Both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae.
We recently reported that larval stage Aedes aegypti and several other species of mosquitoes grow when living bacteria are present in the gut but do not grow when living bacteria are absent. We further reported that living bacteria induce a hypoxia signal in the gut, which activates hypoxia-induced...
Published in: | PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2018
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006638 https://doaj.org/article/b9f930824aff4ccbb6842fb4e51ad970 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b9f930824aff4ccbb6842fb4e51ad970 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b9f930824aff4ccbb6842fb4e51ad970 2023-05-15T15:12:28+02:00 Both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae. Luca Valzania Vincent G Martinson Ruby E Harrison Bret M Boyd Kerri L Coon Mark R Brown Michael R Strand 2018-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006638 https://doaj.org/article/b9f930824aff4ccbb6842fb4e51ad970 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6057668?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006638 https://doaj.org/article/b9f930824aff4ccbb6842fb4e51ad970 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 7, p e0006638 (2018) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006638 2022-12-30T23:04:04Z We recently reported that larval stage Aedes aegypti and several other species of mosquitoes grow when living bacteria are present in the gut but do not grow when living bacteria are absent. We further reported that living bacteria induce a hypoxia signal in the gut, which activates hypoxia-induced transcription factors and other processes larvae require for growth. In this study we assessed whether other types of organisms induce mosquito larvae to grow and asked if the density of non-living microbes or diet larvae are fed obviate the requirement for living organisms prior results indicated are required for growth. Using culture conditions identical to our own prior studies, we determined that inoculation density of living Escherichia coli positively affected growth rates of Ae. aegypti larvae, whereas non-living E. coli had no effect on growth across the same range of inoculation densities. A living yeast, alga, and insect cell line induced axenic Ae. aegypti first instars to grow, and stimulated similar levels of midgut hypoxia, HIF-α stabilization, and neutral lipid accumulation in the fat body as E. coli. However, the same organisms had no effect on larval growth if heat-killed. In addition, no axenic larvae molted when fed two other diets, when fed diets supplemented with heat-killed microbes or lysed and heat-killed microbes. Experiments conducted with An. gambiae yielded similar findings. Taken together, our results indicate that organisms from different prokaryotic and eukaryotic groups induce mosquito larvae to grow, whereas no conditions were identified that stimulated larvae to grow in the absence of living organisms. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 12 7 e0006638 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Luca Valzania Vincent G Martinson Ruby E Harrison Bret M Boyd Kerri L Coon Mark R Brown Michael R Strand Both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
We recently reported that larval stage Aedes aegypti and several other species of mosquitoes grow when living bacteria are present in the gut but do not grow when living bacteria are absent. We further reported that living bacteria induce a hypoxia signal in the gut, which activates hypoxia-induced transcription factors and other processes larvae require for growth. In this study we assessed whether other types of organisms induce mosquito larvae to grow and asked if the density of non-living microbes or diet larvae are fed obviate the requirement for living organisms prior results indicated are required for growth. Using culture conditions identical to our own prior studies, we determined that inoculation density of living Escherichia coli positively affected growth rates of Ae. aegypti larvae, whereas non-living E. coli had no effect on growth across the same range of inoculation densities. A living yeast, alga, and insect cell line induced axenic Ae. aegypti first instars to grow, and stimulated similar levels of midgut hypoxia, HIF-α stabilization, and neutral lipid accumulation in the fat body as E. coli. However, the same organisms had no effect on larval growth if heat-killed. In addition, no axenic larvae molted when fed two other diets, when fed diets supplemented with heat-killed microbes or lysed and heat-killed microbes. Experiments conducted with An. gambiae yielded similar findings. Taken together, our results indicate that organisms from different prokaryotic and eukaryotic groups induce mosquito larvae to grow, whereas no conditions were identified that stimulated larvae to grow in the absence of living organisms. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Luca Valzania Vincent G Martinson Ruby E Harrison Bret M Boyd Kerri L Coon Mark R Brown Michael R Strand |
author_facet |
Luca Valzania Vincent G Martinson Ruby E Harrison Bret M Boyd Kerri L Coon Mark R Brown Michael R Strand |
author_sort |
Luca Valzania |
title |
Both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae. |
title_short |
Both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae. |
title_full |
Both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae. |
title_fullStr |
Both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae. |
title_sort |
both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006638 https://doaj.org/article/b9f930824aff4ccbb6842fb4e51ad970 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 7, p e0006638 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6057668?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006638 https://doaj.org/article/b9f930824aff4ccbb6842fb4e51ad970 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006638 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
e0006638 |
_version_ |
1766343134636146688 |