Geographic Variation in Bryde’s Whale Be4 Calls in the Gulf of California: An Insight to Population Dynamics
Although Bryde’s whale (Balaenoptera edeni) has worldwide distribution, it is considered one of the most difficult species of baleen whales to study. Two populations existing in the Gulf of California have been proposed, but difficulties in obtaining biopsies have complicated testing the hypothesis...
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2021
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bb67ba2e9ad44127bde4e9e9c89524e3 2023-05-15T15:37:16+02:00 Geographic Variation in Bryde’s Whale Be4 Calls in the Gulf of California: An Insight to Population Dynamics Lorena Viloria-Gómora Jorge Urbán R Braulio Leon-Lopez Eduardo Romero-Vivas 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.651469 https://doaj.org/article/bb67ba2e9ad44127bde4e9e9c89524e3 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.651469/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.651469 https://doaj.org/article/bb67ba2e9ad44127bde4e9e9c89524e3 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) cetacean Balaenoptera vocalization Baja California Mexico Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.651469 2022-12-31T06:51:42Z Although Bryde’s whale (Balaenoptera edeni) has worldwide distribution, it is considered one of the most difficult species of baleen whales to study. Two populations existing in the Gulf of California have been proposed, but difficulties in obtaining biopsies have complicated testing the hypothesis of discrete stock difference between north and south of the Gulf. On the other hand, bioacoustics analyses have been used to differentiate populations from other whale species. Therefore, to provide information for the previously proposed hypothesis, the most common Bryde’s call (Be4) in the region was analyzed. Acoustic data was collected using a High-frequency Acoustic Recording Package (HARP) system placed at two locations in the Gulf of California: one in the north from November 2006 to June 2007 and other one in the south from August to December 2008. Duration and frequency range were measured for calls with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) greater than 27 dB. The Mann–Whitney-U test was performed to compare distributions in both geographic areas, and the results were compared with a photo-identification analysis. Of the 903 Be4 calls detected, 103 (north) and 92 (south) met the SNR requirement. Duration showed a significant difference (Mann–Whitney test, U = 11238, z-statistics = 2.91, p = 0.003) with southern calls being longer than the northern ones. The results suggest that the northern population remains resident in the north with some movement toward the south, also verified by photo-identification. A detailed inspection showed a double distribution in the south (Mann–Whitney test, U = 2211, z-statistics = −8.39, p = 4.4776e-17), suggesting the presence at the same time of resident and transient populations. The latter has been suggested to belong to the Eastern Tropical Pacific. The results suggest a geographic variation in B. edeni Be4 call type and support the existence of two populations within the Gulf of California. Article in Journal/Newspaper baleen whales Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Baja Pacific Frontiers in Marine Science 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
cetacean Balaenoptera vocalization Baja California Mexico Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
cetacean Balaenoptera vocalization Baja California Mexico Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Lorena Viloria-Gómora Jorge Urbán R Braulio Leon-Lopez Eduardo Romero-Vivas Geographic Variation in Bryde’s Whale Be4 Calls in the Gulf of California: An Insight to Population Dynamics |
topic_facet |
cetacean Balaenoptera vocalization Baja California Mexico Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Although Bryde’s whale (Balaenoptera edeni) has worldwide distribution, it is considered one of the most difficult species of baleen whales to study. Two populations existing in the Gulf of California have been proposed, but difficulties in obtaining biopsies have complicated testing the hypothesis of discrete stock difference between north and south of the Gulf. On the other hand, bioacoustics analyses have been used to differentiate populations from other whale species. Therefore, to provide information for the previously proposed hypothesis, the most common Bryde’s call (Be4) in the region was analyzed. Acoustic data was collected using a High-frequency Acoustic Recording Package (HARP) system placed at two locations in the Gulf of California: one in the north from November 2006 to June 2007 and other one in the south from August to December 2008. Duration and frequency range were measured for calls with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) greater than 27 dB. The Mann–Whitney-U test was performed to compare distributions in both geographic areas, and the results were compared with a photo-identification analysis. Of the 903 Be4 calls detected, 103 (north) and 92 (south) met the SNR requirement. Duration showed a significant difference (Mann–Whitney test, U = 11238, z-statistics = 2.91, p = 0.003) with southern calls being longer than the northern ones. The results suggest that the northern population remains resident in the north with some movement toward the south, also verified by photo-identification. A detailed inspection showed a double distribution in the south (Mann–Whitney test, U = 2211, z-statistics = −8.39, p = 4.4776e-17), suggesting the presence at the same time of resident and transient populations. The latter has been suggested to belong to the Eastern Tropical Pacific. The results suggest a geographic variation in B. edeni Be4 call type and support the existence of two populations within the Gulf of California. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lorena Viloria-Gómora Jorge Urbán R Braulio Leon-Lopez Eduardo Romero-Vivas |
author_facet |
Lorena Viloria-Gómora Jorge Urbán R Braulio Leon-Lopez Eduardo Romero-Vivas |
author_sort |
Lorena Viloria-Gómora |
title |
Geographic Variation in Bryde’s Whale Be4 Calls in the Gulf of California: An Insight to Population Dynamics |
title_short |
Geographic Variation in Bryde’s Whale Be4 Calls in the Gulf of California: An Insight to Population Dynamics |
title_full |
Geographic Variation in Bryde’s Whale Be4 Calls in the Gulf of California: An Insight to Population Dynamics |
title_fullStr |
Geographic Variation in Bryde’s Whale Be4 Calls in the Gulf of California: An Insight to Population Dynamics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Geographic Variation in Bryde’s Whale Be4 Calls in the Gulf of California: An Insight to Population Dynamics |
title_sort |
geographic variation in bryde’s whale be4 calls in the gulf of california: an insight to population dynamics |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.651469 https://doaj.org/article/bb67ba2e9ad44127bde4e9e9c89524e3 |
geographic |
Baja Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Baja Pacific |
genre |
baleen whales |
genre_facet |
baleen whales |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.651469/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.651469 https://doaj.org/article/bb67ba2e9ad44127bde4e9e9c89524e3 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.651469 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
8 |
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1766367721031729152 |