Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminths following sustained implementation of routine preventive chemotherapy: Demographics and baseline results of a cluster randomised trial in southern Malawi.
Malawi has successfully leveraged multiple delivery platforms to scale-up and sustain the implementation of preventive chemotherapy (PCT) for the control of morbidity caused by soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Sentinel monitoring demonstrates this strategy has been successful in reducing STH infect...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c87b05ca381d4dbdaca0cb69741af69b 2023-05-15T15:16:20+02:00 Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminths following sustained implementation of routine preventive chemotherapy: Demographics and baseline results of a cluster randomised trial in southern Malawi. Stefan Witek-McManus James Simwanza Alvin B Chisambi Stella Kepha Zachariah Kamwendo Alfred Mbwinja Lyson Samikwa William E Oswald David S Kennedy Joseph W S Timothy Hugo Legge Sean R Galagan Mira Emmanuel-Fabula Fabian Schaer Kristjana Ásbjörnsdóttir Katherine E Halliday Judd L Walson Lazarus Juziwelo Robin L Bailey Khumbo Kalua Rachel L Pullan 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009292 https://doaj.org/article/c87b05ca381d4dbdaca0cb69741af69b EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009292 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009292 https://doaj.org/article/c87b05ca381d4dbdaca0cb69741af69b PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 5, p e0009292 (2021) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009292 2022-12-31T11:01:42Z Malawi has successfully leveraged multiple delivery platforms to scale-up and sustain the implementation of preventive chemotherapy (PCT) for the control of morbidity caused by soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Sentinel monitoring demonstrates this strategy has been successful in reducing STH infection in school-age children, although our understanding of the contemporary epidemiological profile of STH across the broader community remains limited. As part of a multi-site trial evaluating the feasibility of interrupting STH transmission across three countries, this study aimed to describe the baseline demographics and the prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of STH infection in Mangochi district, southern Malawi. Between October-December 2017, a community census was conducted across the catchment area of seven primary healthcare facilities, enumerating 131,074 individuals across 124 villages. A cross-sectional parasitological survey was then conducted between March-May 2018 in the censused area as a baseline for a cluster randomised trial. An age-stratified random sample of 6,102 individuals were assessed for helminthiasis by Kato-Katz and completed a detailed risk-factor questionnaire. The age-cluster weighted prevalence of any STH infection was 7.8% (95% C.I. 7.0%-8.6%) comprised predominantly of hookworm species and of entirely low-intensity infections. The presence and intensity of infection was significantly higher in men and in adults. Infection was negatively associated with risk factors that included increasing levels of relative household wealth, higher education levels of any adult household member, current school attendance, or recent deworming. In this setting of relatively high coverage of sanitation facilities, there was no association between hookworm and reported access to sanitation, handwashing facilities, or water facilities. These results describe a setting that has reduced the prevalence of STH to a very low level, and confirms many previously recognised risk-factors for ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15 5 e0009292 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Stefan Witek-McManus James Simwanza Alvin B Chisambi Stella Kepha Zachariah Kamwendo Alfred Mbwinja Lyson Samikwa William E Oswald David S Kennedy Joseph W S Timothy Hugo Legge Sean R Galagan Mira Emmanuel-Fabula Fabian Schaer Kristjana Ásbjörnsdóttir Katherine E Halliday Judd L Walson Lazarus Juziwelo Robin L Bailey Khumbo Kalua Rachel L Pullan Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminths following sustained implementation of routine preventive chemotherapy: Demographics and baseline results of a cluster randomised trial in southern Malawi. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Malawi has successfully leveraged multiple delivery platforms to scale-up and sustain the implementation of preventive chemotherapy (PCT) for the control of morbidity caused by soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Sentinel monitoring demonstrates this strategy has been successful in reducing STH infection in school-age children, although our understanding of the contemporary epidemiological profile of STH across the broader community remains limited. As part of a multi-site trial evaluating the feasibility of interrupting STH transmission across three countries, this study aimed to describe the baseline demographics and the prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of STH infection in Mangochi district, southern Malawi. Between October-December 2017, a community census was conducted across the catchment area of seven primary healthcare facilities, enumerating 131,074 individuals across 124 villages. A cross-sectional parasitological survey was then conducted between March-May 2018 in the censused area as a baseline for a cluster randomised trial. An age-stratified random sample of 6,102 individuals were assessed for helminthiasis by Kato-Katz and completed a detailed risk-factor questionnaire. The age-cluster weighted prevalence of any STH infection was 7.8% (95% C.I. 7.0%-8.6%) comprised predominantly of hookworm species and of entirely low-intensity infections. The presence and intensity of infection was significantly higher in men and in adults. Infection was negatively associated with risk factors that included increasing levels of relative household wealth, higher education levels of any adult household member, current school attendance, or recent deworming. In this setting of relatively high coverage of sanitation facilities, there was no association between hookworm and reported access to sanitation, handwashing facilities, or water facilities. These results describe a setting that has reduced the prevalence of STH to a very low level, and confirms many previously recognised risk-factors for ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stefan Witek-McManus James Simwanza Alvin B Chisambi Stella Kepha Zachariah Kamwendo Alfred Mbwinja Lyson Samikwa William E Oswald David S Kennedy Joseph W S Timothy Hugo Legge Sean R Galagan Mira Emmanuel-Fabula Fabian Schaer Kristjana Ásbjörnsdóttir Katherine E Halliday Judd L Walson Lazarus Juziwelo Robin L Bailey Khumbo Kalua Rachel L Pullan |
author_facet |
Stefan Witek-McManus James Simwanza Alvin B Chisambi Stella Kepha Zachariah Kamwendo Alfred Mbwinja Lyson Samikwa William E Oswald David S Kennedy Joseph W S Timothy Hugo Legge Sean R Galagan Mira Emmanuel-Fabula Fabian Schaer Kristjana Ásbjörnsdóttir Katherine E Halliday Judd L Walson Lazarus Juziwelo Robin L Bailey Khumbo Kalua Rachel L Pullan |
author_sort |
Stefan Witek-McManus |
title |
Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminths following sustained implementation of routine preventive chemotherapy: Demographics and baseline results of a cluster randomised trial in southern Malawi. |
title_short |
Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminths following sustained implementation of routine preventive chemotherapy: Demographics and baseline results of a cluster randomised trial in southern Malawi. |
title_full |
Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminths following sustained implementation of routine preventive chemotherapy: Demographics and baseline results of a cluster randomised trial in southern Malawi. |
title_fullStr |
Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminths following sustained implementation of routine preventive chemotherapy: Demographics and baseline results of a cluster randomised trial in southern Malawi. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminths following sustained implementation of routine preventive chemotherapy: Demographics and baseline results of a cluster randomised trial in southern Malawi. |
title_sort |
epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminths following sustained implementation of routine preventive chemotherapy: demographics and baseline results of a cluster randomised trial in southern malawi. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009292 https://doaj.org/article/c87b05ca381d4dbdaca0cb69741af69b |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 5, p e0009292 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009292 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009292 https://doaj.org/article/c87b05ca381d4dbdaca0cb69741af69b |
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009292 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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15 |
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5 |
container_start_page |
e0009292 |
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