Plasmodium falciparum transmission and aridity: a Kenyan experience from the dry lands of Baringo and its implications for Anopheles arabiensis control
Abstract Background The ecology of malaria vectors particularly in semi-arid areas of Africa is poorly understood. Accurate knowledge on this subject will boost current efforts to reduce the burden of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to describe the dynamics of malaria...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b73188e063974fc5a0b41e62339729e6 2023-05-15T15:18:11+02:00 Plasmodium falciparum transmission and aridity: a Kenyan experience from the dry lands of Baringo and its implications for Anopheles arabiensis control Mbogo Charles M Muturi Ephantus J Shililu Josephat I Irungu Lucy W Mala Albert O Njagi Joseph K Mukabana Wolfgang R Githure John I 2011-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-121 https://doaj.org/article/b73188e063974fc5a0b41e62339729e6 EN eng BMC http://www.malariajournal.com/content/10/1/121 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-10-121 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/b73188e063974fc5a0b41e62339729e6 Malaria Journal, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 121 (2011) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-121 2022-12-31T08:10:20Z Abstract Background The ecology of malaria vectors particularly in semi-arid areas of Africa is poorly understood. Accurate knowledge on this subject will boost current efforts to reduce the burden of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to describe the dynamics of malaria transmission in two model semi-arid sites (Kamarimar and Tirion) in Baringo in Kenya. Methods Adult mosquitoes were collected indoors by pyrethrum spray collections (PSC) and outdoors by Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps and identified to species by morphological characteristics. Sibling species of Anopheles gambiae complex were further characterized by rDNA. PCR and enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assays (ELISA) were used to test for Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite proteins and host blood meal sources respectively. Results Anopheles arabiensis was not only the most dominant mosquito species in both study sites but also the only sibling species of An. gambiae s.l. present in the area. Other species identified in the study area were Anopheles funestus , Anopheles pharoensis and Anopheles coustani . For Kamarimar but not Tirion, the human blood index (HBI) for light trap samples was significantly higher than for PSC samples (Kamarimar, 0.63 and 0.11, Tirion, 0.48 and 0.43). The HBI for light trap samples was significantly higher in Kamarimar than in Tirion while that of PSC samples was significantly higher in Tirion than in Kamarimar. Entomological inoculation rates (EIR) were only detected for one month in Kamarimar and 3 months in Tirion. The number of houses in a homestead, number of people sleeping in the house, quality of the house, presence or absence of domestic animals, and distance to the animal shelter and the nearest larval habitat were significant predictors of An. arabiensis occurrence. Conclusion Malaria transmission in the study area is seasonal with An. arabiensis as the dominant vector. The fact this species feeds readily on humans and domestic animals suggest that zooprophylaxis may be ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Homestead ENVELOPE(-119.369,-119.369,55.517,55.517) Malaria Journal 10 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Mbogo Charles M Muturi Ephantus J Shililu Josephat I Irungu Lucy W Mala Albert O Njagi Joseph K Mukabana Wolfgang R Githure John I Plasmodium falciparum transmission and aridity: a Kenyan experience from the dry lands of Baringo and its implications for Anopheles arabiensis control |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background The ecology of malaria vectors particularly in semi-arid areas of Africa is poorly understood. Accurate knowledge on this subject will boost current efforts to reduce the burden of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to describe the dynamics of malaria transmission in two model semi-arid sites (Kamarimar and Tirion) in Baringo in Kenya. Methods Adult mosquitoes were collected indoors by pyrethrum spray collections (PSC) and outdoors by Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps and identified to species by morphological characteristics. Sibling species of Anopheles gambiae complex were further characterized by rDNA. PCR and enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assays (ELISA) were used to test for Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite proteins and host blood meal sources respectively. Results Anopheles arabiensis was not only the most dominant mosquito species in both study sites but also the only sibling species of An. gambiae s.l. present in the area. Other species identified in the study area were Anopheles funestus , Anopheles pharoensis and Anopheles coustani . For Kamarimar but not Tirion, the human blood index (HBI) for light trap samples was significantly higher than for PSC samples (Kamarimar, 0.63 and 0.11, Tirion, 0.48 and 0.43). The HBI for light trap samples was significantly higher in Kamarimar than in Tirion while that of PSC samples was significantly higher in Tirion than in Kamarimar. Entomological inoculation rates (EIR) were only detected for one month in Kamarimar and 3 months in Tirion. The number of houses in a homestead, number of people sleeping in the house, quality of the house, presence or absence of domestic animals, and distance to the animal shelter and the nearest larval habitat were significant predictors of An. arabiensis occurrence. Conclusion Malaria transmission in the study area is seasonal with An. arabiensis as the dominant vector. The fact this species feeds readily on humans and domestic animals suggest that zooprophylaxis may be ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mbogo Charles M Muturi Ephantus J Shililu Josephat I Irungu Lucy W Mala Albert O Njagi Joseph K Mukabana Wolfgang R Githure John I |
author_facet |
Mbogo Charles M Muturi Ephantus J Shililu Josephat I Irungu Lucy W Mala Albert O Njagi Joseph K Mukabana Wolfgang R Githure John I |
author_sort |
Mbogo Charles M |
title |
Plasmodium falciparum transmission and aridity: a Kenyan experience from the dry lands of Baringo and its implications for Anopheles arabiensis control |
title_short |
Plasmodium falciparum transmission and aridity: a Kenyan experience from the dry lands of Baringo and its implications for Anopheles arabiensis control |
title_full |
Plasmodium falciparum transmission and aridity: a Kenyan experience from the dry lands of Baringo and its implications for Anopheles arabiensis control |
title_fullStr |
Plasmodium falciparum transmission and aridity: a Kenyan experience from the dry lands of Baringo and its implications for Anopheles arabiensis control |
title_full_unstemmed |
Plasmodium falciparum transmission and aridity: a Kenyan experience from the dry lands of Baringo and its implications for Anopheles arabiensis control |
title_sort |
plasmodium falciparum transmission and aridity: a kenyan experience from the dry lands of baringo and its implications for anopheles arabiensis control |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-121 https://doaj.org/article/b73188e063974fc5a0b41e62339729e6 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-119.369,-119.369,55.517,55.517) |
geographic |
Arctic Homestead |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Homestead |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 121 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/10/1/121 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-10-121 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/b73188e063974fc5a0b41e62339729e6 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-121 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766348405005615104 |