Snow accumulation and compaction derived from GPR data near Ross Island, Antarctica
We present an improved method for estimating accumulation and compaction rates of dry snow in Antarctica with ground penetrating radar (GPR). Using an estimate of the emitted waveform from direct measurements, we apply deterministic deconvolution via the Fourier domain to GPR data with a nominal fre...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bbe6fd16bf13463c9a993495aa2f3a72 2023-05-15T13:55:26+02:00 Snow accumulation and compaction derived from GPR data near Ross Island, Antarctica N. C. Kruetzmann W. Rack A. J. McDonald S. E. George 2011-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-391-2011 https://doaj.org/article/bbe6fd16bf13463c9a993495aa2f3a72 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.the-cryosphere.net/5/391/2011/tc-5-391-2011.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-5-391-2011 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/bbe6fd16bf13463c9a993495aa2f3a72 The Cryosphere, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 391-404 (2011) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-391-2011 2022-12-31T00:14:22Z We present an improved method for estimating accumulation and compaction rates of dry snow in Antarctica with ground penetrating radar (GPR). Using an estimate of the emitted waveform from direct measurements, we apply deterministic deconvolution via the Fourier domain to GPR data with a nominal frequency of 500 MHz. This reveals unambiguous reflection horizons which can be observed in repeat measurements made one year apart. At two measurement sites near Scott Base, Antarctica, we extrapolate point measurements of average accumulation from snow pits and firn cores to a larger area by identifying a dateable dust layer horizon in the radargrams. Over an 800 m × 800 m area on the McMurdo Ice Shelf (77°45´ S, 167°17´ E) the average accumulation is found to be 269 ± 9 kg m −2 a −1 . The accumulation over an area of 400 m × 400 m on Ross Island (77°40´ S, 167°11´ E, 350 m a.s.l.) is found to be higher (404 ± 22 kg m −2 a −1 ) and shows increased variability related to undulating terrain. Compaction of snow between 2 m and 13 m depth is estimated at both sites by tracking several internal reflection horizons along the radar profiles and calculating the average change in separation of horizon pairs from one year to the next. The derived compaction rates range from 7 cm m −1 at a depth of 2 m, down to no measurable compaction at 13 m depth, and are similar to published values from point measurements. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Ice Shelf McMurdo Ice Shelf Ross Island The Cryosphere Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles McMurdo Ice Shelf ENVELOPE(166.500,166.500,-78.000,-78.000) Ross Island Scott Base ENVELOPE(166.766,166.766,-77.849,-77.849) The Cryosphere 5 2 391 404 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 N. C. Kruetzmann W. Rack A. J. McDonald S. E. George Snow accumulation and compaction derived from GPR data near Ross Island, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
We present an improved method for estimating accumulation and compaction rates of dry snow in Antarctica with ground penetrating radar (GPR). Using an estimate of the emitted waveform from direct measurements, we apply deterministic deconvolution via the Fourier domain to GPR data with a nominal frequency of 500 MHz. This reveals unambiguous reflection horizons which can be observed in repeat measurements made one year apart. At two measurement sites near Scott Base, Antarctica, we extrapolate point measurements of average accumulation from snow pits and firn cores to a larger area by identifying a dateable dust layer horizon in the radargrams. Over an 800 m × 800 m area on the McMurdo Ice Shelf (77°45´ S, 167°17´ E) the average accumulation is found to be 269 ± 9 kg m −2 a −1 . The accumulation over an area of 400 m × 400 m on Ross Island (77°40´ S, 167°11´ E, 350 m a.s.l.) is found to be higher (404 ± 22 kg m −2 a −1 ) and shows increased variability related to undulating terrain. Compaction of snow between 2 m and 13 m depth is estimated at both sites by tracking several internal reflection horizons along the radar profiles and calculating the average change in separation of horizon pairs from one year to the next. The derived compaction rates range from 7 cm m −1 at a depth of 2 m, down to no measurable compaction at 13 m depth, and are similar to published values from point measurements. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
N. C. Kruetzmann W. Rack A. J. McDonald S. E. George |
author_facet |
N. C. Kruetzmann W. Rack A. J. McDonald S. E. George |
author_sort |
N. C. Kruetzmann |
title |
Snow accumulation and compaction derived from GPR data near Ross Island, Antarctica |
title_short |
Snow accumulation and compaction derived from GPR data near Ross Island, Antarctica |
title_full |
Snow accumulation and compaction derived from GPR data near Ross Island, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Snow accumulation and compaction derived from GPR data near Ross Island, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Snow accumulation and compaction derived from GPR data near Ross Island, Antarctica |
title_sort |
snow accumulation and compaction derived from gpr data near ross island, antarctica |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-391-2011 https://doaj.org/article/bbe6fd16bf13463c9a993495aa2f3a72 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(166.500,166.500,-78.000,-78.000) ENVELOPE(166.766,166.766,-77.849,-77.849) |
geographic |
McMurdo Ice Shelf Ross Island Scott Base |
geographic_facet |
McMurdo Ice Shelf Ross Island Scott Base |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Ice Shelf McMurdo Ice Shelf Ross Island The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Ice Shelf McMurdo Ice Shelf Ross Island The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 391-404 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://www.the-cryosphere.net/5/391/2011/tc-5-391-2011.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-5-391-2011 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/bbe6fd16bf13463c9a993495aa2f3a72 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-391-2011 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
391 |
op_container_end_page |
404 |
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1766262054758383616 |