Different Behaviours of the Ross and Weddell Seas Surface Heat Fluxes in the Period 1972–2015
Operational analyses and re-analyses, provided by ECMWF for the period 1972–2015, were used to investigate the behaviour of the surface heat fluxes between ocean and atmosphere, estimated via empirical formulae, over the Ross and Weddell Seas. The presence and thickness of sea ice cover, which stron...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b3633dca4d97481ab7e7e692fbbb0bbb 2023-05-15T18:07:34+02:00 Different Behaviours of the Ross and Weddell Seas Surface Heat Fluxes in the Period 1972–2015 Giannetta Fusco Yuri Cotroneo Giuseppe Aulicino 2018-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/cli6010017 https://doaj.org/article/b3633dca4d97481ab7e7e692fbbb0bbb EN eng MDPI AG http://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/6/1/17 https://doaj.org/toc/2225-1154 2225-1154 doi:10.3390/cli6010017 https://doaj.org/article/b3633dca4d97481ab7e7e692fbbb0bbb Climate, Vol 6, Iss 1, p 17 (2018) surface heat fluxes El Niño–Southern Oscillation Southern Annular Mode Ross and Weddell Seas Science Q article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/cli6010017 2022-12-31T14:12:24Z Operational analyses and re-analyses, provided by ECMWF for the period 1972–2015, were used to investigate the behaviour of the surface heat fluxes between ocean and atmosphere, estimated via empirical formulae, over the Ross and Weddell Seas. The presence and thickness of sea ice cover, which strongly affects ocean-atmosphere interactions, was estimated through Special Sensor Microwave Imager and Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder brightness temperatures. Because of the lack of ice information before 1992, daily averaged ice and snow thickness obtained from the 1992–2012 dataset has been used as a ‘climatological year’ for the 1972–2015 period. The heat loss in the Ross Sea reached its maximum in 2008 (−98 W∙m−2) and its minimum (−58 W∙m−2) in 1980, while in the Weddell Sea, it ranged between −65 W∙m−2 (1999) and −99 W∙m−2 (2015). Results showed that the surface heat fluxes behaviour in the two seas moved from opposite to synchronous during the study period. The wavelet analysis was applied to evaluate if this result might be linked to the signature of global climate variability expressed by El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Southern Annular Mode (SAM). The synchronous behaviour of the surface heat fluxes in the Ross and Weddell seas, observed since 2001, coincides with a change in the energy peak associated to the time scale of the SAM variability, which moved from 32 to 64 months during 1990s. This change generates a common energy peak for the SAM and ENSO with a lagged in phase relationship between the signals, possibly influencing the behaviour of the surface heat fluxes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ross Sea Sea ice Weddell Sea Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Weddell Sea Ross Sea Weddell Climate 6 1 17 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
surface heat fluxes El Niño–Southern Oscillation Southern Annular Mode Ross and Weddell Seas Science Q |
spellingShingle |
surface heat fluxes El Niño–Southern Oscillation Southern Annular Mode Ross and Weddell Seas Science Q Giannetta Fusco Yuri Cotroneo Giuseppe Aulicino Different Behaviours of the Ross and Weddell Seas Surface Heat Fluxes in the Period 1972–2015 |
topic_facet |
surface heat fluxes El Niño–Southern Oscillation Southern Annular Mode Ross and Weddell Seas Science Q |
description |
Operational analyses and re-analyses, provided by ECMWF for the period 1972–2015, were used to investigate the behaviour of the surface heat fluxes between ocean and atmosphere, estimated via empirical formulae, over the Ross and Weddell Seas. The presence and thickness of sea ice cover, which strongly affects ocean-atmosphere interactions, was estimated through Special Sensor Microwave Imager and Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder brightness temperatures. Because of the lack of ice information before 1992, daily averaged ice and snow thickness obtained from the 1992–2012 dataset has been used as a ‘climatological year’ for the 1972–2015 period. The heat loss in the Ross Sea reached its maximum in 2008 (−98 W∙m−2) and its minimum (−58 W∙m−2) in 1980, while in the Weddell Sea, it ranged between −65 W∙m−2 (1999) and −99 W∙m−2 (2015). Results showed that the surface heat fluxes behaviour in the two seas moved from opposite to synchronous during the study period. The wavelet analysis was applied to evaluate if this result might be linked to the signature of global climate variability expressed by El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Southern Annular Mode (SAM). The synchronous behaviour of the surface heat fluxes in the Ross and Weddell seas, observed since 2001, coincides with a change in the energy peak associated to the time scale of the SAM variability, which moved from 32 to 64 months during 1990s. This change generates a common energy peak for the SAM and ENSO with a lagged in phase relationship between the signals, possibly influencing the behaviour of the surface heat fluxes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Giannetta Fusco Yuri Cotroneo Giuseppe Aulicino |
author_facet |
Giannetta Fusco Yuri Cotroneo Giuseppe Aulicino |
author_sort |
Giannetta Fusco |
title |
Different Behaviours of the Ross and Weddell Seas Surface Heat Fluxes in the Period 1972–2015 |
title_short |
Different Behaviours of the Ross and Weddell Seas Surface Heat Fluxes in the Period 1972–2015 |
title_full |
Different Behaviours of the Ross and Weddell Seas Surface Heat Fluxes in the Period 1972–2015 |
title_fullStr |
Different Behaviours of the Ross and Weddell Seas Surface Heat Fluxes in the Period 1972–2015 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Different Behaviours of the Ross and Weddell Seas Surface Heat Fluxes in the Period 1972–2015 |
title_sort |
different behaviours of the ross and weddell seas surface heat fluxes in the period 1972–2015 |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/cli6010017 https://doaj.org/article/b3633dca4d97481ab7e7e692fbbb0bbb |
geographic |
Weddell Sea Ross Sea Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Weddell Sea Ross Sea Weddell |
genre |
Ross Sea Sea ice Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Ross Sea Sea ice Weddell Sea |
op_source |
Climate, Vol 6, Iss 1, p 17 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/6/1/17 https://doaj.org/toc/2225-1154 2225-1154 doi:10.3390/cli6010017 https://doaj.org/article/b3633dca4d97481ab7e7e692fbbb0bbb |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/cli6010017 |
container_title |
Climate |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
17 |
_version_ |
1766179770911948800 |