Major sources of North Atlantic Deep Water in the subpolar North Atlantic from Lagrangian analyses in an eddy-rich ocean model
The North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) is a crucial component of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and is therefore an important factor of the climate system. In order to estimate the mean relative contributions, sources, and pathways of the NADW at the southern exit of the Labrador Sea,...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:beb74419323c4d1c81d009c98e647aa9 2023-05-15T16:00:40+02:00 Major sources of North Atlantic Deep Water in the subpolar North Atlantic from Lagrangian analyses in an eddy-rich ocean model J. Fröhle P. V. K. Handmann A. Biastoch 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1431-2022 https://doaj.org/article/beb74419323c4d1c81d009c98e647aa9 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://os.copernicus.org/articles/18/1431/2022/os-18-1431-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1812-0784 https://doaj.org/toc/1812-0792 doi:10.5194/os-18-1431-2022 1812-0784 1812-0792 https://doaj.org/article/beb74419323c4d1c81d009c98e647aa9 Ocean Science, Vol 18, Pp 1431-1450 (2022) Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1431-2022 2022-12-30T23:26:33Z The North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) is a crucial component of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and is therefore an important factor of the climate system. In order to estimate the mean relative contributions, sources, and pathways of the NADW at the southern exit of the Labrador Sea, a Lagrangian particle experiment is performed. The particles were seeded according to the strength of the velocity field along the 53 ∘ N section and traced 40 years backward in time in the three-dimensional velocity and hydrography field. The resulting transport pathways, their sources and corresponding transit timescales were inferred. Our experiment shows that, of the 30.1 Sv of NADW passing 53 ∘ N on average, the majority of this water is associated with a diapycnal mass flux without contact to the atmosphere, accounting for 14.3 Sv (48 %), where 6.2 Sv originate from the Labrador Sea, compared to 4.7 Sv from the Irminger Sea. The second-largest contribution originates from the mixed layer with 7.2 Sv (24 %), where the Labrador Sea contribution (5.9 Sv) dominates over the Irminger Sea contribution (1.0 Sv). Another 5.7 Sv (19 %) of NADW crosses the Greenland–Scotland Ridge within the NADW density class, where about two-thirds pass the Denmark Strait, while one-third crosses the Iceland–Scotland Ridge. The NADW exported at 53 ∘ N is hence dominated by entrainment through the diapycnal mass flux and mixed-layer origin in the Labrador Sea. Article in Journal/Newspaper Denmark Strait Greenland Greenland-Scotland Ridge Iceland Labrador Sea NADW North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Greenland Irminger Sea ENVELOPE(-34.041,-34.041,63.054,63.054) Ocean Science 18 5 1431 1450 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Environmental sciences GE1-350 J. Fröhle P. V. K. Handmann A. Biastoch Major sources of North Atlantic Deep Water in the subpolar North Atlantic from Lagrangian analyses in an eddy-rich ocean model |
topic_facet |
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
The North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) is a crucial component of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and is therefore an important factor of the climate system. In order to estimate the mean relative contributions, sources, and pathways of the NADW at the southern exit of the Labrador Sea, a Lagrangian particle experiment is performed. The particles were seeded according to the strength of the velocity field along the 53 ∘ N section and traced 40 years backward in time in the three-dimensional velocity and hydrography field. The resulting transport pathways, their sources and corresponding transit timescales were inferred. Our experiment shows that, of the 30.1 Sv of NADW passing 53 ∘ N on average, the majority of this water is associated with a diapycnal mass flux without contact to the atmosphere, accounting for 14.3 Sv (48 %), where 6.2 Sv originate from the Labrador Sea, compared to 4.7 Sv from the Irminger Sea. The second-largest contribution originates from the mixed layer with 7.2 Sv (24 %), where the Labrador Sea contribution (5.9 Sv) dominates over the Irminger Sea contribution (1.0 Sv). Another 5.7 Sv (19 %) of NADW crosses the Greenland–Scotland Ridge within the NADW density class, where about two-thirds pass the Denmark Strait, while one-third crosses the Iceland–Scotland Ridge. The NADW exported at 53 ∘ N is hence dominated by entrainment through the diapycnal mass flux and mixed-layer origin in the Labrador Sea. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
J. Fröhle P. V. K. Handmann A. Biastoch |
author_facet |
J. Fröhle P. V. K. Handmann A. Biastoch |
author_sort |
J. Fröhle |
title |
Major sources of North Atlantic Deep Water in the subpolar North Atlantic from Lagrangian analyses in an eddy-rich ocean model |
title_short |
Major sources of North Atlantic Deep Water in the subpolar North Atlantic from Lagrangian analyses in an eddy-rich ocean model |
title_full |
Major sources of North Atlantic Deep Water in the subpolar North Atlantic from Lagrangian analyses in an eddy-rich ocean model |
title_fullStr |
Major sources of North Atlantic Deep Water in the subpolar North Atlantic from Lagrangian analyses in an eddy-rich ocean model |
title_full_unstemmed |
Major sources of North Atlantic Deep Water in the subpolar North Atlantic from Lagrangian analyses in an eddy-rich ocean model |
title_sort |
major sources of north atlantic deep water in the subpolar north atlantic from lagrangian analyses in an eddy-rich ocean model |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1431-2022 https://doaj.org/article/beb74419323c4d1c81d009c98e647aa9 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-34.041,-34.041,63.054,63.054) |
geographic |
Greenland Irminger Sea |
geographic_facet |
Greenland Irminger Sea |
genre |
Denmark Strait Greenland Greenland-Scotland Ridge Iceland Labrador Sea NADW North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Denmark Strait Greenland Greenland-Scotland Ridge Iceland Labrador Sea NADW North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic |
op_source |
Ocean Science, Vol 18, Pp 1431-1450 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://os.copernicus.org/articles/18/1431/2022/os-18-1431-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1812-0784 https://doaj.org/toc/1812-0792 doi:10.5194/os-18-1431-2022 1812-0784 1812-0792 https://doaj.org/article/beb74419323c4d1c81d009c98e647aa9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1431-2022 |
container_title |
Ocean Science |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1431 |
op_container_end_page |
1450 |
_version_ |
1766396685234208768 |