Epidemiological consequences of immune sensitisation by pre-exposure to vector saliva.
Blood-feeding arthropods-like mosquitoes, sand flies, and ticks-transmit many diseases that impose serious public health and economic burdens. When a blood-feeding arthropod bites a mammal, it injects saliva containing immunogenic compounds that facilitate feeding. Evidence from Leishmania, Plasmodi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bff412c2c1974932911132db5a33f55b 2023-05-15T15:14:40+02:00 Epidemiological consequences of immune sensitisation by pre-exposure to vector saliva. Tsukushi Kamiya Megan A Greischar Nicole Mideo 2017-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005956 https://doaj.org/article/bff412c2c1974932911132db5a33f55b EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5648264?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005956 https://doaj.org/article/bff412c2c1974932911132db5a33f55b PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 10, p e0005956 (2017) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005956 2022-12-31T16:28:27Z Blood-feeding arthropods-like mosquitoes, sand flies, and ticks-transmit many diseases that impose serious public health and economic burdens. When a blood-feeding arthropod bites a mammal, it injects saliva containing immunogenic compounds that facilitate feeding. Evidence from Leishmania, Plasmodium and arboviral infections suggests that the immune responses elicited by pre-exposure to arthropod saliva can alter disease progression if the host later becomes infected. Such pre-sensitisation of host immunity has been reported to both exacerbate and limit infection symptoms, depending on the system in question, with potential implications for recovery. To explore if and how immune pre-sensitisation alters the effects of vector control, we develop a general model of vector-borne disease. We show that the abundance of pre-sensitised infected hosts should increase when control efforts moderately increase vector mortality rates. If immune pre-sensitisation leads to more rapid clearance of infection, increasing vector mortality rates may achieve greater than expected disease control. However, when immune pre-sensitisation prolongs the duration of infection, e.g., through mildly symptomatic cases for which treatment is unlikely to be sought, vector control can actually increase the total number of infected hosts. The rising infections may go unnoticed unless active surveillance methods are used to detect such sub-clinical individuals, who could provide long-lasting reservoirs for transmission and suffer long-term health consequences of those sub-clinical infections. Sensitivity analysis suggests that these negative consequences could be mitigated through integrated vector management. While the effect of saliva pre-exposure on acute symptoms is well-studied for leishmaniasis, the immunological and clinical consequences are largely uncharted for other vector-parasite-host combinations. We find a large range of plausible epidemiological outcomes, positive and negative for public health, underscoring the need to quantify ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11 10 e0005956 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Tsukushi Kamiya Megan A Greischar Nicole Mideo Epidemiological consequences of immune sensitisation by pre-exposure to vector saliva. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Blood-feeding arthropods-like mosquitoes, sand flies, and ticks-transmit many diseases that impose serious public health and economic burdens. When a blood-feeding arthropod bites a mammal, it injects saliva containing immunogenic compounds that facilitate feeding. Evidence from Leishmania, Plasmodium and arboviral infections suggests that the immune responses elicited by pre-exposure to arthropod saliva can alter disease progression if the host later becomes infected. Such pre-sensitisation of host immunity has been reported to both exacerbate and limit infection symptoms, depending on the system in question, with potential implications for recovery. To explore if and how immune pre-sensitisation alters the effects of vector control, we develop a general model of vector-borne disease. We show that the abundance of pre-sensitised infected hosts should increase when control efforts moderately increase vector mortality rates. If immune pre-sensitisation leads to more rapid clearance of infection, increasing vector mortality rates may achieve greater than expected disease control. However, when immune pre-sensitisation prolongs the duration of infection, e.g., through mildly symptomatic cases for which treatment is unlikely to be sought, vector control can actually increase the total number of infected hosts. The rising infections may go unnoticed unless active surveillance methods are used to detect such sub-clinical individuals, who could provide long-lasting reservoirs for transmission and suffer long-term health consequences of those sub-clinical infections. Sensitivity analysis suggests that these negative consequences could be mitigated through integrated vector management. While the effect of saliva pre-exposure on acute symptoms is well-studied for leishmaniasis, the immunological and clinical consequences are largely uncharted for other vector-parasite-host combinations. We find a large range of plausible epidemiological outcomes, positive and negative for public health, underscoring the need to quantify ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tsukushi Kamiya Megan A Greischar Nicole Mideo |
author_facet |
Tsukushi Kamiya Megan A Greischar Nicole Mideo |
author_sort |
Tsukushi Kamiya |
title |
Epidemiological consequences of immune sensitisation by pre-exposure to vector saliva. |
title_short |
Epidemiological consequences of immune sensitisation by pre-exposure to vector saliva. |
title_full |
Epidemiological consequences of immune sensitisation by pre-exposure to vector saliva. |
title_fullStr |
Epidemiological consequences of immune sensitisation by pre-exposure to vector saliva. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Epidemiological consequences of immune sensitisation by pre-exposure to vector saliva. |
title_sort |
epidemiological consequences of immune sensitisation by pre-exposure to vector saliva. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005956 https://doaj.org/article/bff412c2c1974932911132db5a33f55b |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 10, p e0005956 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5648264?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005956 https://doaj.org/article/bff412c2c1974932911132db5a33f55b |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005956 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
e0005956 |
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1766345091828416512 |