Arctic sea ice in the light of current and past climate changes

Data from satellite observations (1979–2020) showed that over the last 40 years, years with a decrease in the area of summer ice extent and their thickness have prevail. Over 10 years, negative trends in anomalies of ice area and thickness of the ice are −13 and −15%, respectively. There is also a r...

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Published in:Ice and Snow
Main Authors: I. I. Borzenkova, A. A. Ershova, E. L. Zhiltsova, K. O. Shapovalova
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:Russian
Published: Nauka 2021
Subjects:
Q
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673421040106
https://doaj.org/article/c6983e39e46a4c558d1ab569a5d95355
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c6983e39e46a4c558d1ab569a5d95355 2023-05-15T14:55:23+02:00 Arctic sea ice in the light of current and past climate changes I. I. Borzenkova A. A. Ershova E. L. Zhiltsova K. O. Shapovalova 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673421040106 https://doaj.org/article/c6983e39e46a4c558d1ab569a5d95355 RU rus Nauka https://ice-snow.igras.ru/jour/article/view/932 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-6734 https://doaj.org/toc/2412-3765 2076-6734 2412-3765 doi:10.31857/S2076673421040106 https://doaj.org/article/c6983e39e46a4c558d1ab569a5d95355 Лëд и снег, Vol 61, Iss 4, Pp 533-546 (2021) современное потепление площадь и толщина морского льда арктики морской лёд тёплые эпохи прошлого безлёдная арктика в прошлом и будущем Science Q article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673421040106 2023-03-19T01:40:08Z Data from satellite observations (1979–2020) showed that over the last 40 years, years with a decrease in the area of summer ice extent and their thickness have prevail. Over 10 years, negative trends in anomalies of ice area and thickness of the ice are −13 and −15%, respectively. There is also a rapid reduction in the area of old ice (> 4 year-old): while in 1985 it was estimated at 2.7 million km2 while in March 2010 it was 0.34 million km2 . The paper analyses paleo-sea ice extent during the Holocene (the last 12,000 years) based on empirical biomarkers IP25 (a sea ice proxy with 25 carbon atoms synthesized by the specific Arctic sea ice diatoms Haslea spp. which have been proven to be a suitable proxy for paleo-sea ice reconstructions) obtained from deep-sea cores from the North Atlantic. The data obtained showed that during the warm periods of the Early and Middle Holocene, the area of summer sea ice was reduced to a minimum. This confirms the conclusion made earlier in [28] that the current trend of reducing the area and thickness of ice is unprecedented over the past 1,500 years. There is no complete analogue of the climate in the past corresponding to the current level of the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The closest time interval in terms of CO2 content is the warming of the Middle Pliocene between 3 and 4 million years ago, when the CO2 content in the atmosphere was 450–500 ppm against approximately 420 ppm at present. Paleo-climate reconstructions for this period estimate the global temperature to be 3.0–3.5±0.5 °C higher than at the end of the 19th century. Summer air temperatures in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere exceeded the current ones by 8–10 °C, and the sea ice in the Arctic shelf seas was completely absent in the summer. Empirical data and model simulations have shown that presently the main driver of the reduction of the Arctic sea ice area is the increase in concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. At the present time old sea ice tends to be replaced by seasonal ice ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic North Atlantic Sea ice Арктика Морской лёд Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Ice and Snow 61 4 533 546
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language Russian
topic современное потепление
площадь и толщина морского льда арктики
морской лёд
тёплые эпохи прошлого
безлёдная арктика в прошлом и будущем
Science
Q
spellingShingle современное потепление
площадь и толщина морского льда арктики
морской лёд
тёплые эпохи прошлого
безлёдная арктика в прошлом и будущем
Science
Q
I. I. Borzenkova
A. A. Ershova
E. L. Zhiltsova
K. O. Shapovalova
Arctic sea ice in the light of current and past climate changes
topic_facet современное потепление
площадь и толщина морского льда арктики
морской лёд
тёплые эпохи прошлого
безлёдная арктика в прошлом и будущем
Science
Q
description Data from satellite observations (1979–2020) showed that over the last 40 years, years with a decrease in the area of summer ice extent and their thickness have prevail. Over 10 years, negative trends in anomalies of ice area and thickness of the ice are −13 and −15%, respectively. There is also a rapid reduction in the area of old ice (> 4 year-old): while in 1985 it was estimated at 2.7 million km2 while in March 2010 it was 0.34 million km2 . The paper analyses paleo-sea ice extent during the Holocene (the last 12,000 years) based on empirical biomarkers IP25 (a sea ice proxy with 25 carbon atoms synthesized by the specific Arctic sea ice diatoms Haslea spp. which have been proven to be a suitable proxy for paleo-sea ice reconstructions) obtained from deep-sea cores from the North Atlantic. The data obtained showed that during the warm periods of the Early and Middle Holocene, the area of summer sea ice was reduced to a minimum. This confirms the conclusion made earlier in [28] that the current trend of reducing the area and thickness of ice is unprecedented over the past 1,500 years. There is no complete analogue of the climate in the past corresponding to the current level of the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The closest time interval in terms of CO2 content is the warming of the Middle Pliocene between 3 and 4 million years ago, when the CO2 content in the atmosphere was 450–500 ppm against approximately 420 ppm at present. Paleo-climate reconstructions for this period estimate the global temperature to be 3.0–3.5±0.5 °C higher than at the end of the 19th century. Summer air temperatures in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere exceeded the current ones by 8–10 °C, and the sea ice in the Arctic shelf seas was completely absent in the summer. Empirical data and model simulations have shown that presently the main driver of the reduction of the Arctic sea ice area is the increase in concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. At the present time old sea ice tends to be replaced by seasonal ice ...
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author I. I. Borzenkova
A. A. Ershova
E. L. Zhiltsova
K. O. Shapovalova
author_facet I. I. Borzenkova
A. A. Ershova
E. L. Zhiltsova
K. O. Shapovalova
author_sort I. I. Borzenkova
title Arctic sea ice in the light of current and past climate changes
title_short Arctic sea ice in the light of current and past climate changes
title_full Arctic sea ice in the light of current and past climate changes
title_fullStr Arctic sea ice in the light of current and past climate changes
title_full_unstemmed Arctic sea ice in the light of current and past climate changes
title_sort arctic sea ice in the light of current and past climate changes
publisher Nauka
publishDate 2021
url https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673421040106
https://doaj.org/article/c6983e39e46a4c558d1ab569a5d95355
geographic Arctic
geographic_facet Arctic
genre Arctic
North Atlantic
Sea ice
Арктика
Морской лёд
genre_facet Arctic
North Atlantic
Sea ice
Арктика
Морской лёд
op_source Лëд и снег, Vol 61, Iss 4, Pp 533-546 (2021)
op_relation https://ice-snow.igras.ru/jour/article/view/932
https://doaj.org/toc/2076-6734
https://doaj.org/toc/2412-3765
2076-6734
2412-3765
doi:10.31857/S2076673421040106
https://doaj.org/article/c6983e39e46a4c558d1ab569a5d95355
op_doi https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673421040106
container_title Ice and Snow
container_volume 61
container_issue 4
container_start_page 533
op_container_end_page 546
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