Single-Snapshot Direction of Arrival Estimation for Vehicle-Mounted Millimeter-Wave Radar via Fast Deterministic Maximum Likelihood Algorithm
As one of the fundamental vehicular perception technologies, millimeter-wave radar’s accuracy in angle measurement affects the decision-making and control of vehicles. In order to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation of radar systems, a super-resolution an...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c02be6b575c44735b8214344510d5d07 2024-09-15T18:03:50+00:00 Single-Snapshot Direction of Arrival Estimation for Vehicle-Mounted Millimeter-Wave Radar via Fast Deterministic Maximum Likelihood Algorithm Hong Liu Han Xie Zhen Wang Xianling Wang Donghang Chai 2024-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15070321 https://doaj.org/article/c02be6b575c44735b8214344510d5d07 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/15/7/321 https://doaj.org/toc/2032-6653 doi:10.3390/wevj15070321 2032-6653 https://doaj.org/article/c02be6b575c44735b8214344510d5d07 World Electric Vehicle Journal, Vol 15, Iss 7, p 321 (2024) DoA estimation FDML millimeter-wave radar super-resolution Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Transportation engineering TA1001-1280 article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15070321 2024-08-05T17:48:50Z As one of the fundamental vehicular perception technologies, millimeter-wave radar’s accuracy in angle measurement affects the decision-making and control of vehicles. In order to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation of radar systems, a super-resolution angle measurement strategy based on the Fast Deterministic Maximum Likelihood (FDML) algorithm is proposed in this paper. This strategy sequentially uses Digital Beamforming (DBF) and Deterministic Maximum Likelihood (DML) in the Field of View (FoV) to perform a rough search and precise search, respectively. In a simulation with a signal-to-noise ratio of 20 dB, FDML can accurately determine the target angle in just 16.8 ms, with a positioning error of less than 0.7010. DBF, the Iterative Adaptive Approach (IAA), DML, Fast Iterative Adaptive Approach (FIAA), and FDML are subjected to simulation with two targets, and their performance is compared in this paper. The results demonstrate that under the same angular resolution, FDML reduces computation time by <semantics> 99.30 % </semantics> and angle measurement error by <semantics> 87.17 % </semantics> compared with the angular measurement results of two targets. The FDML algorithm significantly improves computational efficiency while ensuring measurement performance. It provides more reliable technical support for autonomous vehicles and lays a solid foundation for the advancement of autonomous driving technology. Article in Journal/Newspaper DML Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles World Electric Vehicle Journal 15 7 321 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
DoA estimation FDML millimeter-wave radar super-resolution Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Transportation engineering TA1001-1280 |
spellingShingle |
DoA estimation FDML millimeter-wave radar super-resolution Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Transportation engineering TA1001-1280 Hong Liu Han Xie Zhen Wang Xianling Wang Donghang Chai Single-Snapshot Direction of Arrival Estimation for Vehicle-Mounted Millimeter-Wave Radar via Fast Deterministic Maximum Likelihood Algorithm |
topic_facet |
DoA estimation FDML millimeter-wave radar super-resolution Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Transportation engineering TA1001-1280 |
description |
As one of the fundamental vehicular perception technologies, millimeter-wave radar’s accuracy in angle measurement affects the decision-making and control of vehicles. In order to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation of radar systems, a super-resolution angle measurement strategy based on the Fast Deterministic Maximum Likelihood (FDML) algorithm is proposed in this paper. This strategy sequentially uses Digital Beamforming (DBF) and Deterministic Maximum Likelihood (DML) in the Field of View (FoV) to perform a rough search and precise search, respectively. In a simulation with a signal-to-noise ratio of 20 dB, FDML can accurately determine the target angle in just 16.8 ms, with a positioning error of less than 0.7010. DBF, the Iterative Adaptive Approach (IAA), DML, Fast Iterative Adaptive Approach (FIAA), and FDML are subjected to simulation with two targets, and their performance is compared in this paper. The results demonstrate that under the same angular resolution, FDML reduces computation time by <semantics> 99.30 % </semantics> and angle measurement error by <semantics> 87.17 % </semantics> compared with the angular measurement results of two targets. The FDML algorithm significantly improves computational efficiency while ensuring measurement performance. It provides more reliable technical support for autonomous vehicles and lays a solid foundation for the advancement of autonomous driving technology. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hong Liu Han Xie Zhen Wang Xianling Wang Donghang Chai |
author_facet |
Hong Liu Han Xie Zhen Wang Xianling Wang Donghang Chai |
author_sort |
Hong Liu |
title |
Single-Snapshot Direction of Arrival Estimation for Vehicle-Mounted Millimeter-Wave Radar via Fast Deterministic Maximum Likelihood Algorithm |
title_short |
Single-Snapshot Direction of Arrival Estimation for Vehicle-Mounted Millimeter-Wave Radar via Fast Deterministic Maximum Likelihood Algorithm |
title_full |
Single-Snapshot Direction of Arrival Estimation for Vehicle-Mounted Millimeter-Wave Radar via Fast Deterministic Maximum Likelihood Algorithm |
title_fullStr |
Single-Snapshot Direction of Arrival Estimation for Vehicle-Mounted Millimeter-Wave Radar via Fast Deterministic Maximum Likelihood Algorithm |
title_full_unstemmed |
Single-Snapshot Direction of Arrival Estimation for Vehicle-Mounted Millimeter-Wave Radar via Fast Deterministic Maximum Likelihood Algorithm |
title_sort |
single-snapshot direction of arrival estimation for vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar via fast deterministic maximum likelihood algorithm |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15070321 https://doaj.org/article/c02be6b575c44735b8214344510d5d07 |
genre |
DML |
genre_facet |
DML |
op_source |
World Electric Vehicle Journal, Vol 15, Iss 7, p 321 (2024) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/15/7/321 https://doaj.org/toc/2032-6653 doi:10.3390/wevj15070321 2032-6653 https://doaj.org/article/c02be6b575c44735b8214344510d5d07 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15070321 |
container_title |
World Electric Vehicle Journal |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
321 |
_version_ |
1810441290991534080 |