Macro-Turbulent Flow and Its Impacts on Sediment Transport Potential of a Subarctic River during Ice-Covered and Open-Channel Conditions
Macro-turbulent flows (i.e., coherent flow structures reaching through the whole water column), have not been studied widely in northern seasonally frozen rivers during both open-channel and ice-covered flow conditions. Thus, we aim: (1) to detect and compare the macro-turbulent flow, both at open-c...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b7f6a8bc68d14554931a89a10c2bb7ff 2023-05-15T18:28:16+02:00 Macro-Turbulent Flow and Its Impacts on Sediment Transport Potential of a Subarctic River during Ice-Covered and Open-Channel Conditions Eliisa Lotsari Michael Dietze Maria Kämäri Petteri Alho Elina Kasvi 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/w12071874 https://doaj.org/article/b7f6a8bc68d14554931a89a10c2bb7ff EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/7/1874 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441 doi:10.3390/w12071874 2073-4441 https://doaj.org/article/b7f6a8bc68d14554931a89a10c2bb7ff Water, Vol 12, Iss 1874, p 1874 (2020) macro-turbulence velocity ADCP cluster analysis ice-covered flow open-channel flow Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/w12071874 2022-12-31T00:23:46Z Macro-turbulent flows (i.e., coherent flow structures reaching through the whole water column), have not been studied widely in northern seasonally frozen rivers during both open-channel and ice-covered flow conditions. Thus, we aim: (1) to detect and compare the macro-turbulent flow, both at open-channel and ice-covered flow conditions; (2) to explore spatial variation of macro-turbulent flow characteristics within a meander bend; and (3) to detect the effects of near-bed layer velocity fluctuation on bedload transport during differing overall flow conditions. The analyses are based on 5–10 min-long acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) measurements from a subarctic river. The ice-covered low flow, and open-channel higher and lower flow conditions were measured over the period of 2016 to 2020. This study found that macro-turbulent flow existed at all measurement locations under both open-channel and ice-covered flow conditions. Macro-turbulent flow was most consistent and obvious in the streamwise velocity component, and in particular at the inlet and outlet of the investigated meander bend. During all seasons, the near-bed velocities consistently exceeded the sufficient amount for sediment transport. At inlet and outlet areas, the greatest near-bed velocity fluctuation across the critical threshold for sediment transport coincided with the measurement times having frequent macro-turbulent flow. Article in Journal/Newspaper Subarctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Water 12 7 1874 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
macro-turbulence velocity ADCP cluster analysis ice-covered flow open-channel flow Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 |
spellingShingle |
macro-turbulence velocity ADCP cluster analysis ice-covered flow open-channel flow Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Eliisa Lotsari Michael Dietze Maria Kämäri Petteri Alho Elina Kasvi Macro-Turbulent Flow and Its Impacts on Sediment Transport Potential of a Subarctic River during Ice-Covered and Open-Channel Conditions |
topic_facet |
macro-turbulence velocity ADCP cluster analysis ice-covered flow open-channel flow Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 |
description |
Macro-turbulent flows (i.e., coherent flow structures reaching through the whole water column), have not been studied widely in northern seasonally frozen rivers during both open-channel and ice-covered flow conditions. Thus, we aim: (1) to detect and compare the macro-turbulent flow, both at open-channel and ice-covered flow conditions; (2) to explore spatial variation of macro-turbulent flow characteristics within a meander bend; and (3) to detect the effects of near-bed layer velocity fluctuation on bedload transport during differing overall flow conditions. The analyses are based on 5–10 min-long acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) measurements from a subarctic river. The ice-covered low flow, and open-channel higher and lower flow conditions were measured over the period of 2016 to 2020. This study found that macro-turbulent flow existed at all measurement locations under both open-channel and ice-covered flow conditions. Macro-turbulent flow was most consistent and obvious in the streamwise velocity component, and in particular at the inlet and outlet of the investigated meander bend. During all seasons, the near-bed velocities consistently exceeded the sufficient amount for sediment transport. At inlet and outlet areas, the greatest near-bed velocity fluctuation across the critical threshold for sediment transport coincided with the measurement times having frequent macro-turbulent flow. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Eliisa Lotsari Michael Dietze Maria Kämäri Petteri Alho Elina Kasvi |
author_facet |
Eliisa Lotsari Michael Dietze Maria Kämäri Petteri Alho Elina Kasvi |
author_sort |
Eliisa Lotsari |
title |
Macro-Turbulent Flow and Its Impacts on Sediment Transport Potential of a Subarctic River during Ice-Covered and Open-Channel Conditions |
title_short |
Macro-Turbulent Flow and Its Impacts on Sediment Transport Potential of a Subarctic River during Ice-Covered and Open-Channel Conditions |
title_full |
Macro-Turbulent Flow and Its Impacts on Sediment Transport Potential of a Subarctic River during Ice-Covered and Open-Channel Conditions |
title_fullStr |
Macro-Turbulent Flow and Its Impacts on Sediment Transport Potential of a Subarctic River during Ice-Covered and Open-Channel Conditions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Macro-Turbulent Flow and Its Impacts on Sediment Transport Potential of a Subarctic River during Ice-Covered and Open-Channel Conditions |
title_sort |
macro-turbulent flow and its impacts on sediment transport potential of a subarctic river during ice-covered and open-channel conditions |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/w12071874 https://doaj.org/article/b7f6a8bc68d14554931a89a10c2bb7ff |
genre |
Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Subarctic |
op_source |
Water, Vol 12, Iss 1874, p 1874 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/7/1874 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441 doi:10.3390/w12071874 2073-4441 https://doaj.org/article/b7f6a8bc68d14554931a89a10c2bb7ff |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/w12071874 |
container_title |
Water |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
1874 |
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1766210670139801600 |