Impact of flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity on primary Zika virus antibody response in humans.
Background Zika virus has recently spread to South- and Central America, causing congenital birth defects and neurological complications. Many people at risk are flavivirus pre-immune due to prior infections with other flaviviruses (e.g. dengue virus) or flavivirus vaccinations. Since pre-existing c...
Published in: | PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008034 https://doaj.org/article/bbf59a1e7b4047f08c1dfe73e89850ce |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bbf59a1e7b4047f08c1dfe73e89850ce |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bbf59a1e7b4047f08c1dfe73e89850ce 2023-05-15T15:14:06+02:00 Impact of flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity on primary Zika virus antibody response in humans. Stefan Malafa Iris Medits Judith H Aberle Stephan W Aberle Denise Haslwanter Georgios Tsouchnikas Silke Wölfel Kristina L Huber Elena Percivalle Pascal Cherpillod Melissa Thaler Lena Roßbacher Michael Kundi Franz X Heinz Karin Stiasny 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008034 https://doaj.org/article/bbf59a1e7b4047f08c1dfe73e89850ce EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008034 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008034 https://doaj.org/article/bbf59a1e7b4047f08c1dfe73e89850ce PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 2, p e0008034 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008034 2022-12-31T11:50:03Z Background Zika virus has recently spread to South- and Central America, causing congenital birth defects and neurological complications. Many people at risk are flavivirus pre-immune due to prior infections with other flaviviruses (e.g. dengue virus) or flavivirus vaccinations. Since pre-existing cross-reactive immunity can potentially modulate antibody responses to Zika virus infection and may affect the outcome of disease, we analyzed fine-specificity as well as virus-neutralizing and infection-enhancing activities of antibodies induced by a primary Zika virus infection in flavivirus-naïve as well as yellow fever- and/or tick-borne encephalitis-vaccinated individuals. Methodology Antibodies in sera from convalescent Zika patients with and without vaccine-induced immunity were assessed by ELISA with respect to Zika virus-specificity and flavivirus cross-reactivity. Functional analyses included virus neutralization and infection-enhancement. The contribution of IgM and cross-reactive antibodies to these properties was determined by depletion experiments. Principal findings Pre-existing flavivirus immunity had a strong influence on the antibody response in primary Zika virus infections, resulting in higher titers of broadly flavivirus cross-reactive antibodies and slightly lower levels of Zika virus-specific IgM. Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of Zika virus was mediated by sub-neutralizing concentrations of specific IgG but not by cross-reactive antibodies. This effect was potently counteracted by the presence of neutralizing IgM. Broadly cross-reactive antibodies were able to both neutralize and enhance infection of dengue virus but not Zika virus, indicating a different exposure of conserved sequence elements in the two viruses. Conclusions Our data point to an important role of flavivirus-specific IgM during the transient early stages of infection, by contributing substantially to neutralization and by counteracting ADE. In addition, our results highlight structural differences between strains of Zika ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14 2 e0008034 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Stefan Malafa Iris Medits Judith H Aberle Stephan W Aberle Denise Haslwanter Georgios Tsouchnikas Silke Wölfel Kristina L Huber Elena Percivalle Pascal Cherpillod Melissa Thaler Lena Roßbacher Michael Kundi Franz X Heinz Karin Stiasny Impact of flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity on primary Zika virus antibody response in humans. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Zika virus has recently spread to South- and Central America, causing congenital birth defects and neurological complications. Many people at risk are flavivirus pre-immune due to prior infections with other flaviviruses (e.g. dengue virus) or flavivirus vaccinations. Since pre-existing cross-reactive immunity can potentially modulate antibody responses to Zika virus infection and may affect the outcome of disease, we analyzed fine-specificity as well as virus-neutralizing and infection-enhancing activities of antibodies induced by a primary Zika virus infection in flavivirus-naïve as well as yellow fever- and/or tick-borne encephalitis-vaccinated individuals. Methodology Antibodies in sera from convalescent Zika patients with and without vaccine-induced immunity were assessed by ELISA with respect to Zika virus-specificity and flavivirus cross-reactivity. Functional analyses included virus neutralization and infection-enhancement. The contribution of IgM and cross-reactive antibodies to these properties was determined by depletion experiments. Principal findings Pre-existing flavivirus immunity had a strong influence on the antibody response in primary Zika virus infections, resulting in higher titers of broadly flavivirus cross-reactive antibodies and slightly lower levels of Zika virus-specific IgM. Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of Zika virus was mediated by sub-neutralizing concentrations of specific IgG but not by cross-reactive antibodies. This effect was potently counteracted by the presence of neutralizing IgM. Broadly cross-reactive antibodies were able to both neutralize and enhance infection of dengue virus but not Zika virus, indicating a different exposure of conserved sequence elements in the two viruses. Conclusions Our data point to an important role of flavivirus-specific IgM during the transient early stages of infection, by contributing substantially to neutralization and by counteracting ADE. In addition, our results highlight structural differences between strains of Zika ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stefan Malafa Iris Medits Judith H Aberle Stephan W Aberle Denise Haslwanter Georgios Tsouchnikas Silke Wölfel Kristina L Huber Elena Percivalle Pascal Cherpillod Melissa Thaler Lena Roßbacher Michael Kundi Franz X Heinz Karin Stiasny |
author_facet |
Stefan Malafa Iris Medits Judith H Aberle Stephan W Aberle Denise Haslwanter Georgios Tsouchnikas Silke Wölfel Kristina L Huber Elena Percivalle Pascal Cherpillod Melissa Thaler Lena Roßbacher Michael Kundi Franz X Heinz Karin Stiasny |
author_sort |
Stefan Malafa |
title |
Impact of flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity on primary Zika virus antibody response in humans. |
title_short |
Impact of flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity on primary Zika virus antibody response in humans. |
title_full |
Impact of flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity on primary Zika virus antibody response in humans. |
title_fullStr |
Impact of flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity on primary Zika virus antibody response in humans. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity on primary Zika virus antibody response in humans. |
title_sort |
impact of flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity on primary zika virus antibody response in humans. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008034 https://doaj.org/article/bbf59a1e7b4047f08c1dfe73e89850ce |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 2, p e0008034 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008034 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008034 https://doaj.org/article/bbf59a1e7b4047f08c1dfe73e89850ce |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008034 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
e0008034 |
_version_ |
1766344589795393536 |