Contribution of Submicron Particles to the Unpolarized and Linearly Polarized Angular Scattering
The scattering by suspended particles is being measured with increasing frequency in the global oceans. Yet, little is known of size fractioned contribution, particularly from submicron particles and to the polarized scattering. In this study, three Mueller scattering matrix elements, P11, P12, and...
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2022
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c3faa19c3d2240c0b96b5aa33c8d7c7b 2023-05-15T17:36:33+02:00 Contribution of Submicron Particles to the Unpolarized and Linearly Polarized Angular Scattering Lianbo Hu Xiaodong Zhang Yuanheng Xiong 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2022.925654 https://doaj.org/article/c3faa19c3d2240c0b96b5aa33c8d7c7b EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsen.2022.925654/full https://doaj.org/toc/2673-6187 2673-6187 doi:10.3389/frsen.2022.925654 https://doaj.org/article/c3faa19c3d2240c0b96b5aa33c8d7c7b Frontiers in Remote Sensing, Vol 3 (2022) ocean optics light scattering linear polarization Mueller scattering matrix submicron particles Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2022.925654 2022-12-30T23:47:28Z The scattering by suspended particles is being measured with increasing frequency in the global oceans. Yet, little is known of size fractioned contribution, particularly from submicron particles and to the polarized scattering. In this study, three Mueller scattering matrix elements, P11, P12, and P22, for the bulk particles and for size fractions <0.2 μm and <0.7/0.8 μm were measured using a commercial instrument LISST-VSF in the North Pacific Ocean in 2018 (NPO-18) and in the North Atlantic Ocean in 2021 (NAO-21). We found that P11 and P12 by particles <0.2 μm each had median value that was very similar between the two sites, even though the variability was greater in the NAO-21 than in the NPO-18. Relatively, particles <0.2 µm accounted for the same fraction of total particle scattering in P11 and P12, approximately 20% at near surface water and 40–60% at deeper depths. In contrast, P11 and P12 by particles <0.7/0.8 μm differed between the two sites, which we found was because particles of sizes 0.25–1.0 µm had greater concentration in the NAO-21 than in the NPO-18. P22 normalized to P11 indicated that the sphericity of particles was the same between submicron and bulk particles in the NPO-18 site, but bulk particles deviated more from sphericity than submicron particles in the NAO-21 site where the experiment took place during a phytoplankton spring bloom. Simulations were conducted using three particle models including homogenous spheres, mix of homogenous/coated spheres, and homogenous asymmetric hexahedra to account for the effects of particle shapes or internal structures on the polarized scattering. Using the size distribution that was measured, each of the models can reproduce some of the scattering features measured in this study, but neither of them can reproduce all. Our results suggest that accurate simulation of the polarized scattering by oceanic particles needs to account for both their nonsphericity and heterogeneity, in addition to the concentration and size distribution of the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Mueller ENVELOPE(55.533,55.533,-66.917,-66.917) Pacific Frontiers in Remote Sensing 3 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
ocean optics light scattering linear polarization Mueller scattering matrix submicron particles Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
spellingShingle |
ocean optics light scattering linear polarization Mueller scattering matrix submicron particles Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Lianbo Hu Xiaodong Zhang Yuanheng Xiong Contribution of Submicron Particles to the Unpolarized and Linearly Polarized Angular Scattering |
topic_facet |
ocean optics light scattering linear polarization Mueller scattering matrix submicron particles Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
The scattering by suspended particles is being measured with increasing frequency in the global oceans. Yet, little is known of size fractioned contribution, particularly from submicron particles and to the polarized scattering. In this study, three Mueller scattering matrix elements, P11, P12, and P22, for the bulk particles and for size fractions <0.2 μm and <0.7/0.8 μm were measured using a commercial instrument LISST-VSF in the North Pacific Ocean in 2018 (NPO-18) and in the North Atlantic Ocean in 2021 (NAO-21). We found that P11 and P12 by particles <0.2 μm each had median value that was very similar between the two sites, even though the variability was greater in the NAO-21 than in the NPO-18. Relatively, particles <0.2 µm accounted for the same fraction of total particle scattering in P11 and P12, approximately 20% at near surface water and 40–60% at deeper depths. In contrast, P11 and P12 by particles <0.7/0.8 μm differed between the two sites, which we found was because particles of sizes 0.25–1.0 µm had greater concentration in the NAO-21 than in the NPO-18. P22 normalized to P11 indicated that the sphericity of particles was the same between submicron and bulk particles in the NPO-18 site, but bulk particles deviated more from sphericity than submicron particles in the NAO-21 site where the experiment took place during a phytoplankton spring bloom. Simulations were conducted using three particle models including homogenous spheres, mix of homogenous/coated spheres, and homogenous asymmetric hexahedra to account for the effects of particle shapes or internal structures on the polarized scattering. Using the size distribution that was measured, each of the models can reproduce some of the scattering features measured in this study, but neither of them can reproduce all. Our results suggest that accurate simulation of the polarized scattering by oceanic particles needs to account for both their nonsphericity and heterogeneity, in addition to the concentration and size distribution of the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lianbo Hu Xiaodong Zhang Yuanheng Xiong |
author_facet |
Lianbo Hu Xiaodong Zhang Yuanheng Xiong |
author_sort |
Lianbo Hu |
title |
Contribution of Submicron Particles to the Unpolarized and Linearly Polarized Angular Scattering |
title_short |
Contribution of Submicron Particles to the Unpolarized and Linearly Polarized Angular Scattering |
title_full |
Contribution of Submicron Particles to the Unpolarized and Linearly Polarized Angular Scattering |
title_fullStr |
Contribution of Submicron Particles to the Unpolarized and Linearly Polarized Angular Scattering |
title_full_unstemmed |
Contribution of Submicron Particles to the Unpolarized and Linearly Polarized Angular Scattering |
title_sort |
contribution of submicron particles to the unpolarized and linearly polarized angular scattering |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2022.925654 https://doaj.org/article/c3faa19c3d2240c0b96b5aa33c8d7c7b |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(55.533,55.533,-66.917,-66.917) |
geographic |
Mueller Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Mueller Pacific |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Frontiers in Remote Sensing, Vol 3 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsen.2022.925654/full https://doaj.org/toc/2673-6187 2673-6187 doi:10.3389/frsen.2022.925654 https://doaj.org/article/c3faa19c3d2240c0b96b5aa33c8d7c7b |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2022.925654 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
3 |
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1766136078096400384 |