Optimization of a Membrane Feeding Assay for Plasmodium vivax Infection in Anopheles albimanus.
INTRODUCTION:Individuals exposed to malaria infections for a long time develop immune responses capable of blocking Plasmodium transmission to mosquito vectors, potentially limiting parasite spreading in nature. Development of a malaria TB vaccine requires a better understanding of the mechanisms an...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b8a00c7ee3fb4cb99f36a6e9828e8121 2023-05-15T15:15:16+02:00 Optimization of a Membrane Feeding Assay for Plasmodium vivax Infection in Anopheles albimanus. Andrés F Vallejo Kelly Rubiano Andres Amado Amy R Krystosik Sócrates Herrera Myriam Arévalo-Herrera 2016-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004807 https://doaj.org/article/b8a00c7ee3fb4cb99f36a6e9828e8121 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4927173?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004807 https://doaj.org/article/b8a00c7ee3fb4cb99f36a6e9828e8121 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 6, p e0004807 (2016) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004807 2022-12-31T01:35:42Z INTRODUCTION:Individuals exposed to malaria infections for a long time develop immune responses capable of blocking Plasmodium transmission to mosquito vectors, potentially limiting parasite spreading in nature. Development of a malaria TB vaccine requires a better understanding of the mechanisms and main effectors responsible for transmission blocking (TB) responses. The lack of an in vitro culture system for Plasmodium vivax has been an important drawback for development of a standardized method to assess TB responses to this parasite. This study evaluated host, vector, and parasite factors that may influence Anopheles mosquito infection in order to develop an efficient and reliable assay to assess the TB immunity. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A total of 94 P. vivax infected patients were enrolled as parasite donors or subjects of direct mosquito feeding in two malaria endemic regions of Colombia (Tierralta, and Buenaventura). Parasite infectiousness was assessed by membrane feeding assay or direct feeding assay using laboratory reared Anopheles mosquitoes. Infection was measured by qPCR and by microscopically examining mosquito midguts at day 7 for the presence of oocysts. Best infectivity was attained in four day old mosquitoes fed at a density of 100 mosquitos/cage. Membrane feeding assays produced statistically significant better infections than direct feeding assays in parasite donors; cytokine profiles showed increased IFN-γ, TNF and IL-1 levels in non-infectious individuals. Mosquito infections and parasite maturation were more reliably assessed by PCR compared to microscopy. CONCLUSIONS:We evaluated mosquito, parasite and host factors that may affect the outcome of parasite transmission as measured by artificial membrane feeding assays. Results have led us to conclude that: 1) optimal mosquito infectivity occurs with mosquitoes four days after emergence at a cage density of 100; 2) mosquito infectivity is best quantified by PCR as it may be underestimated by microscopy; 3) host cellular immune response ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 10 6 e0004807 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Andrés F Vallejo Kelly Rubiano Andres Amado Amy R Krystosik Sócrates Herrera Myriam Arévalo-Herrera Optimization of a Membrane Feeding Assay for Plasmodium vivax Infection in Anopheles albimanus. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
INTRODUCTION:Individuals exposed to malaria infections for a long time develop immune responses capable of blocking Plasmodium transmission to mosquito vectors, potentially limiting parasite spreading in nature. Development of a malaria TB vaccine requires a better understanding of the mechanisms and main effectors responsible for transmission blocking (TB) responses. The lack of an in vitro culture system for Plasmodium vivax has been an important drawback for development of a standardized method to assess TB responses to this parasite. This study evaluated host, vector, and parasite factors that may influence Anopheles mosquito infection in order to develop an efficient and reliable assay to assess the TB immunity. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A total of 94 P. vivax infected patients were enrolled as parasite donors or subjects of direct mosquito feeding in two malaria endemic regions of Colombia (Tierralta, and Buenaventura). Parasite infectiousness was assessed by membrane feeding assay or direct feeding assay using laboratory reared Anopheles mosquitoes. Infection was measured by qPCR and by microscopically examining mosquito midguts at day 7 for the presence of oocysts. Best infectivity was attained in four day old mosquitoes fed at a density of 100 mosquitos/cage. Membrane feeding assays produced statistically significant better infections than direct feeding assays in parasite donors; cytokine profiles showed increased IFN-γ, TNF and IL-1 levels in non-infectious individuals. Mosquito infections and parasite maturation were more reliably assessed by PCR compared to microscopy. CONCLUSIONS:We evaluated mosquito, parasite and host factors that may affect the outcome of parasite transmission as measured by artificial membrane feeding assays. Results have led us to conclude that: 1) optimal mosquito infectivity occurs with mosquitoes four days after emergence at a cage density of 100; 2) mosquito infectivity is best quantified by PCR as it may be underestimated by microscopy; 3) host cellular immune response ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Andrés F Vallejo Kelly Rubiano Andres Amado Amy R Krystosik Sócrates Herrera Myriam Arévalo-Herrera |
author_facet |
Andrés F Vallejo Kelly Rubiano Andres Amado Amy R Krystosik Sócrates Herrera Myriam Arévalo-Herrera |
author_sort |
Andrés F Vallejo |
title |
Optimization of a Membrane Feeding Assay for Plasmodium vivax Infection in Anopheles albimanus. |
title_short |
Optimization of a Membrane Feeding Assay for Plasmodium vivax Infection in Anopheles albimanus. |
title_full |
Optimization of a Membrane Feeding Assay for Plasmodium vivax Infection in Anopheles albimanus. |
title_fullStr |
Optimization of a Membrane Feeding Assay for Plasmodium vivax Infection in Anopheles albimanus. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Optimization of a Membrane Feeding Assay for Plasmodium vivax Infection in Anopheles albimanus. |
title_sort |
optimization of a membrane feeding assay for plasmodium vivax infection in anopheles albimanus. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004807 https://doaj.org/article/b8a00c7ee3fb4cb99f36a6e9828e8121 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 6, p e0004807 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4927173?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004807 https://doaj.org/article/b8a00c7ee3fb4cb99f36a6e9828e8121 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004807 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
e0004807 |
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1766345626786725888 |