Polar Amplification in the Earth’s Three Poles Based on MODIS Land Surface Temperatures
Polar amplification appears in response to greenhouse gas forcing, which has become a focus of climate change research. However, polar amplification has not been systematically investigated over the Earth’s three poles (the Arctic, Antarctica, and the Third Pole). An index of polar amplification is...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bb3efd449da6474a974c795807180422 2024-01-07T09:40:10+01:00 Polar Amplification in the Earth’s Three Poles Based on MODIS Land Surface Temperatures Aihong Xie Jiangping Zhu Shimeng Wang Xiang Qin 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235566 https://doaj.org/article/bb3efd449da6474a974c795807180422 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/23/5566 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs15235566 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/bb3efd449da6474a974c795807180422 Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 23, p 5566 (2023) polar amplification Earth’s three poles land surface temperature MODIS Science Q article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235566 2023-12-10T01:36:27Z Polar amplification appears in response to greenhouse gas forcing, which has become a focus of climate change research. However, polar amplification has not been systematically investigated over the Earth’s three poles (the Arctic, Antarctica, and the Third Pole). An index of polar amplification is employed, and the annual and seasonal variations of land surface temperature over the Earth’s three poles are examined using MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) observations for the period 2001–2018. As expected, the warming of the Arctic is most conspicuous, followed by the Third Pole, and is weakest in Antarctica. Compared to the temperature changes for the global land region, positive polar amplification appears in the Arctic and the Third Pole on an annual scale, whereas Antarctic amplification disappears, with a negative amplification index of −0.72. The polar amplification for the Earth’s three poles shows seasonal differences. Strong Arctic amplification appears in boreal spring and winter, with a surface warming rate of more than 3.40 times the global mean for land regions. In contrast, the amplification of the Third Pole is most conspicuous in boreal summer. The two poles located in the Northern Hemisphere have the weakest amplification in boreal autumn. Differently from the positive amplification for the Arctic and the Third Pole in all seasons, the faster variations in Antarctic temperature compared to the globe only appear in austral autumn and winter, and the amplification signal is negative in these seasons, with an amplification index of −1.68 and −2.73, respectively. In the austral winter, the strong negative amplification concentrates on West Antarctica and the coast of East Antarctica, with an absolute value of amplification index higher than 5 in general. Generally, the polar amplification is strongest in the Arctic except from June to August, and Antarctic amplification is the weakest among the Earth’s three poles. The Earth’s three poles are experiencing drastic changes, and the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Climate change East Antarctica West Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Arctic Austral East Antarctica West Antarctica Remote Sensing 15 23 5566 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
polar amplification Earth’s three poles land surface temperature MODIS Science Q |
spellingShingle |
polar amplification Earth’s three poles land surface temperature MODIS Science Q Aihong Xie Jiangping Zhu Shimeng Wang Xiang Qin Polar Amplification in the Earth’s Three Poles Based on MODIS Land Surface Temperatures |
topic_facet |
polar amplification Earth’s three poles land surface temperature MODIS Science Q |
description |
Polar amplification appears in response to greenhouse gas forcing, which has become a focus of climate change research. However, polar amplification has not been systematically investigated over the Earth’s three poles (the Arctic, Antarctica, and the Third Pole). An index of polar amplification is employed, and the annual and seasonal variations of land surface temperature over the Earth’s three poles are examined using MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) observations for the period 2001–2018. As expected, the warming of the Arctic is most conspicuous, followed by the Third Pole, and is weakest in Antarctica. Compared to the temperature changes for the global land region, positive polar amplification appears in the Arctic and the Third Pole on an annual scale, whereas Antarctic amplification disappears, with a negative amplification index of −0.72. The polar amplification for the Earth’s three poles shows seasonal differences. Strong Arctic amplification appears in boreal spring and winter, with a surface warming rate of more than 3.40 times the global mean for land regions. In contrast, the amplification of the Third Pole is most conspicuous in boreal summer. The two poles located in the Northern Hemisphere have the weakest amplification in boreal autumn. Differently from the positive amplification for the Arctic and the Third Pole in all seasons, the faster variations in Antarctic temperature compared to the globe only appear in austral autumn and winter, and the amplification signal is negative in these seasons, with an amplification index of −1.68 and −2.73, respectively. In the austral winter, the strong negative amplification concentrates on West Antarctica and the coast of East Antarctica, with an absolute value of amplification index higher than 5 in general. Generally, the polar amplification is strongest in the Arctic except from June to August, and Antarctic amplification is the weakest among the Earth’s three poles. The Earth’s three poles are experiencing drastic changes, and the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Aihong Xie Jiangping Zhu Shimeng Wang Xiang Qin |
author_facet |
Aihong Xie Jiangping Zhu Shimeng Wang Xiang Qin |
author_sort |
Aihong Xie |
title |
Polar Amplification in the Earth’s Three Poles Based on MODIS Land Surface Temperatures |
title_short |
Polar Amplification in the Earth’s Three Poles Based on MODIS Land Surface Temperatures |
title_full |
Polar Amplification in the Earth’s Three Poles Based on MODIS Land Surface Temperatures |
title_fullStr |
Polar Amplification in the Earth’s Three Poles Based on MODIS Land Surface Temperatures |
title_full_unstemmed |
Polar Amplification in the Earth’s Three Poles Based on MODIS Land Surface Temperatures |
title_sort |
polar amplification in the earth’s three poles based on modis land surface temperatures |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235566 https://doaj.org/article/bb3efd449da6474a974c795807180422 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic Austral East Antarctica West Antarctica |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic Austral East Antarctica West Antarctica |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Climate change East Antarctica West Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Climate change East Antarctica West Antarctica |
op_source |
Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 23, p 5566 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/23/5566 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs15235566 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/bb3efd449da6474a974c795807180422 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235566 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
15 |
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23 |
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5566 |
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