Gill Mucus and Gill Mucin O -glycosylation in Healthy and Amebic Gill Disease-Affected Atlantic Salmon
Amoebic gill disease (AGD) causes poor performance and death in salmonids. Mucins are mainly comprised by carbohydrates and are main components of the mucus covering the gill. Since glycans regulate pathogen binding and growth, glycosylation changes may affect susceptibility to primary and secondary...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:b26d71c8d6ee4045adb9c6eabd1e8599 2023-05-15T15:30:45+02:00 Gill Mucus and Gill Mucin O -glycosylation in Healthy and Amebic Gill Disease-Affected Atlantic Salmon John Benktander János T. Padra Ben Maynard George Birchenough Natasha A. Botwright Russel McCulloch James W. Wynne Sinan Sharba Kristina Sundell Henrik Sundh Sara K. Lindén 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121871 https://doaj.org/article/b26d71c8d6ee4045adb9c6eabd1e8599 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/12/1871 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607 doi:10.3390/microorganisms8121871 2076-2607 https://doaj.org/article/b26d71c8d6ee4045adb9c6eabd1e8599 Microorganisms, Vol 8, Iss 1871, p 1871 (2020) glycosylation amebic gill disease mucosal immunology mucin mucus gill Biology (General) QH301-705.5 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121871 2022-12-31T15:29:05Z Amoebic gill disease (AGD) causes poor performance and death in salmonids. Mucins are mainly comprised by carbohydrates and are main components of the mucus covering the gill. Since glycans regulate pathogen binding and growth, glycosylation changes may affect susceptibility to primary and secondary infections. We investigated gill mucin O -glycosylation from Atlantic salmon with and without AGD using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Gill mucin glycans were larger and more complex, diverse and fucosylated than skin mucins. Confocal microscopy revealed that fucosylated mucus coated sialylated mucus strands in ex vivo gill mucus. Terminal HexNAcs were more abundant among O -glycans from AGD-affected Atlantic salmon, whereas core 1 structures and structures with acidic moieties such as N -acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) and sulfate groups were less abundant compared to non-infected fish. The fucosylated and NeuAc-containing O -glycans were inversely proportional, with infected fish on the lower scale of NeuAc abundance and high on fucosylated structures. The fucosylated epitopes were of three types: Fuc-HexNAc-R, Gal-[Fuc-]HexNAc-R and HexNAc-[Fuc-]HexNAc-R. These blood group-like structures could be an avenue to diversify the glycan repertoire to limit infection in the exposed gills. Furthermore, care must be taken when using skin mucus as proxy for gill mucus, as gill mucins are distinctly different from skin mucins. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Microorganisms 8 12 1871 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
glycosylation amebic gill disease mucosal immunology mucin mucus gill Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
spellingShingle |
glycosylation amebic gill disease mucosal immunology mucin mucus gill Biology (General) QH301-705.5 John Benktander János T. Padra Ben Maynard George Birchenough Natasha A. Botwright Russel McCulloch James W. Wynne Sinan Sharba Kristina Sundell Henrik Sundh Sara K. Lindén Gill Mucus and Gill Mucin O -glycosylation in Healthy and Amebic Gill Disease-Affected Atlantic Salmon |
topic_facet |
glycosylation amebic gill disease mucosal immunology mucin mucus gill Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
description |
Amoebic gill disease (AGD) causes poor performance and death in salmonids. Mucins are mainly comprised by carbohydrates and are main components of the mucus covering the gill. Since glycans regulate pathogen binding and growth, glycosylation changes may affect susceptibility to primary and secondary infections. We investigated gill mucin O -glycosylation from Atlantic salmon with and without AGD using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Gill mucin glycans were larger and more complex, diverse and fucosylated than skin mucins. Confocal microscopy revealed that fucosylated mucus coated sialylated mucus strands in ex vivo gill mucus. Terminal HexNAcs were more abundant among O -glycans from AGD-affected Atlantic salmon, whereas core 1 structures and structures with acidic moieties such as N -acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) and sulfate groups were less abundant compared to non-infected fish. The fucosylated and NeuAc-containing O -glycans were inversely proportional, with infected fish on the lower scale of NeuAc abundance and high on fucosylated structures. The fucosylated epitopes were of three types: Fuc-HexNAc-R, Gal-[Fuc-]HexNAc-R and HexNAc-[Fuc-]HexNAc-R. These blood group-like structures could be an avenue to diversify the glycan repertoire to limit infection in the exposed gills. Furthermore, care must be taken when using skin mucus as proxy for gill mucus, as gill mucins are distinctly different from skin mucins. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
John Benktander János T. Padra Ben Maynard George Birchenough Natasha A. Botwright Russel McCulloch James W. Wynne Sinan Sharba Kristina Sundell Henrik Sundh Sara K. Lindén |
author_facet |
John Benktander János T. Padra Ben Maynard George Birchenough Natasha A. Botwright Russel McCulloch James W. Wynne Sinan Sharba Kristina Sundell Henrik Sundh Sara K. Lindén |
author_sort |
John Benktander |
title |
Gill Mucus and Gill Mucin O -glycosylation in Healthy and Amebic Gill Disease-Affected Atlantic Salmon |
title_short |
Gill Mucus and Gill Mucin O -glycosylation in Healthy and Amebic Gill Disease-Affected Atlantic Salmon |
title_full |
Gill Mucus and Gill Mucin O -glycosylation in Healthy and Amebic Gill Disease-Affected Atlantic Salmon |
title_fullStr |
Gill Mucus and Gill Mucin O -glycosylation in Healthy and Amebic Gill Disease-Affected Atlantic Salmon |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gill Mucus and Gill Mucin O -glycosylation in Healthy and Amebic Gill Disease-Affected Atlantic Salmon |
title_sort |
gill mucus and gill mucin o -glycosylation in healthy and amebic gill disease-affected atlantic salmon |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121871 https://doaj.org/article/b26d71c8d6ee4045adb9c6eabd1e8599 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
Microorganisms, Vol 8, Iss 1871, p 1871 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/12/1871 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607 doi:10.3390/microorganisms8121871 2076-2607 https://doaj.org/article/b26d71c8d6ee4045adb9c6eabd1e8599 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121871 |
container_title |
Microorganisms |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
1871 |
_version_ |
1766361198987575296 |