Variability in Temporal Characteristics of the South Eastern Indian Ocean Pygmy Blue Whale Song
The temporal characteristics of whale song are considered to be amongst the most stable elements of song production, though very few studies have looked at the timing of discrete sounds or the silences between them. This study indicates that the temporal characteristics of the song of the southeast...
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Animal Behavior and Cognition
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c11e221b144c4bc994d99b6945eb852e 2023-10-01T03:55:08+02:00 Variability in Temporal Characteristics of the South Eastern Indian Ocean Pygmy Blue Whale Song Capri D. Jolliffe Robert. D. McCauley Alexander N. Gavrilov 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.10.03.02.2023 https://doaj.org/article/c11e221b144c4bc994d99b6945eb852e EN eng Animal Behavior and Cognition https://www.animalbehaviorandcognition.org/uploads/journals/53/2%20Jolliffe_et_al_ABC_10(3).pdf https://doaj.org/toc/2372-4323 doi:10.26451/abc.10.03.02.2023 2372-4323 https://doaj.org/article/c11e221b144c4bc994d99b6945eb852e Animal Behavior and Cognition, Vol 10, Iss 3, Pp 211-231 (2023) blue whale song interval song variability bioacoustics behavior whale song Zoology QL1-991 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.10.03.02.2023 2023-09-03T00:54:36Z The temporal characteristics of whale song are considered to be amongst the most stable elements of song production, though very few studies have looked at the timing of discrete sounds or the silences between them. This study indicates that the temporal characteristics of the song of the southeast Indian Ocean pygmy blue (SEIOPB) whale are highly variable. While the song repetition interval, or inter-song interval (ISI), appeared to remain consistent within a song event, defined as a consistent bout of singing presumed to come from an individual animal, it was found to be variable between song events. Song structure was a confounding factor in the analysis of variability in ISI with songs comprised of longer phrases naturally having a longer song repetition interval. The songs of the SEIOPB whale are characteristic of the species with only three primary song types. The three-unit song (units I, II and III) has the longest mean ISI of ~ 200 s, approximately twice that of songs composed of only two units (II and III) at a mean of ~ 100 s ISI which is approximately twice the ISI of a one-unit song (unit II only). The results of this study suggest that variability in ISI cannot be attributed to change in one element of a song but is driven by temporal changes in all elements of the song including phrase structure, unit duration and the length of the intervals between song units. Thus, the temporal characteristics of blue whale song appear to be under the control of the animal and may vary between individual whales, and within songs of an individual. It is concluded that the temporal characteristics of song potentially encode contextual information about the singer and may be influenced by audience effects, including audience composition and singer density. Article in Journal/Newspaper Blue whale Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Indian Isi ENVELOPE(-38.550,-38.550,65.617,65.617) Animal Behavior and Cognition 10 3 211 231 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
blue whale song interval song variability bioacoustics behavior whale song Zoology QL1-991 |
spellingShingle |
blue whale song interval song variability bioacoustics behavior whale song Zoology QL1-991 Capri D. Jolliffe Robert. D. McCauley Alexander N. Gavrilov Variability in Temporal Characteristics of the South Eastern Indian Ocean Pygmy Blue Whale Song |
topic_facet |
blue whale song interval song variability bioacoustics behavior whale song Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
The temporal characteristics of whale song are considered to be amongst the most stable elements of song production, though very few studies have looked at the timing of discrete sounds or the silences between them. This study indicates that the temporal characteristics of the song of the southeast Indian Ocean pygmy blue (SEIOPB) whale are highly variable. While the song repetition interval, or inter-song interval (ISI), appeared to remain consistent within a song event, defined as a consistent bout of singing presumed to come from an individual animal, it was found to be variable between song events. Song structure was a confounding factor in the analysis of variability in ISI with songs comprised of longer phrases naturally having a longer song repetition interval. The songs of the SEIOPB whale are characteristic of the species with only three primary song types. The three-unit song (units I, II and III) has the longest mean ISI of ~ 200 s, approximately twice that of songs composed of only two units (II and III) at a mean of ~ 100 s ISI which is approximately twice the ISI of a one-unit song (unit II only). The results of this study suggest that variability in ISI cannot be attributed to change in one element of a song but is driven by temporal changes in all elements of the song including phrase structure, unit duration and the length of the intervals between song units. Thus, the temporal characteristics of blue whale song appear to be under the control of the animal and may vary between individual whales, and within songs of an individual. It is concluded that the temporal characteristics of song potentially encode contextual information about the singer and may be influenced by audience effects, including audience composition and singer density. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Capri D. Jolliffe Robert. D. McCauley Alexander N. Gavrilov |
author_facet |
Capri D. Jolliffe Robert. D. McCauley Alexander N. Gavrilov |
author_sort |
Capri D. Jolliffe |
title |
Variability in Temporal Characteristics of the South Eastern Indian Ocean Pygmy Blue Whale Song |
title_short |
Variability in Temporal Characteristics of the South Eastern Indian Ocean Pygmy Blue Whale Song |
title_full |
Variability in Temporal Characteristics of the South Eastern Indian Ocean Pygmy Blue Whale Song |
title_fullStr |
Variability in Temporal Characteristics of the South Eastern Indian Ocean Pygmy Blue Whale Song |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variability in Temporal Characteristics of the South Eastern Indian Ocean Pygmy Blue Whale Song |
title_sort |
variability in temporal characteristics of the south eastern indian ocean pygmy blue whale song |
publisher |
Animal Behavior and Cognition |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.10.03.02.2023 https://doaj.org/article/c11e221b144c4bc994d99b6945eb852e |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-38.550,-38.550,65.617,65.617) |
geographic |
Indian Isi |
geographic_facet |
Indian Isi |
genre |
Blue whale |
genre_facet |
Blue whale |
op_source |
Animal Behavior and Cognition, Vol 10, Iss 3, Pp 211-231 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.animalbehaviorandcognition.org/uploads/journals/53/2%20Jolliffe_et_al_ABC_10(3).pdf https://doaj.org/toc/2372-4323 doi:10.26451/abc.10.03.02.2023 2372-4323 https://doaj.org/article/c11e221b144c4bc994d99b6945eb852e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.10.03.02.2023 |
container_title |
Animal Behavior and Cognition |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
211 |
op_container_end_page |
231 |
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1778523327026954240 |