Phase change in subducted lithosphere, impulse, and quantizing Earth surface deformations
The new paradigm of plate tectonics began in 1960 with Harry H. Hess's 1960 realization that new ocean floor was being created today and is not everywhere of Precambrian age as previously thought. In the following decades an unprecedented coming together of bathymetric, topographic, magnetic, g...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b7c629d826d64169bd193be504d5c1f9 2023-05-15T17:35:53+02:00 Phase change in subducted lithosphere, impulse, and quantizing Earth surface deformations C. O. Bowin W. Yi R. D. Rosson S. T. Bolmer 2015-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-1075-2015 https://doaj.org/article/b7c629d826d64169bd193be504d5c1f9 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.solid-earth.net/6/1075/2015/se-6-1075-2015.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1869-9510 https://doaj.org/toc/1869-9529 1869-9510 1869-9529 doi:10.5194/se-6-1075-2015 https://doaj.org/article/b7c629d826d64169bd193be504d5c1f9 Solid Earth, Vol 6, Iss 3, Pp 1075-1085 (2015) Geology QE1-996.5 Stratigraphy QE640-699 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-1075-2015 2022-12-30T23:11:55Z The new paradigm of plate tectonics began in 1960 with Harry H. Hess's 1960 realization that new ocean floor was being created today and is not everywhere of Precambrian age as previously thought. In the following decades an unprecedented coming together of bathymetric, topographic, magnetic, gravity, seismicity, seismic profiling data occurred, all supporting and building upon the concept of plate tectonics. Most investigators accepted the premise that there was no net torque amongst the plates. Bowin (2010) demonstrated that plates accelerated and decelerated at rates 10 −8 times smaller than plate velocities, and that globally angular momentum is conserved by plate tectonic motions, but few appeared to note its existence. Here we first summarize how we separate where different mass sources may lie within the Earth and how we can estimate their mass. The Earth's greatest mass anomalies arise from topography of the boundary between the metallic nickel–iron core and the silicate mantle that dominate the Earth's spherical harmonic degree 2 and 3 potential field coefficients, and overwhelm all other internal mass anomalies. The mass anomalies due to phase changes in olivine and pyroxene in subducted lithosphere are hidden within the spherical harmonic degree 4–10 packet, and are an order of magnitude smaller than those from the core–mantle boundary. Then we explore the geometry of the Emperor and Hawaiian seamount chains and the 60° bend between them that aids in documenting the slow acceleration during both the Pacific Plate's northward motion that formed the Emperor seamount chain and its westward motion that formed the Hawaiian seamount chain, but it decelerated at the time of the bend (46 Myr). Although the 60° change in direction of the Pacific Plate at of the bend, there appears to have been nary a pause in a passive spreading history for the North Atlantic Plate, for example. This, too, supports phase change being the single driver for plate tectonics and conservation of angular momentum. Since mountain ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Emperor Seamount Chain ENVELOPE(168.955,168.955,47.893,47.893) Pacific Solid Earth 6 3 1075 1085 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology QE1-996.5 Stratigraphy QE640-699 |
spellingShingle |
Geology QE1-996.5 Stratigraphy QE640-699 C. O. Bowin W. Yi R. D. Rosson S. T. Bolmer Phase change in subducted lithosphere, impulse, and quantizing Earth surface deformations |
topic_facet |
Geology QE1-996.5 Stratigraphy QE640-699 |
description |
The new paradigm of plate tectonics began in 1960 with Harry H. Hess's 1960 realization that new ocean floor was being created today and is not everywhere of Precambrian age as previously thought. In the following decades an unprecedented coming together of bathymetric, topographic, magnetic, gravity, seismicity, seismic profiling data occurred, all supporting and building upon the concept of plate tectonics. Most investigators accepted the premise that there was no net torque amongst the plates. Bowin (2010) demonstrated that plates accelerated and decelerated at rates 10 −8 times smaller than plate velocities, and that globally angular momentum is conserved by plate tectonic motions, but few appeared to note its existence. Here we first summarize how we separate where different mass sources may lie within the Earth and how we can estimate their mass. The Earth's greatest mass anomalies arise from topography of the boundary between the metallic nickel–iron core and the silicate mantle that dominate the Earth's spherical harmonic degree 2 and 3 potential field coefficients, and overwhelm all other internal mass anomalies. The mass anomalies due to phase changes in olivine and pyroxene in subducted lithosphere are hidden within the spherical harmonic degree 4–10 packet, and are an order of magnitude smaller than those from the core–mantle boundary. Then we explore the geometry of the Emperor and Hawaiian seamount chains and the 60° bend between them that aids in documenting the slow acceleration during both the Pacific Plate's northward motion that formed the Emperor seamount chain and its westward motion that formed the Hawaiian seamount chain, but it decelerated at the time of the bend (46 Myr). Although the 60° change in direction of the Pacific Plate at of the bend, there appears to have been nary a pause in a passive spreading history for the North Atlantic Plate, for example. This, too, supports phase change being the single driver for plate tectonics and conservation of angular momentum. Since mountain ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
C. O. Bowin W. Yi R. D. Rosson S. T. Bolmer |
author_facet |
C. O. Bowin W. Yi R. D. Rosson S. T. Bolmer |
author_sort |
C. O. Bowin |
title |
Phase change in subducted lithosphere, impulse, and quantizing Earth surface deformations |
title_short |
Phase change in subducted lithosphere, impulse, and quantizing Earth surface deformations |
title_full |
Phase change in subducted lithosphere, impulse, and quantizing Earth surface deformations |
title_fullStr |
Phase change in subducted lithosphere, impulse, and quantizing Earth surface deformations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Phase change in subducted lithosphere, impulse, and quantizing Earth surface deformations |
title_sort |
phase change in subducted lithosphere, impulse, and quantizing earth surface deformations |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-1075-2015 https://doaj.org/article/b7c629d826d64169bd193be504d5c1f9 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(168.955,168.955,47.893,47.893) |
geographic |
Emperor Seamount Chain Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Emperor Seamount Chain Pacific |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Solid Earth, Vol 6, Iss 3, Pp 1075-1085 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://www.solid-earth.net/6/1075/2015/se-6-1075-2015.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1869-9510 https://doaj.org/toc/1869-9529 1869-9510 1869-9529 doi:10.5194/se-6-1075-2015 https://doaj.org/article/b7c629d826d64169bd193be504d5c1f9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-1075-2015 |
container_title |
Solid Earth |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
1075 |
op_container_end_page |
1085 |
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1766135181588037632 |