Copepod life strategy and population viability in response to prey timing and temperature: Testing a new model across latitude, time, and the size spectrum
A new model (Coltrane: Copepod Life-history Traits and Adaptation to Novel Environments) describes environmental controls on copepod populations via 1) phenology and life history and 2) temperature and energy budgets in a unified framework. The model tracks a cohort of copepods spawned on a given da...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2016
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00225 https://doaj.org/article/b9c367bde6524af39bb656b45367ca96 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b9c367bde6524af39bb656b45367ca96 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b9c367bde6524af39bb656b45367ca96 2023-05-15T15:18:02+02:00 Copepod life strategy and population viability in response to prey timing and temperature: Testing a new model across latitude, time, and the size spectrum Neil S Banas Eva Friis Møller Torkel Gissel Nielsen Lisa B Eisner 2016-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00225 https://doaj.org/article/b9c367bde6524af39bb656b45367ca96 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmars.2016.00225/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2016.00225 https://doaj.org/article/b9c367bde6524af39bb656b45367ca96 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 3 (2016) Zooplankton modelling biogeography Arctic diversity community ecology Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00225 2022-12-31T11:35:47Z A new model (Coltrane: Copepod Life-history Traits and Adaptation to Novel Environments) describes environmental controls on copepod populations via 1) phenology and life history and 2) temperature and energy budgets in a unified framework. The model tracks a cohort of copepods spawned on a given date using a set of coupled equations for structural and reserve biomass, developmental stage, and survivorship, similar to many other individual-based models. It then analyzes a family of cases varying spawning date over the year to produce population-level results, and families of cases varying one or more traits to produce community-level results. In an idealized global-scale testbed, the model correctly predicts life strategies in large Calanus spp. ranging from multiple generations per year to multiple years per generation. In a Bering Sea testbed, the model replicates the dramatic variability in the abundance of C. glacialis/marshallae observed between warm and cold years of the 2000s, and indicates that prey phenology linked to sea ice is a more important driver than temperature per se. In a Disko Bay, West Greenland testbed, the model predicts the viability of a spectrum of large-copepod strategies from income breeders with a adult size ~100 µgC reproducing once per year through capital breeders with an adult size >1000 µgC with a multiple-year life cycle. This spectrum corresponds closely to the observed life histories and physiology of local populations of C. finmarchicus, C. glacialis, and C. hyperboreus. Together, these complementary initial experiments demonstrate that many patterns in copepod community composition and productivity can be predicted from only a few key constraints on the individual energy budget: the total energy available in a given environment per year; the energy and time required to build an adult body; the metabolic and predation penalties for taking too long to reproduce; and the size and temperature dependence of the vital rates involved. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Bering Sea Disko Bay Greenland Sea ice Zooplankton Copepods Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Bering Sea Greenland Frontiers in Marine Science 3 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Zooplankton modelling biogeography Arctic diversity community ecology Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
Zooplankton modelling biogeography Arctic diversity community ecology Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Neil S Banas Eva Friis Møller Torkel Gissel Nielsen Lisa B Eisner Copepod life strategy and population viability in response to prey timing and temperature: Testing a new model across latitude, time, and the size spectrum |
topic_facet |
Zooplankton modelling biogeography Arctic diversity community ecology Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
A new model (Coltrane: Copepod Life-history Traits and Adaptation to Novel Environments) describes environmental controls on copepod populations via 1) phenology and life history and 2) temperature and energy budgets in a unified framework. The model tracks a cohort of copepods spawned on a given date using a set of coupled equations for structural and reserve biomass, developmental stage, and survivorship, similar to many other individual-based models. It then analyzes a family of cases varying spawning date over the year to produce population-level results, and families of cases varying one or more traits to produce community-level results. In an idealized global-scale testbed, the model correctly predicts life strategies in large Calanus spp. ranging from multiple generations per year to multiple years per generation. In a Bering Sea testbed, the model replicates the dramatic variability in the abundance of C. glacialis/marshallae observed between warm and cold years of the 2000s, and indicates that prey phenology linked to sea ice is a more important driver than temperature per se. In a Disko Bay, West Greenland testbed, the model predicts the viability of a spectrum of large-copepod strategies from income breeders with a adult size ~100 µgC reproducing once per year through capital breeders with an adult size >1000 µgC with a multiple-year life cycle. This spectrum corresponds closely to the observed life histories and physiology of local populations of C. finmarchicus, C. glacialis, and C. hyperboreus. Together, these complementary initial experiments demonstrate that many patterns in copepod community composition and productivity can be predicted from only a few key constraints on the individual energy budget: the total energy available in a given environment per year; the energy and time required to build an adult body; the metabolic and predation penalties for taking too long to reproduce; and the size and temperature dependence of the vital rates involved. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Neil S Banas Eva Friis Møller Torkel Gissel Nielsen Lisa B Eisner |
author_facet |
Neil S Banas Eva Friis Møller Torkel Gissel Nielsen Lisa B Eisner |
author_sort |
Neil S Banas |
title |
Copepod life strategy and population viability in response to prey timing and temperature: Testing a new model across latitude, time, and the size spectrum |
title_short |
Copepod life strategy and population viability in response to prey timing and temperature: Testing a new model across latitude, time, and the size spectrum |
title_full |
Copepod life strategy and population viability in response to prey timing and temperature: Testing a new model across latitude, time, and the size spectrum |
title_fullStr |
Copepod life strategy and population viability in response to prey timing and temperature: Testing a new model across latitude, time, and the size spectrum |
title_full_unstemmed |
Copepod life strategy and population viability in response to prey timing and temperature: Testing a new model across latitude, time, and the size spectrum |
title_sort |
copepod life strategy and population viability in response to prey timing and temperature: testing a new model across latitude, time, and the size spectrum |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00225 https://doaj.org/article/b9c367bde6524af39bb656b45367ca96 |
geographic |
Arctic Bering Sea Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Bering Sea Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Bering Sea Disko Bay Greenland Sea ice Zooplankton Copepods |
genre_facet |
Arctic Bering Sea Disko Bay Greenland Sea ice Zooplankton Copepods |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 3 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmars.2016.00225/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2016.00225 https://doaj.org/article/b9c367bde6524af39bb656b45367ca96 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00225 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
3 |
_version_ |
1766348268309053440 |