Hemolymph of triatomines presents fungistatic activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and improves macrophage function through MCP-I/TNF-α increase
Abstract Background: Triatomines are blood-feeding arthropods belonging to the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera; Reduviidae), capable of producing immunomodulatory and water-soluble molecules in their hemolymph, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In this work, we evaluated the antifungal and imm...
Published in: | Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0124 https://doaj.org/article/bc29e89c613d4f6882c0390bd9cef611 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bc29e89c613d4f6882c0390bd9cef611 2023-05-15T15:17:32+02:00 Hemolymph of triatomines presents fungistatic activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and improves macrophage function through MCP-I/TNF-α increase Luísa Menezes-Silva Jonatas da Silva Catarino Laura Caroline de Faria Bárbara Cristina Pizzolante Leonardo Eurípedes Andrade-Silva Marcos Vinicius da Silva Virmondes Rodrigues Júnior Helioswilton Sales-Campos Carlo José Freire Oliveira 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0124 https://doaj.org/article/bc29e89c613d4f6882c0390bd9cef611 EN eng SciELO http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992022000100316&lng=en&tlng=en http://www.scielo.br/pdf/jvatitd/v28/1678-9199-jvatitd-28-e20210124.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 1678-9199 doi:10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0124 https://doaj.org/article/bc29e89c613d4f6882c0390bd9cef611 Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 28 (2022) Hemolymph Triatomines Macrophages Meccus pallidipennis Rhodnius prolixus Cryptococcus neoformans Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0124 2022-12-30T22:27:14Z Abstract Background: Triatomines are blood-feeding arthropods belonging to the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera; Reduviidae), capable of producing immunomodulatory and water-soluble molecules in their hemolymph, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In this work, we evaluated the antifungal and immunomodulatory activity of the hemolymph of Meccus pallidipennis (MPH) and Rhodnius prolixus (RPH) against Cryptococcus neoformans. Methods: We assessed the activity of the hemolymph of both insects on fungal growth by a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. Further, RAW 264.7 macrophages were cultivated with hemolymph and challenged with C. neoformans. Then, their phagocytic and killing activities were assessed. The cytokines MCP-1, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-6 were measured in culture supernatants 4- and 48-hours post-infection. Results: Both hemolymph samples directly affected the growth rate of the fungus in a dose-dependent manner. Either MPH or RPH was capable of inhibiting fungal growth by at least 70%, using the lowest dilution (1:20). Treatment of RAW 264.7 macrophages with hemolymph of both insects was capable of increasing the production of MCP-I and TNF-α. In addition, when these cells were stimulated with hemolymph in the presence of C. neoformans, a 2- and a 4-fold increase in phagocytic rate was observed with MPH and RPH, respectively, when compared to untreated cells. For the macrophage killing activity, MPH decreased in approximately 30% the number of viable yeasts inside the cells compared to untreated control; however, treatment with RPH could not reduce the total number of viable yeasts. MPH was also capable of increasing MHC-II expression on macrophages. Regarding the cytokine production, MCP-I and TNF-α, were increased in the supernatant of macrophages treated with both hemolymphs, 4 and 48 hours after stimulation. Conclusion: These results suggested that hemolymph of triatomines may represent a source of molecules capable of presenting antifungal and immunomodulatory activity in ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 28 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Hemolymph Triatomines Macrophages Meccus pallidipennis Rhodnius prolixus Cryptococcus neoformans Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
spellingShingle |
Hemolymph Triatomines Macrophages Meccus pallidipennis Rhodnius prolixus Cryptococcus neoformans Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 Luísa Menezes-Silva Jonatas da Silva Catarino Laura Caroline de Faria Bárbara Cristina Pizzolante Leonardo Eurípedes Andrade-Silva Marcos Vinicius da Silva Virmondes Rodrigues Júnior Helioswilton Sales-Campos Carlo José Freire Oliveira Hemolymph of triatomines presents fungistatic activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and improves macrophage function through MCP-I/TNF-α increase |
topic_facet |
Hemolymph Triatomines Macrophages Meccus pallidipennis Rhodnius prolixus Cryptococcus neoformans Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
Abstract Background: Triatomines are blood-feeding arthropods belonging to the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera; Reduviidae), capable of producing immunomodulatory and water-soluble molecules in their hemolymph, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In this work, we evaluated the antifungal and immunomodulatory activity of the hemolymph of Meccus pallidipennis (MPH) and Rhodnius prolixus (RPH) against Cryptococcus neoformans. Methods: We assessed the activity of the hemolymph of both insects on fungal growth by a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. Further, RAW 264.7 macrophages were cultivated with hemolymph and challenged with C. neoformans. Then, their phagocytic and killing activities were assessed. The cytokines MCP-1, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-6 were measured in culture supernatants 4- and 48-hours post-infection. Results: Both hemolymph samples directly affected the growth rate of the fungus in a dose-dependent manner. Either MPH or RPH was capable of inhibiting fungal growth by at least 70%, using the lowest dilution (1:20). Treatment of RAW 264.7 macrophages with hemolymph of both insects was capable of increasing the production of MCP-I and TNF-α. In addition, when these cells were stimulated with hemolymph in the presence of C. neoformans, a 2- and a 4-fold increase in phagocytic rate was observed with MPH and RPH, respectively, when compared to untreated cells. For the macrophage killing activity, MPH decreased in approximately 30% the number of viable yeasts inside the cells compared to untreated control; however, treatment with RPH could not reduce the total number of viable yeasts. MPH was also capable of increasing MHC-II expression on macrophages. Regarding the cytokine production, MCP-I and TNF-α, were increased in the supernatant of macrophages treated with both hemolymphs, 4 and 48 hours after stimulation. Conclusion: These results suggested that hemolymph of triatomines may represent a source of molecules capable of presenting antifungal and immunomodulatory activity in ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Luísa Menezes-Silva Jonatas da Silva Catarino Laura Caroline de Faria Bárbara Cristina Pizzolante Leonardo Eurípedes Andrade-Silva Marcos Vinicius da Silva Virmondes Rodrigues Júnior Helioswilton Sales-Campos Carlo José Freire Oliveira |
author_facet |
Luísa Menezes-Silva Jonatas da Silva Catarino Laura Caroline de Faria Bárbara Cristina Pizzolante Leonardo Eurípedes Andrade-Silva Marcos Vinicius da Silva Virmondes Rodrigues Júnior Helioswilton Sales-Campos Carlo José Freire Oliveira |
author_sort |
Luísa Menezes-Silva |
title |
Hemolymph of triatomines presents fungistatic activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and improves macrophage function through MCP-I/TNF-α increase |
title_short |
Hemolymph of triatomines presents fungistatic activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and improves macrophage function through MCP-I/TNF-α increase |
title_full |
Hemolymph of triatomines presents fungistatic activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and improves macrophage function through MCP-I/TNF-α increase |
title_fullStr |
Hemolymph of triatomines presents fungistatic activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and improves macrophage function through MCP-I/TNF-α increase |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hemolymph of triatomines presents fungistatic activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and improves macrophage function through MCP-I/TNF-α increase |
title_sort |
hemolymph of triatomines presents fungistatic activity against cryptococcus neoformans and improves macrophage function through mcp-i/tnf-α increase |
publisher |
SciELO |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0124 https://doaj.org/article/bc29e89c613d4f6882c0390bd9cef611 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 28 (2022) |
op_relation |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992022000100316&lng=en&tlng=en http://www.scielo.br/pdf/jvatitd/v28/1678-9199-jvatitd-28-e20210124.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 1678-9199 doi:10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0124 https://doaj.org/article/bc29e89c613d4f6882c0390bd9cef611 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0124 |
container_title |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
28 |
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1766347774238916608 |