Do frogs get their kicks on Route 66? Continental U.S. transect reveals spatial and temporal patterns of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection.
The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been devastating amphibians globally. Two general scenarios have been proposed for the nature and spread of this pathogen: Bd is an epidemic, spreading as a wave and wiping out individuals, populations, and species in its path; and Bd is end...
Published in: | PLoS ONE |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2011
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022211 https://doaj.org/article/bfc11813582d4a38897eab2a2fc69f9d |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bfc11813582d4a38897eab2a2fc69f9d |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bfc11813582d4a38897eab2a2fc69f9d 2023-05-15T13:46:34+02:00 Do frogs get their kicks on Route 66? Continental U.S. transect reveals spatial and temporal patterns of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection. Michael J Lannoo Christopher Petersen Robert E Lovich Priya Nanjappa Christopher Phillips Joseph C Mitchell Irene Macallister 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022211 https://doaj.org/article/bfc11813582d4a38897eab2a2fc69f9d EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3141021?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022211 https://doaj.org/article/bfc11813582d4a38897eab2a2fc69f9d PLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 7, p e22211 (2011) Medicine R Science Q article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022211 2022-12-31T14:56:46Z The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been devastating amphibians globally. Two general scenarios have been proposed for the nature and spread of this pathogen: Bd is an epidemic, spreading as a wave and wiping out individuals, populations, and species in its path; and Bd is endemic, widespread throughout many geographic regions on every continent except Antarctica. To explore these hypotheses, we conducted a transcontinental transect of United States Department of Defense (DoD) installations along U.S. Highway 66 from California to central Illinois, and continuing eastward to the Atlantic Seaboard along U.S. Interstate 64 (in sum from Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton in California to Naval Air Station Oceana in Virginia). We addressed the following questions: 1) Does Bd occur in amphibian populations on protected DoD environments? 2) Is there a temporal pattern to the presence of Bd? 3) Is there a spatial pattern to the presence of Bd? and 4) In these limited human-traffic areas, is Bd acting as an epidemic (i.e., with evidence of recent introduction and/or die-offs due to chytridiomycosis), or as an endemic (present without clinical signs of disease)? Bd was detected on 13 of the 15 bases sampled. Samples from 30 amphibian species were collected (10% of known United States' species); half (15) tested Bd positive. There was a strong temporal (seasonal) component; in total, 78.5% of all positive samples came in the first (spring/early-summer) sampling period. There was also a strong spatial component--the eleven temperate DoD installations had higher prevalences of Bd infection (20.8%) than the four arid (<60 mm annual precipitation) bases (8.5%). These data support the conclusion that Bd is now widespread, and promote the idea that Bd can today be considered endemic across much of North America, extending from coast-to-coast, with the exception of remote pockets of naïve populations. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Oceana ENVELOPE(-59.783,-59.783,-65.133,-65.133) Pendleton ENVELOPE(-66.450,-66.450,-65.983,-65.983) PLoS ONE 6 7 e22211 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Michael J Lannoo Christopher Petersen Robert E Lovich Priya Nanjappa Christopher Phillips Joseph C Mitchell Irene Macallister Do frogs get their kicks on Route 66? Continental U.S. transect reveals spatial and temporal patterns of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been devastating amphibians globally. Two general scenarios have been proposed for the nature and spread of this pathogen: Bd is an epidemic, spreading as a wave and wiping out individuals, populations, and species in its path; and Bd is endemic, widespread throughout many geographic regions on every continent except Antarctica. To explore these hypotheses, we conducted a transcontinental transect of United States Department of Defense (DoD) installations along U.S. Highway 66 from California to central Illinois, and continuing eastward to the Atlantic Seaboard along U.S. Interstate 64 (in sum from Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton in California to Naval Air Station Oceana in Virginia). We addressed the following questions: 1) Does Bd occur in amphibian populations on protected DoD environments? 2) Is there a temporal pattern to the presence of Bd? 3) Is there a spatial pattern to the presence of Bd? and 4) In these limited human-traffic areas, is Bd acting as an epidemic (i.e., with evidence of recent introduction and/or die-offs due to chytridiomycosis), or as an endemic (present without clinical signs of disease)? Bd was detected on 13 of the 15 bases sampled. Samples from 30 amphibian species were collected (10% of known United States' species); half (15) tested Bd positive. There was a strong temporal (seasonal) component; in total, 78.5% of all positive samples came in the first (spring/early-summer) sampling period. There was also a strong spatial component--the eleven temperate DoD installations had higher prevalences of Bd infection (20.8%) than the four arid (<60 mm annual precipitation) bases (8.5%). These data support the conclusion that Bd is now widespread, and promote the idea that Bd can today be considered endemic across much of North America, extending from coast-to-coast, with the exception of remote pockets of naïve populations. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Michael J Lannoo Christopher Petersen Robert E Lovich Priya Nanjappa Christopher Phillips Joseph C Mitchell Irene Macallister |
author_facet |
Michael J Lannoo Christopher Petersen Robert E Lovich Priya Nanjappa Christopher Phillips Joseph C Mitchell Irene Macallister |
author_sort |
Michael J Lannoo |
title |
Do frogs get their kicks on Route 66? Continental U.S. transect reveals spatial and temporal patterns of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection. |
title_short |
Do frogs get their kicks on Route 66? Continental U.S. transect reveals spatial and temporal patterns of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection. |
title_full |
Do frogs get their kicks on Route 66? Continental U.S. transect reveals spatial and temporal patterns of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection. |
title_fullStr |
Do frogs get their kicks on Route 66? Continental U.S. transect reveals spatial and temporal patterns of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Do frogs get their kicks on Route 66? Continental U.S. transect reveals spatial and temporal patterns of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection. |
title_sort |
do frogs get their kicks on route 66? continental u.s. transect reveals spatial and temporal patterns of batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022211 https://doaj.org/article/bfc11813582d4a38897eab2a2fc69f9d |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-59.783,-59.783,-65.133,-65.133) ENVELOPE(-66.450,-66.450,-65.983,-65.983) |
geographic |
Oceana Pendleton |
geographic_facet |
Oceana Pendleton |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 7, p e22211 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3141021?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022211 https://doaj.org/article/bfc11813582d4a38897eab2a2fc69f9d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022211 |
container_title |
PLoS ONE |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
e22211 |
_version_ |
1766244320018432000 |