streaming of data via telemetry stations placed in remote den locations. Future iterations include transponders for biomonitoring and as an early warning system to aid in the prevention of poaching in free-ranging animals. In this review, we discuss the primary experimental capabilities of the current and next-generation systems. We highlight device evolution in terms of new physiological measurements (e.g., temperature, activity, impedance, ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Timothy G. Laske Alina L. Evans Jon M. Arnemo Tinen L. Iles Mark A. Ditmer Ole Fröbert David L. Garshelis Paul A. Iaizzo |
author_facet |
Timothy G. Laske Alina L. Evans Jon M. Arnemo Tinen L. Iles Mark A. Ditmer Ole Fröbert David L. Garshelis Paul A. Iaizzo |
author_sort |
Timothy G. Laske |
title |
Development and utilization of implantable cardiac monitors in free-ranging American black and Eurasian brown bears: system evolution and lessons learned |
title_short |
Development and utilization of implantable cardiac monitors in free-ranging American black and Eurasian brown bears: system evolution and lessons learned |
title_full |
Development and utilization of implantable cardiac monitors in free-ranging American black and Eurasian brown bears: system evolution and lessons learned |
title_fullStr |
Development and utilization of implantable cardiac monitors in free-ranging American black and Eurasian brown bears: system evolution and lessons learned |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development and utilization of implantable cardiac monitors in free-ranging American black and Eurasian brown bears: system evolution and lessons learned |
title_sort |
development and utilization of implantable cardiac monitors in free-ranging american black and eurasian brown bears: system evolution and lessons learned |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-018-0157-z https://doaj.org/article/cc9968292ea247f296605356e5f2171f |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Animal Biotelemetry, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40317-018-0157-z https://doaj.org/toc/2050-3385 doi:10.1186/s40317-018-0157-z 2050-3385 https://doaj.org/article/cc9968292ea247f296605356e5f2171f |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-018-0157-z |
container_title |
Animal Biotelemetry |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766231922950799360 |