Ozone and water vapor variability in the polar middle atmosphere observed with ground-based microwave radiometers

Leveraging continuous ozone and water vapor measurements with the two ground-based radiometers GROMOS-C and MIAWARA-C at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79 ∘ N, 12 ∘ E) that started in September 2015 and combining MERRA-2 and Aura-MLS datasets, we analyze the interannual behavior and differences in ozone and...

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Published in:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Main Authors: G. Shi, W. Krochin, E. Sauvageat, G. Stober
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9137-2023
https://doaj.org/article/b6aef494d35d40c7ab87f8d6ff3b1be8
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b6aef494d35d40c7ab87f8d6ff3b1be8 2023-09-05T13:22:05+02:00 Ozone and water vapor variability in the polar middle atmosphere observed with ground-based microwave radiometers G. Shi W. Krochin E. Sauvageat G. Stober 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9137-2023 https://doaj.org/article/b6aef494d35d40c7ab87f8d6ff3b1be8 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/9137/2023/acp-23-9137-2023.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-23-9137-2023 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/b6aef494d35d40c7ab87f8d6ff3b1be8 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 23, Pp 9137-9159 (2023) Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9137-2023 2023-08-20T00:34:11Z Leveraging continuous ozone and water vapor measurements with the two ground-based radiometers GROMOS-C and MIAWARA-C at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79 ∘ N, 12 ∘ E) that started in September 2015 and combining MERRA-2 and Aura-MLS datasets, we analyze the interannual behavior and differences in ozone and water vapor and compile climatologies of both trace gases describing the annual variation of ozone and water vapor at polar latitudes. A climatological comparison of the measurements from our ground-based radiometers with reanalysis and satellite data was performed. Overall differences between GROMOS-C and Aura-MLS ozone volume mixing ratio (VMR) climatology are mainly within ± 7 % throughout the middle and upper stratosphere and exceed 10 % in the lower mesosphere (1–0.1 hPa) in March and October. For the water vapor climatology, the average 5 % agreement is between MIAWARA-C and Aura-MLS water vapor VMR values throughout the stratosphere and mesosphere (100–0.01 hPa). The comparison to MERRA-2 yields an agreement that reveals discrepancies larger than 50 % above 0.2 hPa depending on the implemented radiative transfer schemes and other model physics. Furthermore, we perform a conjugate latitude comparison by defining a virtual station in the Southern Hemisphere at the geographic coordinate (79 ∘ S, 12 ∘ E) to investigate interhemispheric differences in the atmospheric compositions. Both trace gases show much more pronounced interannual and seasonal variability in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere. We estimate the effective water vapor transport vertical velocities corresponding to upwelling and downwelling periods driven by the residual circulation. In the Northern Hemisphere, the water vapor ascent rate (5 May to 20 June in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2021 and 15 April to 31 May in 2019 and 2020) is 3.4 ± 1.9 mm s −1 from MIAWARA-C and 4.6 ± 1.8 mm s −1 from Aura-MLS, and the descent rate (15 September to 31 October in 2015–2021) is 5.0 ± 1.1 mm s −1 from MIAWARA-C and 5.4 ± 1.5 mm s −1 from ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Svalbard Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Merra ENVELOPE(12.615,12.615,65.816,65.816) Ny-Ålesund Svalbard Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23 16 9137 9159
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language English
topic Physics
QC1-999
Chemistry
QD1-999
spellingShingle Physics
QC1-999
Chemistry
QD1-999
G. Shi
W. Krochin
E. Sauvageat
G. Stober
Ozone and water vapor variability in the polar middle atmosphere observed with ground-based microwave radiometers
topic_facet Physics
QC1-999
Chemistry
QD1-999
description Leveraging continuous ozone and water vapor measurements with the two ground-based radiometers GROMOS-C and MIAWARA-C at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79 ∘ N, 12 ∘ E) that started in September 2015 and combining MERRA-2 and Aura-MLS datasets, we analyze the interannual behavior and differences in ozone and water vapor and compile climatologies of both trace gases describing the annual variation of ozone and water vapor at polar latitudes. A climatological comparison of the measurements from our ground-based radiometers with reanalysis and satellite data was performed. Overall differences between GROMOS-C and Aura-MLS ozone volume mixing ratio (VMR) climatology are mainly within ± 7 % throughout the middle and upper stratosphere and exceed 10 % in the lower mesosphere (1–0.1 hPa) in March and October. For the water vapor climatology, the average 5 % agreement is between MIAWARA-C and Aura-MLS water vapor VMR values throughout the stratosphere and mesosphere (100–0.01 hPa). The comparison to MERRA-2 yields an agreement that reveals discrepancies larger than 50 % above 0.2 hPa depending on the implemented radiative transfer schemes and other model physics. Furthermore, we perform a conjugate latitude comparison by defining a virtual station in the Southern Hemisphere at the geographic coordinate (79 ∘ S, 12 ∘ E) to investigate interhemispheric differences in the atmospheric compositions. Both trace gases show much more pronounced interannual and seasonal variability in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere. We estimate the effective water vapor transport vertical velocities corresponding to upwelling and downwelling periods driven by the residual circulation. In the Northern Hemisphere, the water vapor ascent rate (5 May to 20 June in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2021 and 15 April to 31 May in 2019 and 2020) is 3.4 ± 1.9 mm s −1 from MIAWARA-C and 4.6 ± 1.8 mm s −1 from Aura-MLS, and the descent rate (15 September to 31 October in 2015–2021) is 5.0 ± 1.1 mm s −1 from MIAWARA-C and 5.4 ± 1.5 mm s −1 from ...
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author G. Shi
W. Krochin
E. Sauvageat
G. Stober
author_facet G. Shi
W. Krochin
E. Sauvageat
G. Stober
author_sort G. Shi
title Ozone and water vapor variability in the polar middle atmosphere observed with ground-based microwave radiometers
title_short Ozone and water vapor variability in the polar middle atmosphere observed with ground-based microwave radiometers
title_full Ozone and water vapor variability in the polar middle atmosphere observed with ground-based microwave radiometers
title_fullStr Ozone and water vapor variability in the polar middle atmosphere observed with ground-based microwave radiometers
title_full_unstemmed Ozone and water vapor variability in the polar middle atmosphere observed with ground-based microwave radiometers
title_sort ozone and water vapor variability in the polar middle atmosphere observed with ground-based microwave radiometers
publisher Copernicus Publications
publishDate 2023
url https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9137-2023
https://doaj.org/article/b6aef494d35d40c7ab87f8d6ff3b1be8
long_lat ENVELOPE(12.615,12.615,65.816,65.816)
geographic Merra
Ny-Ålesund
Svalbard
geographic_facet Merra
Ny-Ålesund
Svalbard
genre Ny Ålesund
Ny-Ålesund
Svalbard
genre_facet Ny Ålesund
Ny-Ålesund
Svalbard
op_source Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 23, Pp 9137-9159 (2023)
op_relation https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/9137/2023/acp-23-9137-2023.pdf
https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316
https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324
doi:10.5194/acp-23-9137-2023
1680-7316
1680-7324
https://doaj.org/article/b6aef494d35d40c7ab87f8d6ff3b1be8
op_doi https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9137-2023
container_title Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
container_volume 23
container_issue 16
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