Chemistry of the reactive nitrogen in the Antarctic stratosphere
Low levels of reactive nitrogen species are essential for large stratospheric ozone (O_3) depletion over the Antarctic continent in the austral spring (Antarctic ozone hole), because ClO is sequestered by a reaction with NO_2 to form a quasi-stable molecule ClONO_2. The column amounts of NO_2 have b...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cbdffa0e6b5448288c2eafcffa563fe3 2023-05-15T13:49:31+02:00 Chemistry of the reactive nitrogen in the Antarctic stratosphere Yutaka Kondo Makoto Koike 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.15094/00008975 https://doaj.org/article/cbdffa0e6b5448288c2eafcffa563fe3 EN JA eng jpn National Institute of Polar Research http://doi.org/10.15094/00008975 https://doaj.org/toc/0085-7289 https://doaj.org/toc/2432-079X doi:10.15094/00008975 0085-7289 2432-079X https://doaj.org/article/cbdffa0e6b5448288c2eafcffa563fe3 Antarctic Record, Vol 41, Iss 1, Pp 271-283 (1997) Geography (General) G1-922 article 1997 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.15094/00008975 2022-12-31T12:24:49Z Low levels of reactive nitrogen species are essential for large stratospheric ozone (O_3) depletion over the Antarctic continent in the austral spring (Antarctic ozone hole), because ClO is sequestered by a reaction with NO_2 to form a quasi-stable molecule ClONO_2. The column amounts of NO_2 have been measured using a visible spectrometer at Syowa Station, Antarctica (69°S) since March 1990. The NO_2 column exhibits a large seasonal variation with a maximum in summer and a minimum in winter. The recovery of NO_2 in spring is 2-3 times slower than the fall decay. The low NO_2 level in mid-winter to early spring is considered to be due to a conversion into HNO_3 on PSCs and due to the denitrification by gravitational sedimentation of PSC particles. Results from a chemical box model agreed well with this slow rate of NO_2 increase in spring when heterogeneous chemistry on PSCs was included. The reduction of NO_2 by 30% was found after the breakup of the austral polar vortex in 1992. This is probably due to the transport of air from lower latitudes, where NO_2 is reduced by heterogeneous conversion into HNO_3 on the surface of sulfate aerosols increased by the Pinatubo volcanic eruption. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic The Antarctic Austral Syowa Station |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English Japanese |
topic |
Geography (General) G1-922 |
spellingShingle |
Geography (General) G1-922 Yutaka Kondo Makoto Koike Chemistry of the reactive nitrogen in the Antarctic stratosphere |
topic_facet |
Geography (General) G1-922 |
description |
Low levels of reactive nitrogen species are essential for large stratospheric ozone (O_3) depletion over the Antarctic continent in the austral spring (Antarctic ozone hole), because ClO is sequestered by a reaction with NO_2 to form a quasi-stable molecule ClONO_2. The column amounts of NO_2 have been measured using a visible spectrometer at Syowa Station, Antarctica (69°S) since March 1990. The NO_2 column exhibits a large seasonal variation with a maximum in summer and a minimum in winter. The recovery of NO_2 in spring is 2-3 times slower than the fall decay. The low NO_2 level in mid-winter to early spring is considered to be due to a conversion into HNO_3 on PSCs and due to the denitrification by gravitational sedimentation of PSC particles. Results from a chemical box model agreed well with this slow rate of NO_2 increase in spring when heterogeneous chemistry on PSCs was included. The reduction of NO_2 by 30% was found after the breakup of the austral polar vortex in 1992. This is probably due to the transport of air from lower latitudes, where NO_2 is reduced by heterogeneous conversion into HNO_3 on the surface of sulfate aerosols increased by the Pinatubo volcanic eruption. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yutaka Kondo Makoto Koike |
author_facet |
Yutaka Kondo Makoto Koike |
author_sort |
Yutaka Kondo |
title |
Chemistry of the reactive nitrogen in the Antarctic stratosphere |
title_short |
Chemistry of the reactive nitrogen in the Antarctic stratosphere |
title_full |
Chemistry of the reactive nitrogen in the Antarctic stratosphere |
title_fullStr |
Chemistry of the reactive nitrogen in the Antarctic stratosphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemistry of the reactive nitrogen in the Antarctic stratosphere |
title_sort |
chemistry of the reactive nitrogen in the antarctic stratosphere |
publisher |
National Institute of Polar Research |
publishDate |
1997 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.15094/00008975 https://doaj.org/article/cbdffa0e6b5448288c2eafcffa563fe3 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Austral Syowa Station |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Austral Syowa Station |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_source |
Antarctic Record, Vol 41, Iss 1, Pp 271-283 (1997) |
op_relation |
http://doi.org/10.15094/00008975 https://doaj.org/toc/0085-7289 https://doaj.org/toc/2432-079X doi:10.15094/00008975 0085-7289 2432-079X https://doaj.org/article/cbdffa0e6b5448288c2eafcffa563fe3 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.15094/00008975 |
_version_ |
1766251463276756992 |