Effects of UV Radiation on the Chlorophyte Micromonas polaris Host–Virus Interactions and MpoV-45T Virus Infectivity

• Published in: Microorganisms
• Main Authors: Charlotte Eich, Sven B. E. H. Pont, Corina P. D. Brussaard
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021
• Subjects: arctic; Micromonas polaris; UV-AB; UV-C; virus decay; virus production; Biology (General); QH301-705.5; Arctic; Phytoplankton
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122429; https://doaj.org/article/b3b36aa4f31c419e917f8176eb9b3853

Polar seas are under threat of enhanced UV-radiation as well as increasing shipping activities. Considering the ecological importance of marine viruses, it is timely to study the impact of UV-AB on Arctic phytoplankton host–virus interactions and also test the efficacy of ballast water (BW) UV-C treatment on virus infectivity. This study examined the effects of: (i) ecologically relevant doses of UV-AB radiation on Micromonas polaris RCC2258 and its virus MpoV-45T, and (ii) UV-C radiation (doses 25–800 mJ cm −2 ) on MpoV-45T and other temperate algal viruses. Total UV-AB exposure was 6, 12, 28 and 48 h (during the light periods, over 72 h total). Strongest reduction in algal growth and photosynthetic efficiency occurred for 28 and 48 h UV-AB treatments, and consequently the virus production rates and burst sizes were reduced by more than half (compared with PAR-only controls). For the shorter UV-AB exposed cultures, negative effects by UV (especially Fv/Fm) were overcome without impacting virus proliferation. To obtain the BW desired log −4 reduction in virus infectivity, a UV-C dose of at least 400 mJ cm −2 was needed for MpoV-45T and the temperate algal viruses. This is higher than the commonly used dose of 300 mJ cm −2 in BW treatment.