Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget
A set of coupled ocean-atmosphere(-vegetation) simulations using state of the art climate models is now available for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Mid-Holocene (MH) through the second phase of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP2). Here we quantify the latitudinal shift...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bd1ad10d27ed457091cac7d49b736463 2023-05-15T18:18:44+02:00 Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget Y. Zhao Y. Yu L. Weber P. Valdes G. Ramstein U. Merkel O. Marti A. Kitoh M.-F. Loutre M. Kageyama C. D. Hewitt Th. Fichefet E. Driesschaert M. Crucifix A. Abe-Ouchi J.-Y. Peterchmitt S. Joussaume S. Harrison B. Otto-Bliesner P. Braconnot 2007-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doaj.org/article/bd1ad10d27ed457091cac7d49b736463 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.clim-past.net/3/279/2007/cp-3-279-2007.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://doaj.org/article/bd1ad10d27ed457091cac7d49b736463 Climate of the Past, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 279-296 (2007) Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2007 ftdoajarticles 2022-12-30T21:40:03Z A set of coupled ocean-atmosphere(-vegetation) simulations using state of the art climate models is now available for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Mid-Holocene (MH) through the second phase of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP2). Here we quantify the latitudinal shift of the location of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the tropical regions during boreal summer and the change in precipitation in the northern part of the ITCZ. For both periods the shift is more pronounced over the continents and East Asia. The maritime continent is the region where the largest spread is found between models. We also clearly establish that the larger the increase in the meridional temperature gradient in the tropical Atlantic during summer at the MH, the larger the change in precipitation over West Africa. The vegetation feedback is however not as large as found in previous studies, probably due to model differences in the control simulation. Finally, we show that the feedback from snow and sea-ice at mid and high latitudes contributes for half of the cooling in the Northern Hemisphere for the LGM, with the remaining being achieved by the reduced CO 2 and water vapour in the atmosphere. For the MH the snow and albedo feedbacks strengthen the spring cooling and enhance the boreal summer warming, whereas water vapour reinforces the late summer warming. These feedbacks are modest in the Southern Hemisphere. For the LGM most of the surface cooling is due to CO 2 and water vapour. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Y. Zhao Y. Yu L. Weber P. Valdes G. Ramstein U. Merkel O. Marti A. Kitoh M.-F. Loutre M. Kageyama C. D. Hewitt Th. Fichefet E. Driesschaert M. Crucifix A. Abe-Ouchi J.-Y. Peterchmitt S. Joussaume S. Harrison B. Otto-Bliesner P. Braconnot Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
topic_facet |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
A set of coupled ocean-atmosphere(-vegetation) simulations using state of the art climate models is now available for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Mid-Holocene (MH) through the second phase of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP2). Here we quantify the latitudinal shift of the location of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the tropical regions during boreal summer and the change in precipitation in the northern part of the ITCZ. For both periods the shift is more pronounced over the continents and East Asia. The maritime continent is the region where the largest spread is found between models. We also clearly establish that the larger the increase in the meridional temperature gradient in the tropical Atlantic during summer at the MH, the larger the change in precipitation over West Africa. The vegetation feedback is however not as large as found in previous studies, probably due to model differences in the control simulation. Finally, we show that the feedback from snow and sea-ice at mid and high latitudes contributes for half of the cooling in the Northern Hemisphere for the LGM, with the remaining being achieved by the reduced CO 2 and water vapour in the atmosphere. For the MH the snow and albedo feedbacks strengthen the spring cooling and enhance the boreal summer warming, whereas water vapour reinforces the late summer warming. These feedbacks are modest in the Southern Hemisphere. For the LGM most of the surface cooling is due to CO 2 and water vapour. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Y. Zhao Y. Yu L. Weber P. Valdes G. Ramstein U. Merkel O. Marti A. Kitoh M.-F. Loutre M. Kageyama C. D. Hewitt Th. Fichefet E. Driesschaert M. Crucifix A. Abe-Ouchi J.-Y. Peterchmitt S. Joussaume S. Harrison B. Otto-Bliesner P. Braconnot |
author_facet |
Y. Zhao Y. Yu L. Weber P. Valdes G. Ramstein U. Merkel O. Marti A. Kitoh M.-F. Loutre M. Kageyama C. D. Hewitt Th. Fichefet E. Driesschaert M. Crucifix A. Abe-Ouchi J.-Y. Peterchmitt S. Joussaume S. Harrison B. Otto-Bliesner P. Braconnot |
author_sort |
Y. Zhao |
title |
Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
title_short |
Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
title_full |
Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
title_fullStr |
Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
title_full_unstemmed |
Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the ITCZ and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
title_sort |
results of pmip2 coupled simulations of the mid-holocene and last glacial maximum – part 2: feedbacks with emphasis on the location of the itcz and mid- and high latitudes heat budget |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/bd1ad10d27ed457091cac7d49b736463 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
Climate of the Past, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 279-296 (2007) |
op_relation |
http://www.clim-past.net/3/279/2007/cp-3-279-2007.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://doaj.org/article/bd1ad10d27ed457091cac7d49b736463 |
_version_ |
1766195400080883712 |