Aedes mosquito saliva modulates Rift Valley fever virus pathogenicity.
BACKGROUND: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a severe mosquito-borne disease affecting humans and domestic ruminants. Mosquito saliva contains compounds that counteract the hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune responses of the host. Modulation of these defensive responses may facilitate virus infection. I...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b8434711f78642259afc17978312eff2 2023-05-15T15:13:34+02:00 Aedes mosquito saliva modulates Rift Valley fever virus pathogenicity. Alain Le Coupanec Divya Babin Laurence Fiette Grégory Jouvion Patrick Ave Dorothee Misse Michèle Bouloy Valerie Choumet 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002237 https://doaj.org/article/b8434711f78642259afc17978312eff2 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3681724?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002237 https://doaj.org/article/b8434711f78642259afc17978312eff2 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 6, p e2237 (2013) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002237 2022-12-31T02:44:20Z BACKGROUND: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a severe mosquito-borne disease affecting humans and domestic ruminants. Mosquito saliva contains compounds that counteract the hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune responses of the host. Modulation of these defensive responses may facilitate virus infection. Indeed, Aedes mosquito saliva played a crucial role in the vector's capacity to effectively transfer arboviruses such as the Cache Valley and West Nile viruses. The role of mosquito saliva in the transmission of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: Using a murine model, we explored the potential for mosquitoes to impact the course of RVF disease by determining whether differences in pathogenesis occurred in the presence or absence of mosquito saliva and salivary gland extract. METHODS: C57BL/6NRJ male mice were infected with the ZH548 strain of RVFV via intraperitoneal or intradermal route, or via bites from RVFV-exposed mosquitoes. The virus titers in mosquitoes and mouse organs were determined by plaque assays. FINDINGS: After intraperitoneal injection, RVFV infection primarily resulted in liver damage. In contrast, RVFV infection via intradermal injection caused both liver and neurological symptoms and this route best mimicked the natural infection by mosquitoes. Co-injections of RVFV with salivary gland extract or saliva via intradermal route increased the mortality rates of mice, as well as the virus titers measured in several organs and in the blood. Furthermore, the blood cell counts of infected mice were altered compared to those of uninfected mice. INTERPRETATION: Different routes of infection determine the pattern in which the virus spreads and the organs it targets. Aedes saliva significantly increases the pathogenicity of RVFV. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 7 6 e2237 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Alain Le Coupanec Divya Babin Laurence Fiette Grégory Jouvion Patrick Ave Dorothee Misse Michèle Bouloy Valerie Choumet Aedes mosquito saliva modulates Rift Valley fever virus pathogenicity. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a severe mosquito-borne disease affecting humans and domestic ruminants. Mosquito saliva contains compounds that counteract the hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune responses of the host. Modulation of these defensive responses may facilitate virus infection. Indeed, Aedes mosquito saliva played a crucial role in the vector's capacity to effectively transfer arboviruses such as the Cache Valley and West Nile viruses. The role of mosquito saliva in the transmission of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: Using a murine model, we explored the potential for mosquitoes to impact the course of RVF disease by determining whether differences in pathogenesis occurred in the presence or absence of mosquito saliva and salivary gland extract. METHODS: C57BL/6NRJ male mice were infected with the ZH548 strain of RVFV via intraperitoneal or intradermal route, or via bites from RVFV-exposed mosquitoes. The virus titers in mosquitoes and mouse organs were determined by plaque assays. FINDINGS: After intraperitoneal injection, RVFV infection primarily resulted in liver damage. In contrast, RVFV infection via intradermal injection caused both liver and neurological symptoms and this route best mimicked the natural infection by mosquitoes. Co-injections of RVFV with salivary gland extract or saliva via intradermal route increased the mortality rates of mice, as well as the virus titers measured in several organs and in the blood. Furthermore, the blood cell counts of infected mice were altered compared to those of uninfected mice. INTERPRETATION: Different routes of infection determine the pattern in which the virus spreads and the organs it targets. Aedes saliva significantly increases the pathogenicity of RVFV. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alain Le Coupanec Divya Babin Laurence Fiette Grégory Jouvion Patrick Ave Dorothee Misse Michèle Bouloy Valerie Choumet |
author_facet |
Alain Le Coupanec Divya Babin Laurence Fiette Grégory Jouvion Patrick Ave Dorothee Misse Michèle Bouloy Valerie Choumet |
author_sort |
Alain Le Coupanec |
title |
Aedes mosquito saliva modulates Rift Valley fever virus pathogenicity. |
title_short |
Aedes mosquito saliva modulates Rift Valley fever virus pathogenicity. |
title_full |
Aedes mosquito saliva modulates Rift Valley fever virus pathogenicity. |
title_fullStr |
Aedes mosquito saliva modulates Rift Valley fever virus pathogenicity. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aedes mosquito saliva modulates Rift Valley fever virus pathogenicity. |
title_sort |
aedes mosquito saliva modulates rift valley fever virus pathogenicity. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002237 https://doaj.org/article/b8434711f78642259afc17978312eff2 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 6, p e2237 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3681724?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002237 https://doaj.org/article/b8434711f78642259afc17978312eff2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002237 |
container_title |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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7 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
e2237 |
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1766344113220747264 |