Autumn Frost Hardiness in Six Tree Species Subjected to Different Winter Storage Methods and Planting Dates in Iceland
Winter storage of seedlings in freezers reduces the amount of heat sum available for growth in the following growing season compared to seedlings stored outdoors. To test the effects of a reduced growing period on the autumn frost hardiness of the six species most used in Icelandic afforestation, se...
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MDPI AG
2024
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/f15071164 https://doaj.org/article/c4bf147951a4410385b9454c878d2676 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c4bf147951a4410385b9454c878d2676 2024-09-15T18:14:13+00:00 Autumn Frost Hardiness in Six Tree Species Subjected to Different Winter Storage Methods and Planting Dates in Iceland Rakel J. Jonsdottir Erla Sturludóttir Inger Sundheim Fløistad Brynjar Skulason 2024-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/f15071164 https://doaj.org/article/c4bf147951a4410385b9454c878d2676 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/15/7/1164 https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907 doi:10.3390/f15071164 1999-4907 https://doaj.org/article/c4bf147951a4410385b9454c878d2676 Forests, Vol 15, Iss 7, p 1164 (2024) forest seedlings plant production downy birch Russian larch hybrid larch lodgepole pine Plant ecology QK900-989 article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/f15071164 2024-08-05T17:48:50Z Winter storage of seedlings in freezers reduces the amount of heat sum available for growth in the following growing season compared to seedlings stored outdoors. To test the effects of a reduced growing period on the autumn frost hardiness of the six species most used in Icelandic afforestation, seedlings were stored outdoors or in a freezer during winter. In spring, the seedlings were planted on 24 May, 7 June, 21 June, and 5 July, and the frost hardiness of all treatments was tested on 12 and 26 September. In general, the probability of freezing damage increased with a later planting date, with outdoor-stored seedlings having the lowest probability of damage. The timing of frost events was of great importance; the later the freezing date, the less damage was observed. Growth cessation occurred at different times for each species, and they responded differently to the reduced heat sum. Lodgepole pine and birch accumulated the most frost hardiness in September. Sitka spruce had less autumn frost hardiness than Lutz spruce. Hybrid larch accumulated less frost hardiness than Russian larch and was most sensitive to the reduced heat sum. The results can be used to determine which species should be prioritised in frozen storage with regard to Iceland‘s short growing season. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Forests 15 7 1164 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
forest seedlings plant production downy birch Russian larch hybrid larch lodgepole pine Plant ecology QK900-989 |
spellingShingle |
forest seedlings plant production downy birch Russian larch hybrid larch lodgepole pine Plant ecology QK900-989 Rakel J. Jonsdottir Erla Sturludóttir Inger Sundheim Fløistad Brynjar Skulason Autumn Frost Hardiness in Six Tree Species Subjected to Different Winter Storage Methods and Planting Dates in Iceland |
topic_facet |
forest seedlings plant production downy birch Russian larch hybrid larch lodgepole pine Plant ecology QK900-989 |
description |
Winter storage of seedlings in freezers reduces the amount of heat sum available for growth in the following growing season compared to seedlings stored outdoors. To test the effects of a reduced growing period on the autumn frost hardiness of the six species most used in Icelandic afforestation, seedlings were stored outdoors or in a freezer during winter. In spring, the seedlings were planted on 24 May, 7 June, 21 June, and 5 July, and the frost hardiness of all treatments was tested on 12 and 26 September. In general, the probability of freezing damage increased with a later planting date, with outdoor-stored seedlings having the lowest probability of damage. The timing of frost events was of great importance; the later the freezing date, the less damage was observed. Growth cessation occurred at different times for each species, and they responded differently to the reduced heat sum. Lodgepole pine and birch accumulated the most frost hardiness in September. Sitka spruce had less autumn frost hardiness than Lutz spruce. Hybrid larch accumulated less frost hardiness than Russian larch and was most sensitive to the reduced heat sum. The results can be used to determine which species should be prioritised in frozen storage with regard to Iceland‘s short growing season. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rakel J. Jonsdottir Erla Sturludóttir Inger Sundheim Fløistad Brynjar Skulason |
author_facet |
Rakel J. Jonsdottir Erla Sturludóttir Inger Sundheim Fløistad Brynjar Skulason |
author_sort |
Rakel J. Jonsdottir |
title |
Autumn Frost Hardiness in Six Tree Species Subjected to Different Winter Storage Methods and Planting Dates in Iceland |
title_short |
Autumn Frost Hardiness in Six Tree Species Subjected to Different Winter Storage Methods and Planting Dates in Iceland |
title_full |
Autumn Frost Hardiness in Six Tree Species Subjected to Different Winter Storage Methods and Planting Dates in Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Autumn Frost Hardiness in Six Tree Species Subjected to Different Winter Storage Methods and Planting Dates in Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Autumn Frost Hardiness in Six Tree Species Subjected to Different Winter Storage Methods and Planting Dates in Iceland |
title_sort |
autumn frost hardiness in six tree species subjected to different winter storage methods and planting dates in iceland |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/f15071164 https://doaj.org/article/c4bf147951a4410385b9454c878d2676 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Forests, Vol 15, Iss 7, p 1164 (2024) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/15/7/1164 https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907 doi:10.3390/f15071164 1999-4907 https://doaj.org/article/c4bf147951a4410385b9454c878d2676 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/f15071164 |
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Forests |
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15 |
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1164 |
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1810451997957029888 |