Dose and time dependence of box jellyfish antivenom
Background The effectiveness of the currently available box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri) antivenom has been subject of debate for many years. To assess whether the box jellyfish antivenom has the ability to attenuate venom-induced damage at cellular level, the present study analyzed the dose and ti...
Published in: | Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
SciELO
2014
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/1678-9199-20-34 https://doaj.org/article/c5930a8876a740be9cfda7e583f77479 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c5930a8876a740be9cfda7e583f77479 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c5930a8876a740be9cfda7e583f77479 2023-05-15T15:12:56+02:00 Dose and time dependence of box jellyfish antivenom Athena Andreosso Michael J Smout Jamie E Seymour 2014-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1678-9199-20-34 https://doaj.org/article/c5930a8876a740be9cfda7e583f77479 EN eng SciELO http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200335&lng=en&tlng=en https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 1678-9199 doi:10.1186/1678-9199-20-34 https://doaj.org/article/c5930a8876a740be9cfda7e583f77479 Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 20, Iss 0, Pp 03-05 (2014) Chironex fleckeri Antivenom Venom Dose–response curve Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1678-9199-20-34 2022-12-31T06:22:47Z Background The effectiveness of the currently available box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri) antivenom has been subject of debate for many years. To assess whether the box jellyfish antivenom has the ability to attenuate venom-induced damage at cellular level, the present study analyzed the dose and time dependence of the antivenom in a cell-based assay. Methods Different doses of antivenom were added to venom and subsequently administered to cells and the cell index was measured using xCelligence Technology (ACEA Biosciences). Similarly, antivenom and venom were incubated over different time periods and cell survival measured as stated above. For both experiments, the cell index was plotted as a measure of cell survival against the dose or incubation time and significance was determined with the use of a one-way ANOVA with a LSD post hoc test. Results Increasing concentrations of antivenom significantly augmented cell survival, with a concentration of approximately five times the currently recommended dose for human envenomation, causing the first significant increase in cell survival compared venom alone. Further, cell survival improved with increasing incubation time of venom and antivenom prior to addition to the cells, indicating that box jellyfish antivenom requires approximately 70 minutes to neutralize C. fleckeri venom. Conclusion The presented results suggest that the currently recommended dose of antivenom requires adjustment, and more importantly, a human trial to test the effects of higher concentrations is also necessary. Further, antivenom has delayed neutralizing effects (i.e. after 70 minutes) which underlines the eminence of immediate and prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation in victims suffering from a C. fleckeri venom-induced cardiovascular collapse. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 20 1 34 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Chironex fleckeri Antivenom Venom Dose–response curve Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
spellingShingle |
Chironex fleckeri Antivenom Venom Dose–response curve Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 Athena Andreosso Michael J Smout Jamie E Seymour Dose and time dependence of box jellyfish antivenom |
topic_facet |
Chironex fleckeri Antivenom Venom Dose–response curve Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
Background The effectiveness of the currently available box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri) antivenom has been subject of debate for many years. To assess whether the box jellyfish antivenom has the ability to attenuate venom-induced damage at cellular level, the present study analyzed the dose and time dependence of the antivenom in a cell-based assay. Methods Different doses of antivenom were added to venom and subsequently administered to cells and the cell index was measured using xCelligence Technology (ACEA Biosciences). Similarly, antivenom and venom were incubated over different time periods and cell survival measured as stated above. For both experiments, the cell index was plotted as a measure of cell survival against the dose or incubation time and significance was determined with the use of a one-way ANOVA with a LSD post hoc test. Results Increasing concentrations of antivenom significantly augmented cell survival, with a concentration of approximately five times the currently recommended dose for human envenomation, causing the first significant increase in cell survival compared venom alone. Further, cell survival improved with increasing incubation time of venom and antivenom prior to addition to the cells, indicating that box jellyfish antivenom requires approximately 70 minutes to neutralize C. fleckeri venom. Conclusion The presented results suggest that the currently recommended dose of antivenom requires adjustment, and more importantly, a human trial to test the effects of higher concentrations is also necessary. Further, antivenom has delayed neutralizing effects (i.e. after 70 minutes) which underlines the eminence of immediate and prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation in victims suffering from a C. fleckeri venom-induced cardiovascular collapse. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Athena Andreosso Michael J Smout Jamie E Seymour |
author_facet |
Athena Andreosso Michael J Smout Jamie E Seymour |
author_sort |
Athena Andreosso |
title |
Dose and time dependence of box jellyfish antivenom |
title_short |
Dose and time dependence of box jellyfish antivenom |
title_full |
Dose and time dependence of box jellyfish antivenom |
title_fullStr |
Dose and time dependence of box jellyfish antivenom |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dose and time dependence of box jellyfish antivenom |
title_sort |
dose and time dependence of box jellyfish antivenom |
publisher |
SciELO |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1678-9199-20-34 https://doaj.org/article/c5930a8876a740be9cfda7e583f77479 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 20, Iss 0, Pp 03-05 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200335&lng=en&tlng=en https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 1678-9199 doi:10.1186/1678-9199-20-34 https://doaj.org/article/c5930a8876a740be9cfda7e583f77479 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1678-9199-20-34 |
container_title |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
34 |
_version_ |
1766343549550329856 |