Mapping the Historical Shipwreck Figaro in the High Arctic Using Underwater Sensor-Carrying Robots
In 2007, a possible wreck site was discovered in Trygghamna, Isfjorden, Svalbard by the Norwegian Hydrographic Service. Using (1) a REMUS 100 autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) equipped with a sidescan sonar (SSS) and (2) a Seabotix LBV 200 mini-remotely operated vehicle (ROV) with a high-definitio...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b975148b9de54f64841a2528e46e312f 2023-05-15T15:02:07+02:00 Mapping the Historical Shipwreck Figaro in the High Arctic Using Underwater Sensor-Carrying Robots Aksel Alstad Mogstad Øyvind Ødegård Stein Melvær Nornes Martin Ludvigsen Geir Johnsen Asgeir J. Sørensen Jørgen Berge 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12060997 https://doaj.org/article/b975148b9de54f64841a2528e46e312f EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/6/997 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs12060997 https://doaj.org/article/b975148b9de54f64841a2528e46e312f Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 6, p 997 (2020) arctic wreck marine archaeology autonomous underwater vehicle (auv) remotely operated vehicle (rov) sidescan sonar (sss) photogrammetry underwater hyperspectral imaging (uhi) supervised classification biofouling Science Q article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12060997 2022-12-30T20:19:32Z In 2007, a possible wreck site was discovered in Trygghamna, Isfjorden, Svalbard by the Norwegian Hydrographic Service. Using (1) a REMUS 100 autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) equipped with a sidescan sonar (SSS) and (2) a Seabotix LBV 200 mini-remotely operated vehicle (ROV) with a high-definition (HD) camera, the wreck was in 2015 identified as the Figaro: a floating whalery that sank in 1908. The Figaro is to our knowledge currently the northernmost wreck in the world to be investigated by archaeologists. As the wreck is protected by law as an underwater cultural heritage (UCH) site, only non-intrusive methods could be used during surveys. In this study, we demonstrate how using multiple complementary remote sensing techniques can be advantageous with respect to acquiring a holistic overview of a recently discovered wreck site. In January 2016, the wreck was revisited, and a full photogrammetric survey of the site was conducted with a Sperre Subfighter 7500 medium class ROV. In addition to stereo camera images, HD-video and underwater hyperspectral imagery was also obtained from the wreck site. In terms of data analysis and interpretation, the emphasis was in the current study put on the photogrammetric 3D model and the underwater hyperspectral imagery. The former provided an excellent general overview of the Figaro wreck site, whereas the latter supplied detailed information from a 14.65-m 2 sub-area situated on the top of the wreck. By analyzing classified underwater hyperspectral imagery in context with supplementary information from the 3D model, the levels of biofouling associated with different marine archaeological substrate types were assessed. Our findings suggest that strongly protruding archaeological objects support significantly higher levels of biofouling than their surroundings, and consequently that high-density biological assemblages could serve as proxies for identifying human-made artifacts on the seafloor. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Isfjord* Isfjorden Svalbard Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Sperre ENVELOPE(7.531,7.531,62.911,62.911) Svalbard Trygghamna ENVELOPE(13.819,13.819,78.246,78.246) Remote Sensing 12 6 997 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
arctic wreck marine archaeology autonomous underwater vehicle (auv) remotely operated vehicle (rov) sidescan sonar (sss) photogrammetry underwater hyperspectral imaging (uhi) supervised classification biofouling Science Q |
spellingShingle |
arctic wreck marine archaeology autonomous underwater vehicle (auv) remotely operated vehicle (rov) sidescan sonar (sss) photogrammetry underwater hyperspectral imaging (uhi) supervised classification biofouling Science Q Aksel Alstad Mogstad Øyvind Ødegård Stein Melvær Nornes Martin Ludvigsen Geir Johnsen Asgeir J. Sørensen Jørgen Berge Mapping the Historical Shipwreck Figaro in the High Arctic Using Underwater Sensor-Carrying Robots |
topic_facet |
arctic wreck marine archaeology autonomous underwater vehicle (auv) remotely operated vehicle (rov) sidescan sonar (sss) photogrammetry underwater hyperspectral imaging (uhi) supervised classification biofouling Science Q |
description |
In 2007, a possible wreck site was discovered in Trygghamna, Isfjorden, Svalbard by the Norwegian Hydrographic Service. Using (1) a REMUS 100 autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) equipped with a sidescan sonar (SSS) and (2) a Seabotix LBV 200 mini-remotely operated vehicle (ROV) with a high-definition (HD) camera, the wreck was in 2015 identified as the Figaro: a floating whalery that sank in 1908. The Figaro is to our knowledge currently the northernmost wreck in the world to be investigated by archaeologists. As the wreck is protected by law as an underwater cultural heritage (UCH) site, only non-intrusive methods could be used during surveys. In this study, we demonstrate how using multiple complementary remote sensing techniques can be advantageous with respect to acquiring a holistic overview of a recently discovered wreck site. In January 2016, the wreck was revisited, and a full photogrammetric survey of the site was conducted with a Sperre Subfighter 7500 medium class ROV. In addition to stereo camera images, HD-video and underwater hyperspectral imagery was also obtained from the wreck site. In terms of data analysis and interpretation, the emphasis was in the current study put on the photogrammetric 3D model and the underwater hyperspectral imagery. The former provided an excellent general overview of the Figaro wreck site, whereas the latter supplied detailed information from a 14.65-m 2 sub-area situated on the top of the wreck. By analyzing classified underwater hyperspectral imagery in context with supplementary information from the 3D model, the levels of biofouling associated with different marine archaeological substrate types were assessed. Our findings suggest that strongly protruding archaeological objects support significantly higher levels of biofouling than their surroundings, and consequently that high-density biological assemblages could serve as proxies for identifying human-made artifacts on the seafloor. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Aksel Alstad Mogstad Øyvind Ødegård Stein Melvær Nornes Martin Ludvigsen Geir Johnsen Asgeir J. Sørensen Jørgen Berge |
author_facet |
Aksel Alstad Mogstad Øyvind Ødegård Stein Melvær Nornes Martin Ludvigsen Geir Johnsen Asgeir J. Sørensen Jørgen Berge |
author_sort |
Aksel Alstad Mogstad |
title |
Mapping the Historical Shipwreck Figaro in the High Arctic Using Underwater Sensor-Carrying Robots |
title_short |
Mapping the Historical Shipwreck Figaro in the High Arctic Using Underwater Sensor-Carrying Robots |
title_full |
Mapping the Historical Shipwreck Figaro in the High Arctic Using Underwater Sensor-Carrying Robots |
title_fullStr |
Mapping the Historical Shipwreck Figaro in the High Arctic Using Underwater Sensor-Carrying Robots |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mapping the Historical Shipwreck Figaro in the High Arctic Using Underwater Sensor-Carrying Robots |
title_sort |
mapping the historical shipwreck figaro in the high arctic using underwater sensor-carrying robots |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12060997 https://doaj.org/article/b975148b9de54f64841a2528e46e312f |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(7.531,7.531,62.911,62.911) ENVELOPE(13.819,13.819,78.246,78.246) |
geographic |
Arctic Sperre Svalbard Trygghamna |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Sperre Svalbard Trygghamna |
genre |
Arctic Isfjord* Isfjorden Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Isfjord* Isfjorden Svalbard |
op_source |
Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 6, p 997 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/6/997 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs12060997 https://doaj.org/article/b975148b9de54f64841a2528e46e312f |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12060997 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
997 |
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1766334096267542528 |