Prevalence of Toxocara species infection in the U.S.: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014.
Toxocariasis is one of the most common neglected infections of poverty in the U.S. with a reported National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988-1994) seroprevalence of 13.9% based on enzyme immunoassay testing. We reviewed NHANES data from 2011-2014 to assess current levels. S...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c98e27286f804ef3b5bf927f88654edd 2023-05-15T15:12:25+02:00 Prevalence of Toxocara species infection in the U.S.: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. Aaron Farmer Thomas Beltran Young Sammy Choi 2017-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005818 https://doaj.org/article/c98e27286f804ef3b5bf927f88654edd EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5552322?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005818 https://doaj.org/article/c98e27286f804ef3b5bf927f88654edd PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 7, p e0005818 (2017) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005818 2023-01-08T01:28:20Z Toxocariasis is one of the most common neglected infections of poverty in the U.S. with a reported National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988-1994) seroprevalence of 13.9% based on enzyme immunoassay testing. We reviewed NHANES data from 2011-2014 to assess current levels. Sera collected from NHANES 2011-2014 participants six years and older were tested for exposure using rTc-CTL-1 antigen, a more sensitive and specific recombinant antigen for IgG antibodies for Toxocara spp. These results were subdivided into children (age 6-17) and adults (age ≥ 18) and then compared between various sociodemographic characteristics. Given prior associations of Toxocara exposure with atopic disease and lead exposure, we also reviewed laboratory values including complete blood counts and blood and urine lead levels. Data from 13,509 individuals with Toxocara antibody results were examined including 3337 children (15.2%) and 10172 adults (84.8%). Overall seroprevalence was 5.1%. In adults increased antibody positivity occurred with non-White ethnicity, male gender, less than college-level education and lower income. Among children, increased antibody positivity was solely related to a lack of health insurance. Additionally, seropositivity was associated with increased blood lead and eosinophil levels in adults and both blood and urine lead levels in children. Relative to NHANES III (1988-1994), current data suggest an overall decrease in Toxocara spp. seroprevalence from 13.9% to 5.1%, however this may be artificially lowered due to difference in testing methods used. Persistent disparities appear to be associated with at-risk populations such as minority ethnicity and low socioeconomic status. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11 7 e0005818 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Aaron Farmer Thomas Beltran Young Sammy Choi Prevalence of Toxocara species infection in the U.S.: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Toxocariasis is one of the most common neglected infections of poverty in the U.S. with a reported National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988-1994) seroprevalence of 13.9% based on enzyme immunoassay testing. We reviewed NHANES data from 2011-2014 to assess current levels. Sera collected from NHANES 2011-2014 participants six years and older were tested for exposure using rTc-CTL-1 antigen, a more sensitive and specific recombinant antigen for IgG antibodies for Toxocara spp. These results were subdivided into children (age 6-17) and adults (age ≥ 18) and then compared between various sociodemographic characteristics. Given prior associations of Toxocara exposure with atopic disease and lead exposure, we also reviewed laboratory values including complete blood counts and blood and urine lead levels. Data from 13,509 individuals with Toxocara antibody results were examined including 3337 children (15.2%) and 10172 adults (84.8%). Overall seroprevalence was 5.1%. In adults increased antibody positivity occurred with non-White ethnicity, male gender, less than college-level education and lower income. Among children, increased antibody positivity was solely related to a lack of health insurance. Additionally, seropositivity was associated with increased blood lead and eosinophil levels in adults and both blood and urine lead levels in children. Relative to NHANES III (1988-1994), current data suggest an overall decrease in Toxocara spp. seroprevalence from 13.9% to 5.1%, however this may be artificially lowered due to difference in testing methods used. Persistent disparities appear to be associated with at-risk populations such as minority ethnicity and low socioeconomic status. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Aaron Farmer Thomas Beltran Young Sammy Choi |
author_facet |
Aaron Farmer Thomas Beltran Young Sammy Choi |
author_sort |
Aaron Farmer |
title |
Prevalence of Toxocara species infection in the U.S.: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. |
title_short |
Prevalence of Toxocara species infection in the U.S.: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. |
title_full |
Prevalence of Toxocara species infection in the U.S.: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. |
title_fullStr |
Prevalence of Toxocara species infection in the U.S.: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Prevalence of Toxocara species infection in the U.S.: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. |
title_sort |
prevalence of toxocara species infection in the u.s.: results from the national health and nutrition examination survey, 2011-2014. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005818 https://doaj.org/article/c98e27286f804ef3b5bf927f88654edd |
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Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 7, p e0005818 (2017) |
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http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5552322?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005818 https://doaj.org/article/c98e27286f804ef3b5bf927f88654edd |
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005818 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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