Investigation of the nutritional composition of different types of salmon available to Canadian consumers
Salmon is regarded as an excellent source of nutrients and there are numerous choices in the types of salmon available. In North America, nutritional labelling for fresh seafood is not required. The lack of nutritional information may be confusing to some consumers when selecting a product for speci...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:aca723d141fd4bac82186cc389c33e34 2023-05-15T15:32:03+02:00 Investigation of the nutritional composition of different types of salmon available to Canadian consumers Stefanie M. Colombo Xenna Mazal 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100056 https://doaj.org/article/aca723d141fd4bac82186cc389c33e34 EN eng Elsevier http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154320300375 https://doaj.org/toc/2666-1543 2666-1543 doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100056 https://doaj.org/article/aca723d141fd4bac82186cc389c33e34 Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, Vol 2, Iss , Pp 100056- (2020) Farmed salmon Health Omega-3 Nutrition Salmon Wild-caught salmon Agriculture (General) S1-972 Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100056 2022-12-31T13:35:36Z Salmon is regarded as an excellent source of nutrients and there are numerous choices in the types of salmon available. In North America, nutritional labelling for fresh seafood is not required. The lack of nutritional information may be confusing to some consumers when selecting a product for specific health benefits. The aim of this study was to examine the nutritional composition of different types of salmon fillets that are commonly available to Canadian consumers, which included different species, wild and farmed, organic, and environmental sustainability certifications. Six types of salmon were analyzed: farmed Atlantic, farmed organic Atlantic, farmed organic Chinook, wild Chinook, wild Pacific (pink), and wild Sockeye. Protein, fat, fatty acids, amino acids, potassium, iron, cholesterol, and mercury were analyzed. Wild Pacific was the most dissimilar salmon type, due to high moisture content (79%), and lowest fat (0.8%) and fatty acid content, compared with all salmon types. Protein and fat were highest wild Sockeye, wild Chinook, and farmed Atlantic salmon. DHA and EPA were highest in wild Sockeye (81 mg/g) and wild Chinook (79 mg/g), and lower in farmed organic Chinook (23 mg/g), farmed Atlantic (20 mg/g), farmed organic Atlantic (16 mg/g), and wild Pacific (10 mg/g). Mercury was highest in farmed organic Chinook (0.3 μg/g) and lowest in farmed Atlantic (38% lower) and farmed organic Atlantic. Considering nutrient profiles as multivariable, PERMANOVA revealed significant differences due to salmon type, and whether it was wild or farmed, organic or non-organic, certified or not certified. Wild Sockeye and Chinook were found to be the most nutrient-dense and have the highest omega-3 content. However, for frequent consumption, farmed Atlantic salmon is an excellent option due to nutrient density, low mercury, affordability, and availability. This study is important as an indicator of the current nutritional status of various salmon products. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Sockeye ENVELOPE(-130.143,-130.143,54.160,54.160) Journal of Agriculture and Food Research 2 100056 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Farmed salmon Health Omega-3 Nutrition Salmon Wild-caught salmon Agriculture (General) S1-972 Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 |
spellingShingle |
Farmed salmon Health Omega-3 Nutrition Salmon Wild-caught salmon Agriculture (General) S1-972 Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Stefanie M. Colombo Xenna Mazal Investigation of the nutritional composition of different types of salmon available to Canadian consumers |
topic_facet |
Farmed salmon Health Omega-3 Nutrition Salmon Wild-caught salmon Agriculture (General) S1-972 Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 |
description |
Salmon is regarded as an excellent source of nutrients and there are numerous choices in the types of salmon available. In North America, nutritional labelling for fresh seafood is not required. The lack of nutritional information may be confusing to some consumers when selecting a product for specific health benefits. The aim of this study was to examine the nutritional composition of different types of salmon fillets that are commonly available to Canadian consumers, which included different species, wild and farmed, organic, and environmental sustainability certifications. Six types of salmon were analyzed: farmed Atlantic, farmed organic Atlantic, farmed organic Chinook, wild Chinook, wild Pacific (pink), and wild Sockeye. Protein, fat, fatty acids, amino acids, potassium, iron, cholesterol, and mercury were analyzed. Wild Pacific was the most dissimilar salmon type, due to high moisture content (79%), and lowest fat (0.8%) and fatty acid content, compared with all salmon types. Protein and fat were highest wild Sockeye, wild Chinook, and farmed Atlantic salmon. DHA and EPA were highest in wild Sockeye (81 mg/g) and wild Chinook (79 mg/g), and lower in farmed organic Chinook (23 mg/g), farmed Atlantic (20 mg/g), farmed organic Atlantic (16 mg/g), and wild Pacific (10 mg/g). Mercury was highest in farmed organic Chinook (0.3 μg/g) and lowest in farmed Atlantic (38% lower) and farmed organic Atlantic. Considering nutrient profiles as multivariable, PERMANOVA revealed significant differences due to salmon type, and whether it was wild or farmed, organic or non-organic, certified or not certified. Wild Sockeye and Chinook were found to be the most nutrient-dense and have the highest omega-3 content. However, for frequent consumption, farmed Atlantic salmon is an excellent option due to nutrient density, low mercury, affordability, and availability. This study is important as an indicator of the current nutritional status of various salmon products. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stefanie M. Colombo Xenna Mazal |
author_facet |
Stefanie M. Colombo Xenna Mazal |
author_sort |
Stefanie M. Colombo |
title |
Investigation of the nutritional composition of different types of salmon available to Canadian consumers |
title_short |
Investigation of the nutritional composition of different types of salmon available to Canadian consumers |
title_full |
Investigation of the nutritional composition of different types of salmon available to Canadian consumers |
title_fullStr |
Investigation of the nutritional composition of different types of salmon available to Canadian consumers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Investigation of the nutritional composition of different types of salmon available to Canadian consumers |
title_sort |
investigation of the nutritional composition of different types of salmon available to canadian consumers |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100056 https://doaj.org/article/aca723d141fd4bac82186cc389c33e34 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-130.143,-130.143,54.160,54.160) |
geographic |
Pacific Sockeye |
geographic_facet |
Pacific Sockeye |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, Vol 2, Iss , Pp 100056- (2020) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154320300375 https://doaj.org/toc/2666-1543 2666-1543 doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100056 https://doaj.org/article/aca723d141fd4bac82186cc389c33e34 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100056 |
container_title |
Journal of Agriculture and Food Research |
container_volume |
2 |
container_start_page |
100056 |
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1766362557807853568 |