Effects of Ice-Algal Aggregate Export on the Connectivity of Bacterial Communities in the Central Arctic Ocean
In summer 2012, Arctic sea ice declined to a record minimum and, as a consequence of the melting, large amounts of aggregated ice-algae sank to the seafloor at more than 4,000 m depth. In this study, we assessed the composition, turnover and connectivity of bacterial and microbial eukaryotic communi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bcfce97ee86d40c08c34b8b411b69ba0 2023-05-15T14:45:34+02:00 Effects of Ice-Algal Aggregate Export on the Connectivity of Bacterial Communities in the Central Arctic Ocean Josephine Z. Rapp Mar Fernández-Méndez Christina Bienhold Antje Boetius 2018-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01035 https://doaj.org/article/bcfce97ee86d40c08c34b8b411b69ba0 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01035/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01035 https://doaj.org/article/bcfce97ee86d40c08c34b8b411b69ba0 Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 9 (2018) sea-ice algae deep-sea sediment Illumina tag sequencing microbial eukaryotes sea-ice decline microbial ecology Microbiology QR1-502 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01035 2022-12-30T21:33:53Z In summer 2012, Arctic sea ice declined to a record minimum and, as a consequence of the melting, large amounts of aggregated ice-algae sank to the seafloor at more than 4,000 m depth. In this study, we assessed the composition, turnover and connectivity of bacterial and microbial eukaryotic communities across Arctic habitats from sea ice, algal aggregates and surface waters to the seafloor. Eukaryotic communities were dominated by diatoms, dinoflagellates and other alveolates in all samples, and showed highest richness and diversity in sea-ice habitats (∼400–500 OTUs). Flavobacteriia and Gammaproteobacteria were the predominant bacterial classes across all investigated Arctic habitats. Bacterial community richness and diversity peaked in deep-sea samples (∼1,700 OTUs). Algal aggregate-associated bacterial communities were mainly recruited from the sea-ice community, and were transported to the seafloor with the sinking ice algae. The algal deposits at the seafloor had a unique community structure, with some shared sequences with both the original sea-ice community (22% OTU overlap), as well as with the deep-sea sediment community (17% OTU overlap). We conclude that ice-algal aggregate export does not only affect carbon export from the surface to the seafloor, but may change microbial community composition in central Arctic habitats with potential effects for benthic ecosystem functioning in the future. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean ice algae Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Frontiers in Microbiology 9 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
sea-ice algae deep-sea sediment Illumina tag sequencing microbial eukaryotes sea-ice decline microbial ecology Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
sea-ice algae deep-sea sediment Illumina tag sequencing microbial eukaryotes sea-ice decline microbial ecology Microbiology QR1-502 Josephine Z. Rapp Mar Fernández-Méndez Christina Bienhold Antje Boetius Effects of Ice-Algal Aggregate Export on the Connectivity of Bacterial Communities in the Central Arctic Ocean |
topic_facet |
sea-ice algae deep-sea sediment Illumina tag sequencing microbial eukaryotes sea-ice decline microbial ecology Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
In summer 2012, Arctic sea ice declined to a record minimum and, as a consequence of the melting, large amounts of aggregated ice-algae sank to the seafloor at more than 4,000 m depth. In this study, we assessed the composition, turnover and connectivity of bacterial and microbial eukaryotic communities across Arctic habitats from sea ice, algal aggregates and surface waters to the seafloor. Eukaryotic communities were dominated by diatoms, dinoflagellates and other alveolates in all samples, and showed highest richness and diversity in sea-ice habitats (∼400–500 OTUs). Flavobacteriia and Gammaproteobacteria were the predominant bacterial classes across all investigated Arctic habitats. Bacterial community richness and diversity peaked in deep-sea samples (∼1,700 OTUs). Algal aggregate-associated bacterial communities were mainly recruited from the sea-ice community, and were transported to the seafloor with the sinking ice algae. The algal deposits at the seafloor had a unique community structure, with some shared sequences with both the original sea-ice community (22% OTU overlap), as well as with the deep-sea sediment community (17% OTU overlap). We conclude that ice-algal aggregate export does not only affect carbon export from the surface to the seafloor, but may change microbial community composition in central Arctic habitats with potential effects for benthic ecosystem functioning in the future. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Josephine Z. Rapp Mar Fernández-Méndez Christina Bienhold Antje Boetius |
author_facet |
Josephine Z. Rapp Mar Fernández-Méndez Christina Bienhold Antje Boetius |
author_sort |
Josephine Z. Rapp |
title |
Effects of Ice-Algal Aggregate Export on the Connectivity of Bacterial Communities in the Central Arctic Ocean |
title_short |
Effects of Ice-Algal Aggregate Export on the Connectivity of Bacterial Communities in the Central Arctic Ocean |
title_full |
Effects of Ice-Algal Aggregate Export on the Connectivity of Bacterial Communities in the Central Arctic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Effects of Ice-Algal Aggregate Export on the Connectivity of Bacterial Communities in the Central Arctic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Ice-Algal Aggregate Export on the Connectivity of Bacterial Communities in the Central Arctic Ocean |
title_sort |
effects of ice-algal aggregate export on the connectivity of bacterial communities in the central arctic ocean |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01035 https://doaj.org/article/bcfce97ee86d40c08c34b8b411b69ba0 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean ice algae Sea ice |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 9 (2018) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01035/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01035 https://doaj.org/article/bcfce97ee86d40c08c34b8b411b69ba0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01035 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
9 |
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1766316965315477504 |