Density dependence and phenological mismatch: consequences for growth and survival of sub-arctic nesting Canada Geese
The extent to which species are plastic in the timing of their reproductive events relative to phenology suggests how climate change might affect their demography. An ecological mismatch between the timing of hatch for avian species and the peak availability in quality and quantity of forage for rap...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c80fb479eb04424ca1b1363aa75f1198 2023-05-15T13:07:42+02:00 Density dependence and phenological mismatch: consequences for growth and survival of sub-arctic nesting Canada Geese Rodney W. Brook James O. Leafloor Kenneth F. Abraham David C. Douglas 2015-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-00708-100101 https://doaj.org/article/c80fb479eb04424ca1b1363aa75f1198 EN eng Resilience Alliance http://www.ace-eco.org/vol10/iss1/art1/ https://doaj.org/toc/1712-6568 1712-6568 doi:10.5751/ACE-00708-100101 https://doaj.org/article/c80fb479eb04424ca1b1363aa75f1198 Avian Conservation and Ecology, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 1 (2015) Branta canadensis Canada goose climate density dependence ecological mismatch growth plant phenology survival Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-00708-100101 2022-12-31T07:29:52Z The extent to which species are plastic in the timing of their reproductive events relative to phenology suggests how climate change might affect their demography. An ecological mismatch between the timing of hatch for avian species and the peak availability in quality and quantity of forage for rapidly growing offspring might ultimately affect recruitment to the breeding population unless individuals can adjust the timing of breeding to adapt to changing phenology. We evaluated effects of goose density, hatch timing relative to forage plant phenology, and weather indices on annual growth of pre-fledging Canada geese (Branta canadensis) from 1993-2010 at Akimiski Island, Nunavut. We found effects of both density and hatch timing relative to forage plant phenology; the earlier that eggs hatched relative to forage plant phenology, the larger the mean gosling size near fledging. Goslings were smallest in years when hatch was latest relative to forage plant phenology, and when local abundance of breeding adults was highest. We found no evidence for a trend in relative hatch timing, but it was apparent that in early springs, Canada geese tended to hatch later relative to vegetation phenology, suggesting that geese were not always able to adjust the timing of nesting as rapidly as vegetation phenology was advanced. Analyses using forage biomass information revealed a positive relationship between gosling size and per capita biomass availability, suggesting a causal mechanism for the density effect. The effects of weather parameters explained additional variation in mean annual gosling size, although total June and July rainfall had a small additive effect on gosling size. Modelling of annual first-year survival probability using mean annual gosling size as an annual covariate revealed a positive relationship, suggesting that reduced gosling growth negatively impacts recruitment. Article in Journal/Newspaper Akimiski island Arctic Branta canadensis Canada Goose Climate change Nunavut Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Nunavut Canada Akimiski Island ENVELOPE(-81.275,-81.275,53.008,53.008) Avian Conservation and Ecology 10 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Branta canadensis Canada goose climate density dependence ecological mismatch growth plant phenology survival Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989 |
spellingShingle |
Branta canadensis Canada goose climate density dependence ecological mismatch growth plant phenology survival Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989 Rodney W. Brook James O. Leafloor Kenneth F. Abraham David C. Douglas Density dependence and phenological mismatch: consequences for growth and survival of sub-arctic nesting Canada Geese |
topic_facet |
Branta canadensis Canada goose climate density dependence ecological mismatch growth plant phenology survival Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989 |
description |
The extent to which species are plastic in the timing of their reproductive events relative to phenology suggests how climate change might affect their demography. An ecological mismatch between the timing of hatch for avian species and the peak availability in quality and quantity of forage for rapidly growing offspring might ultimately affect recruitment to the breeding population unless individuals can adjust the timing of breeding to adapt to changing phenology. We evaluated effects of goose density, hatch timing relative to forage plant phenology, and weather indices on annual growth of pre-fledging Canada geese (Branta canadensis) from 1993-2010 at Akimiski Island, Nunavut. We found effects of both density and hatch timing relative to forage plant phenology; the earlier that eggs hatched relative to forage plant phenology, the larger the mean gosling size near fledging. Goslings were smallest in years when hatch was latest relative to forage plant phenology, and when local abundance of breeding adults was highest. We found no evidence for a trend in relative hatch timing, but it was apparent that in early springs, Canada geese tended to hatch later relative to vegetation phenology, suggesting that geese were not always able to adjust the timing of nesting as rapidly as vegetation phenology was advanced. Analyses using forage biomass information revealed a positive relationship between gosling size and per capita biomass availability, suggesting a causal mechanism for the density effect. The effects of weather parameters explained additional variation in mean annual gosling size, although total June and July rainfall had a small additive effect on gosling size. Modelling of annual first-year survival probability using mean annual gosling size as an annual covariate revealed a positive relationship, suggesting that reduced gosling growth negatively impacts recruitment. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rodney W. Brook James O. Leafloor Kenneth F. Abraham David C. Douglas |
author_facet |
Rodney W. Brook James O. Leafloor Kenneth F. Abraham David C. Douglas |
author_sort |
Rodney W. Brook |
title |
Density dependence and phenological mismatch: consequences for growth and survival of sub-arctic nesting Canada Geese |
title_short |
Density dependence and phenological mismatch: consequences for growth and survival of sub-arctic nesting Canada Geese |
title_full |
Density dependence and phenological mismatch: consequences for growth and survival of sub-arctic nesting Canada Geese |
title_fullStr |
Density dependence and phenological mismatch: consequences for growth and survival of sub-arctic nesting Canada Geese |
title_full_unstemmed |
Density dependence and phenological mismatch: consequences for growth and survival of sub-arctic nesting Canada Geese |
title_sort |
density dependence and phenological mismatch: consequences for growth and survival of sub-arctic nesting canada geese |
publisher |
Resilience Alliance |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-00708-100101 https://doaj.org/article/c80fb479eb04424ca1b1363aa75f1198 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-81.275,-81.275,53.008,53.008) |
geographic |
Arctic Nunavut Canada Akimiski Island |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Nunavut Canada Akimiski Island |
genre |
Akimiski island Arctic Branta canadensis Canada Goose Climate change Nunavut |
genre_facet |
Akimiski island Arctic Branta canadensis Canada Goose Climate change Nunavut |
op_source |
Avian Conservation and Ecology, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 1 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://www.ace-eco.org/vol10/iss1/art1/ https://doaj.org/toc/1712-6568 1712-6568 doi:10.5751/ACE-00708-100101 https://doaj.org/article/c80fb479eb04424ca1b1363aa75f1198 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-00708-100101 |
container_title |
Avian Conservation and Ecology |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766064068926373888 |