The Effect of Climate Variability on Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) within Their Wintering Areas.
The environmental conditions of the breeding and feeding grounds of the gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) fluctuates at inter-annual scales in response to regional and basin climate patterns. Thus, the goals of this study were to assess if there are any relationships between summer sea ice on their...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:bac6c7eda3c7445db6ce4c248954e310 2023-05-15T15:43:57+02:00 The Effect of Climate Variability on Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) within Their Wintering Areas. Christian J Salvadeo Alejandro Gómez-Gallardo U Mauricio Nájera-Caballero Jorge Urbán-Ramirez Daniel Lluch-Belda 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134655 https://doaj.org/article/bac6c7eda3c7445db6ce4c248954e310 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4550241?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134655 https://doaj.org/article/bac6c7eda3c7445db6ce4c248954e310 PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 8, p e0134655 (2015) Medicine R Science Q article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134655 2022-12-31T03:13:43Z The environmental conditions of the breeding and feeding grounds of the gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) fluctuates at inter-annual scales in response to regional and basin climate patterns. Thus, the goals of this study were to assess if there are any relationships between summer sea ice on their feeding ground and counts of gray whale mother-calf (MC) pairs at Ojo de Liebre Lagoon (OLL); and if El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influences the winter distribution of gray whales MC pairs in the three primary breeding lagoons of OLL, San Ignacio Lagoon (SIL) and Santo Domingo Channel north of Bahia Magdalena (SDCh). Maximum February counts of MC pairs were compared with the length of the open-water season at the Bering Sea during the previous year. Then, an ENSO index and sea surface temperature anomalies outside the primary lagoons was compared with the maximum February counts of MC pairs at these lagoons. Results showed that maximum counts of MC pairs in OLL correlates with sea ice conditions in their feeding grounds from the previous feeding season, and this relationship can be attributed to changes in nutritive condition of females. ENSO-related variability influences distribution of MC pairs in the southern area of SDCh during the warm 1998 El Niño and cold 1999 La Niña. This supports the hypothesis that changes in the whales' distribution related to sea temperature occurs to reduce thermal-stress and optimize energy utilization for newborn whales. Although this last conclusion should be considered in view of the limited data available from all the whales' wintering locations in all the years considered. Article in Journal/Newspaper Bering Sea Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Bering Sea PLOS ONE 10 8 e0134655 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
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Medicine R Science Q Christian J Salvadeo Alejandro Gómez-Gallardo U Mauricio Nájera-Caballero Jorge Urbán-Ramirez Daniel Lluch-Belda The Effect of Climate Variability on Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) within Their Wintering Areas. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
The environmental conditions of the breeding and feeding grounds of the gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) fluctuates at inter-annual scales in response to regional and basin climate patterns. Thus, the goals of this study were to assess if there are any relationships between summer sea ice on their feeding ground and counts of gray whale mother-calf (MC) pairs at Ojo de Liebre Lagoon (OLL); and if El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influences the winter distribution of gray whales MC pairs in the three primary breeding lagoons of OLL, San Ignacio Lagoon (SIL) and Santo Domingo Channel north of Bahia Magdalena (SDCh). Maximum February counts of MC pairs were compared with the length of the open-water season at the Bering Sea during the previous year. Then, an ENSO index and sea surface temperature anomalies outside the primary lagoons was compared with the maximum February counts of MC pairs at these lagoons. Results showed that maximum counts of MC pairs in OLL correlates with sea ice conditions in their feeding grounds from the previous feeding season, and this relationship can be attributed to changes in nutritive condition of females. ENSO-related variability influences distribution of MC pairs in the southern area of SDCh during the warm 1998 El Niño and cold 1999 La Niña. This supports the hypothesis that changes in the whales' distribution related to sea temperature occurs to reduce thermal-stress and optimize energy utilization for newborn whales. Although this last conclusion should be considered in view of the limited data available from all the whales' wintering locations in all the years considered. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Christian J Salvadeo Alejandro Gómez-Gallardo U Mauricio Nájera-Caballero Jorge Urbán-Ramirez Daniel Lluch-Belda |
author_facet |
Christian J Salvadeo Alejandro Gómez-Gallardo U Mauricio Nájera-Caballero Jorge Urbán-Ramirez Daniel Lluch-Belda |
author_sort |
Christian J Salvadeo |
title |
The Effect of Climate Variability on Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) within Their Wintering Areas. |
title_short |
The Effect of Climate Variability on Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) within Their Wintering Areas. |
title_full |
The Effect of Climate Variability on Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) within Their Wintering Areas. |
title_fullStr |
The Effect of Climate Variability on Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) within Their Wintering Areas. |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Effect of Climate Variability on Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) within Their Wintering Areas. |
title_sort |
effect of climate variability on gray whales (eschrichtius robustus) within their wintering areas. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134655 https://doaj.org/article/bac6c7eda3c7445db6ce4c248954e310 |
geographic |
Bering Sea |
geographic_facet |
Bering Sea |
genre |
Bering Sea Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Bering Sea Sea ice |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 8, p e0134655 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4550241?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134655 https://doaj.org/article/bac6c7eda3c7445db6ce4c248954e310 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134655 |
container_title |
PLOS ONE |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
e0134655 |
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