ENSO Teleconnection to Interannual Variability in Carbon Monoxide Over the North Atlantic European Region in Spring
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an important trace gas in the troposphere, while the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is the most important tropical climate variability. ENSO is known to influence interannual variation in meteorological variables on the global scale but its influence on atmosp...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b374616995b04c0a90951dd19b2a221a 2023-05-15T17:30:42+02:00 ENSO Teleconnection to Interannual Variability in Carbon Monoxide Over the North Atlantic European Region in Spring Yi Liu Jane Liu Min Xie Keyan Fang David W. Tarasick Honglei Wang Lingyun Meng Xugeng Cheng Han Han Xun Zhang 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.894779 https://doaj.org/article/b374616995b04c0a90951dd19b2a221a EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.894779/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-665X 2296-665X doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.894779 https://doaj.org/article/b374616995b04c0a90951dd19b2a221a Frontiers in Environmental Science, Vol 10 (2022) carbon monoxide North Atlantic European region biomass burning transport ENSO (El nino/southern oscillation) Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.894779 2022-12-30T23:20:31Z Carbon monoxide (CO) is an important trace gas in the troposphere, while the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is the most important tropical climate variability. ENSO is known to influence interannual variation in meteorological variables on the global scale but its influence on atmospheric CO over large areas in a long term is uncertain. Here we report a strong positive teleconnection between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in winter (November to February) to tropospheric CO over the North Atlantic European region (NAE) in the following spring (March to May). This ENSO teleconnection is evident in trajectory-mapped airborne CO data (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System, IAGOS) over 2002–2019. CO concentrations in El Niño years are 5–20 ppbv higher than those in La Niña years over the NAE troposphere. The regional mean difference from the surface to 300 hPa is 9.4 ppbv (7.6% of the mean). The correlation coefficient (r) between the ENSO index and detrended CO concentrations in the NAE is 0.67 at 400 hPa and 0.63 near the surface, both statistically significant at the 95% level. Such a teleconnection is also observed in independent surface observations, with r ranging from 0.57 to 0.74, all at 95% significance level. From analysis of fire emissions and atmospheric conditions, combined with tagged CO simulations using a chemical transport model, GEOS-Chem, we conclude that this teleconnection results from the combined effects of ENSO on both biomass burning and atmospheric transport. We find that in El Niño years, CO emissions from biomass burning are significantly enhanced in Northern Hemispheric South America, Southeast Asia, and North America due to warmer air temperatures and lowered precipitation. In addition, ENSO enhances CO transport from these regions to the NAE by enhancing upward and northeastward motions in the fire regions, accelerating westerlies over 20°N–40°N, and prompting ascents over the Atlantic and descents over Europe, while reducing CO outflow at the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Frontiers in Environmental Science 10 |
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Open Polar |
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op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
carbon monoxide North Atlantic European region biomass burning transport ENSO (El nino/southern oscillation) Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
carbon monoxide North Atlantic European region biomass burning transport ENSO (El nino/southern oscillation) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Yi Liu Jane Liu Min Xie Keyan Fang David W. Tarasick Honglei Wang Lingyun Meng Xugeng Cheng Han Han Xun Zhang ENSO Teleconnection to Interannual Variability in Carbon Monoxide Over the North Atlantic European Region in Spring |
topic_facet |
carbon monoxide North Atlantic European region biomass burning transport ENSO (El nino/southern oscillation) Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an important trace gas in the troposphere, while the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is the most important tropical climate variability. ENSO is known to influence interannual variation in meteorological variables on the global scale but its influence on atmospheric CO over large areas in a long term is uncertain. Here we report a strong positive teleconnection between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in winter (November to February) to tropospheric CO over the North Atlantic European region (NAE) in the following spring (March to May). This ENSO teleconnection is evident in trajectory-mapped airborne CO data (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System, IAGOS) over 2002–2019. CO concentrations in El Niño years are 5–20 ppbv higher than those in La Niña years over the NAE troposphere. The regional mean difference from the surface to 300 hPa is 9.4 ppbv (7.6% of the mean). The correlation coefficient (r) between the ENSO index and detrended CO concentrations in the NAE is 0.67 at 400 hPa and 0.63 near the surface, both statistically significant at the 95% level. Such a teleconnection is also observed in independent surface observations, with r ranging from 0.57 to 0.74, all at 95% significance level. From analysis of fire emissions and atmospheric conditions, combined with tagged CO simulations using a chemical transport model, GEOS-Chem, we conclude that this teleconnection results from the combined effects of ENSO on both biomass burning and atmospheric transport. We find that in El Niño years, CO emissions from biomass burning are significantly enhanced in Northern Hemispheric South America, Southeast Asia, and North America due to warmer air temperatures and lowered precipitation. In addition, ENSO enhances CO transport from these regions to the NAE by enhancing upward and northeastward motions in the fire regions, accelerating westerlies over 20°N–40°N, and prompting ascents over the Atlantic and descents over Europe, while reducing CO outflow at the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yi Liu Jane Liu Min Xie Keyan Fang David W. Tarasick Honglei Wang Lingyun Meng Xugeng Cheng Han Han Xun Zhang |
author_facet |
Yi Liu Jane Liu Min Xie Keyan Fang David W. Tarasick Honglei Wang Lingyun Meng Xugeng Cheng Han Han Xun Zhang |
author_sort |
Yi Liu |
title |
ENSO Teleconnection to Interannual Variability in Carbon Monoxide Over the North Atlantic European Region in Spring |
title_short |
ENSO Teleconnection to Interannual Variability in Carbon Monoxide Over the North Atlantic European Region in Spring |
title_full |
ENSO Teleconnection to Interannual Variability in Carbon Monoxide Over the North Atlantic European Region in Spring |
title_fullStr |
ENSO Teleconnection to Interannual Variability in Carbon Monoxide Over the North Atlantic European Region in Spring |
title_full_unstemmed |
ENSO Teleconnection to Interannual Variability in Carbon Monoxide Over the North Atlantic European Region in Spring |
title_sort |
enso teleconnection to interannual variability in carbon monoxide over the north atlantic european region in spring |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.894779 https://doaj.org/article/b374616995b04c0a90951dd19b2a221a |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Frontiers in Environmental Science, Vol 10 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.894779/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-665X 2296-665X doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.894779 https://doaj.org/article/b374616995b04c0a90951dd19b2a221a |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.894779 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Environmental Science |
container_volume |
10 |
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1766127591621656576 |