A multi-decadal record of oceanographic changes of the past ~165 years (1850-2015 AD) from Northwest of Iceland.

Extending oceanographic data beyond the instrumental period is highly needed to better characterize and understand multi-decadal to centennial natural ocean variability. Here, a stable isotope record at unprecedented temporal resolution (1 to 2 years) from a new marine core retrieved off western Nor...

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Published in:PLOS ONE
Main Authors: Margit H Simon, Francesco Muschitiello, Amandine A Tisserand, Are Olsen, Matthias Moros, Kerstin Perner, Siv Tone Bårdsnes, Trond M Dokken, Eystein Jansen
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2020
Subjects:
R
Q
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239373
https://doaj.org/article/c748a0172c8544b08381c5f77f663439
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c748a0172c8544b08381c5f77f663439 2023-05-15T15:15:29+02:00 A multi-decadal record of oceanographic changes of the past ~165 years (1850-2015 AD) from Northwest of Iceland. Margit H Simon Francesco Muschitiello Amandine A Tisserand Are Olsen Matthias Moros Kerstin Perner Siv Tone Bårdsnes Trond M Dokken Eystein Jansen 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239373 https://doaj.org/article/c748a0172c8544b08381c5f77f663439 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239373 https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239373 https://doaj.org/article/c748a0172c8544b08381c5f77f663439 PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0239373 (2020) Medicine R Science Q article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239373 2022-12-31T05:54:00Z Extending oceanographic data beyond the instrumental period is highly needed to better characterize and understand multi-decadal to centennial natural ocean variability. Here, a stable isotope record at unprecedented temporal resolution (1 to 2 years) from a new marine core retrieved off western North Iceland is presented. We aim to better constrain the variability of subsurface, Atlantic-derived Subpolar Mode Water (SPMW), using near surface-dwelling planktic foraminifera and Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) mass changes using benthic foraminifera over the last ~165 years. The reconstruction overlaps in time with instrumental observations and a direct comparison reveals that the δ18O record of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma is reliably representing temperature fluctuations in the SPMWs. Trends in the N. pachyderma δ13C record match the measured phosphate concentration in the upper 200 m on the North Icelandic Shelf well. Near surface-dwelling foraminifera trace anthropogenic CO2 in the Iceland Sea by ~ 1950 ± 8, however, a reduced amplitude shift in the Marine Suess effect is identified. We argue that this is caused by a contemporary ongoing increase in marine primary productivity in the upper ocean due to enhanced Greenland's freshwater discharge that has contributed to a nutrient-driven fertilization since the 1940s/50s (Perner et al., 2019). Multi-decadal variability is detected. We find that the 16-year periodicity evident in SPMW and AIWs based on the δ18O of N. pachyderma and M. barleeanum is a signal of SST anomalies propagated into the Nordic Seas via the Atlantic inflow branches around Iceland. Spectral analyses of the planktic foraminiferal δ13C signal indicate intermittent 30-year cycles that are likely reflecting the ocean response to atmospheric variability, presumably the East Atlantic Pattern. A long-term trend in benthic δ18O suggests that Atlantic-derived waters are expanding their core within the water column from the subsurface into deeper intermediate depths towards the present day. This is a ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Foraminifera* Iceland Neogloboquadrina pachyderma Nordic Seas Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS ONE 15 9 e0239373
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language English
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Margit H Simon
Francesco Muschitiello
Amandine A Tisserand
Are Olsen
Matthias Moros
Kerstin Perner
Siv Tone Bårdsnes
Trond M Dokken
Eystein Jansen
A multi-decadal record of oceanographic changes of the past ~165 years (1850-2015 AD) from Northwest of Iceland.
topic_facet Medicine
R
Science
Q
description Extending oceanographic data beyond the instrumental period is highly needed to better characterize and understand multi-decadal to centennial natural ocean variability. Here, a stable isotope record at unprecedented temporal resolution (1 to 2 years) from a new marine core retrieved off western North Iceland is presented. We aim to better constrain the variability of subsurface, Atlantic-derived Subpolar Mode Water (SPMW), using near surface-dwelling planktic foraminifera and Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) mass changes using benthic foraminifera over the last ~165 years. The reconstruction overlaps in time with instrumental observations and a direct comparison reveals that the δ18O record of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma is reliably representing temperature fluctuations in the SPMWs. Trends in the N. pachyderma δ13C record match the measured phosphate concentration in the upper 200 m on the North Icelandic Shelf well. Near surface-dwelling foraminifera trace anthropogenic CO2 in the Iceland Sea by ~ 1950 ± 8, however, a reduced amplitude shift in the Marine Suess effect is identified. We argue that this is caused by a contemporary ongoing increase in marine primary productivity in the upper ocean due to enhanced Greenland's freshwater discharge that has contributed to a nutrient-driven fertilization since the 1940s/50s (Perner et al., 2019). Multi-decadal variability is detected. We find that the 16-year periodicity evident in SPMW and AIWs based on the δ18O of N. pachyderma and M. barleeanum is a signal of SST anomalies propagated into the Nordic Seas via the Atlantic inflow branches around Iceland. Spectral analyses of the planktic foraminiferal δ13C signal indicate intermittent 30-year cycles that are likely reflecting the ocean response to atmospheric variability, presumably the East Atlantic Pattern. A long-term trend in benthic δ18O suggests that Atlantic-derived waters are expanding their core within the water column from the subsurface into deeper intermediate depths towards the present day. This is a ...
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Margit H Simon
Francesco Muschitiello
Amandine A Tisserand
Are Olsen
Matthias Moros
Kerstin Perner
Siv Tone Bårdsnes
Trond M Dokken
Eystein Jansen
author_facet Margit H Simon
Francesco Muschitiello
Amandine A Tisserand
Are Olsen
Matthias Moros
Kerstin Perner
Siv Tone Bårdsnes
Trond M Dokken
Eystein Jansen
author_sort Margit H Simon
title A multi-decadal record of oceanographic changes of the past ~165 years (1850-2015 AD) from Northwest of Iceland.
title_short A multi-decadal record of oceanographic changes of the past ~165 years (1850-2015 AD) from Northwest of Iceland.
title_full A multi-decadal record of oceanographic changes of the past ~165 years (1850-2015 AD) from Northwest of Iceland.
title_fullStr A multi-decadal record of oceanographic changes of the past ~165 years (1850-2015 AD) from Northwest of Iceland.
title_full_unstemmed A multi-decadal record of oceanographic changes of the past ~165 years (1850-2015 AD) from Northwest of Iceland.
title_sort multi-decadal record of oceanographic changes of the past ~165 years (1850-2015 ad) from northwest of iceland.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2020
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239373
https://doaj.org/article/c748a0172c8544b08381c5f77f663439
geographic Arctic
geographic_facet Arctic
genre Arctic
Foraminifera*
Iceland
Neogloboquadrina pachyderma
Nordic Seas
genre_facet Arctic
Foraminifera*
Iceland
Neogloboquadrina pachyderma
Nordic Seas
op_source PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0239373 (2020)
op_relation https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239373
https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203
1932-6203
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239373
https://doaj.org/article/c748a0172c8544b08381c5f77f663439
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239373
container_title PLOS ONE
container_volume 15
container_issue 9
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