Factors controlling the competition between Phaeocystis and diatoms in the Southern Ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes
The high-latitude Southern Ocean phytoplankton community is shaped by the competition between Phaeocystis and silicifying diatoms, with the relative abundance of these two groups controlling primary and export production, the production of dimethylsulfide, the ratio of silicic acid and nitrate avail...
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2021
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b4e8ad03b65e47f1a196e4a10dedf5d4 2023-05-15T18:07:34+02:00 Factors controlling the competition between Phaeocystis and diatoms in the Southern Ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes C. Nissen M. Vogt 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-251-2021 https://doaj.org/article/b4e8ad03b65e47f1a196e4a10dedf5d4 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/18/251/2021/bg-18-251-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-18-251-2021 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/b4e8ad03b65e47f1a196e4a10dedf5d4 Biogeosciences, Vol 18, Pp 251-283 (2021) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-251-2021 2022-12-31T15:27:14Z The high-latitude Southern Ocean phytoplankton community is shaped by the competition between Phaeocystis and silicifying diatoms, with the relative abundance of these two groups controlling primary and export production, the production of dimethylsulfide, the ratio of silicic acid and nitrate available in the water column, and the structure of the food web. Here, we investigate this competition using a regional physical–biogeochemical–ecological model (ROMS-BEC) configured at eddy-permitting resolution for the Southern Ocean south of 35 ∘ S. We improved ROMS-BEC by adding an explicit parameterization of Phaeocystis colonies so that the model, together with the previous addition of an explicit coccolithophore type, now includes all biogeochemically relevant Southern Ocean phytoplankton types. We find that Phaeocystis contribute 46±21 % (1 σ in space) and 40±20 % to annual net primary production (NPP) and particulate organic carbon (POC) export south of 60 ∘ S, respectively, making them an important contributor to high-latitude carbon cycling. In our simulation, the relative importance of Phaeocystis and diatoms is mainly controlled by spatiotemporal variability in temperature and iron availability. In addition, in more coastal areas, such as the Ross Sea, the higher light sensitivity of Phaeocystis at low irradiances promotes the succession from Phaeocystis to diatoms. Differences in the biomass loss rates, such as aggregation or grazing by zooplankton, need to be considered to explain the simulated seasonal biomass evolution and carbon export fluxes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ross Sea Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Ross Sea Southern Ocean Biogeosciences 18 1 251 283 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 C. Nissen M. Vogt Factors controlling the competition between Phaeocystis and diatoms in the Southern Ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
The high-latitude Southern Ocean phytoplankton community is shaped by the competition between Phaeocystis and silicifying diatoms, with the relative abundance of these two groups controlling primary and export production, the production of dimethylsulfide, the ratio of silicic acid and nitrate available in the water column, and the structure of the food web. Here, we investigate this competition using a regional physical–biogeochemical–ecological model (ROMS-BEC) configured at eddy-permitting resolution for the Southern Ocean south of 35 ∘ S. We improved ROMS-BEC by adding an explicit parameterization of Phaeocystis colonies so that the model, together with the previous addition of an explicit coccolithophore type, now includes all biogeochemically relevant Southern Ocean phytoplankton types. We find that Phaeocystis contribute 46±21 % (1 σ in space) and 40±20 % to annual net primary production (NPP) and particulate organic carbon (POC) export south of 60 ∘ S, respectively, making them an important contributor to high-latitude carbon cycling. In our simulation, the relative importance of Phaeocystis and diatoms is mainly controlled by spatiotemporal variability in temperature and iron availability. In addition, in more coastal areas, such as the Ross Sea, the higher light sensitivity of Phaeocystis at low irradiances promotes the succession from Phaeocystis to diatoms. Differences in the biomass loss rates, such as aggregation or grazing by zooplankton, need to be considered to explain the simulated seasonal biomass evolution and carbon export fluxes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
C. Nissen M. Vogt |
author_facet |
C. Nissen M. Vogt |
author_sort |
C. Nissen |
title |
Factors controlling the competition between Phaeocystis and diatoms in the Southern Ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes |
title_short |
Factors controlling the competition between Phaeocystis and diatoms in the Southern Ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes |
title_full |
Factors controlling the competition between Phaeocystis and diatoms in the Southern Ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes |
title_fullStr |
Factors controlling the competition between Phaeocystis and diatoms in the Southern Ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factors controlling the competition between Phaeocystis and diatoms in the Southern Ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes |
title_sort |
factors controlling the competition between phaeocystis and diatoms in the southern ocean and implications for carbon export fluxes |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-251-2021 https://doaj.org/article/b4e8ad03b65e47f1a196e4a10dedf5d4 |
geographic |
Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
genre |
Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 18, Pp 251-283 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/18/251/2021/bg-18-251-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-18-251-2021 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/b4e8ad03b65e47f1a196e4a10dedf5d4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-251-2021 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
251 |
op_container_end_page |
283 |
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1766179768355520512 |