Modeling the Observed Microwave Emission from Shallow Multi-Layer Tundra Snow Using DMRT-ML
The observed brightness temperatures (Tb) at 37 GHz from typical moderate density dry snow in mid-latitudes decreases with increasing snow water equivalent (SWE) due to volume scattering of the ground emissions by the overlying snow. At a certain point, however, as SWE increases, the emission from t...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:abef7ce919e74424b33c74049d3d7d8c 2023-05-15T15:18:22+02:00 Modeling the Observed Microwave Emission from Shallow Multi-Layer Tundra Snow Using DMRT-ML Nastaran Saberi Richard Kelly Peter Toose Alexandre Roy Chris Derksen 2017-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121327 https://doaj.org/article/abef7ce919e74424b33c74049d3d7d8c EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/12/1327 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs9121327 https://doaj.org/article/abef7ce919e74424b33c74049d3d7d8c Remote Sensing, Vol 9, Iss 12, p 1327 (2017) passive microwave emission modeling dense media radiative transfer-multi layered snow water equivalent airborne Science Q article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121327 2022-12-31T16:07:41Z The observed brightness temperatures (Tb) at 37 GHz from typical moderate density dry snow in mid-latitudes decreases with increasing snow water equivalent (SWE) due to volume scattering of the ground emissions by the overlying snow. At a certain point, however, as SWE increases, the emission from the snowpack offsets the scattering of the sub-nivean emission. In tundra snow, the Tb slope reversal occurs at shallower snow thicknesses. While it has been postulated that the inflection point in the seasonal time series of observed Tb V 37 GHz of tundra snow is controlled by the formation of a thick wind slab layer, the simulation of this effect has yet to be confirmed. Therefore, the Dense Media Radiative Transfer Theory for Multi Layered (DMRT-ML) snowpack is used to predict the passive microwave response from airborne observations over shallow, dense, slab-layered tundra snow. Airborne radiometer observations coordinated with ground-based in situ snow measurements were acquired in the Canadian high Arctic near Eureka, NT, in April 2011. The DMRT-ML was parameterized with the in situ snow measurements using a two-layer snowpack and run in two configurations: a depth hoar and a wind slab dominated pack. With these two configurations, the calibrated DMRT-ML successfully predicted the Tb V 37 GHz response (R correlation of 0.83) when compared with the observed airborne Tb footprints containing snow pits measurements. Using this calibrated model, the DMRT-ML was applied to the whole study region. At the satellite observation scale, observations from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) over the study area reflected seasonal differences between Tb V 37 GHz and Tb V 19 GHz that supports the hypothesis of the development of an early season volume scattering depth hoar layer, followed by the growth of the late season emission-dominated wind slab layer. This research highlights the necessity to consider the two-part emission characteristics of a slab-dominated tundra snowpack at 37 GHz ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Tundra Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Eureka ENVELOPE(-85.940,-85.940,79.990,79.990) Remote Sensing 9 12 1327 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
passive microwave emission modeling dense media radiative transfer-multi layered snow water equivalent airborne Science Q |
spellingShingle |
passive microwave emission modeling dense media radiative transfer-multi layered snow water equivalent airborne Science Q Nastaran Saberi Richard Kelly Peter Toose Alexandre Roy Chris Derksen Modeling the Observed Microwave Emission from Shallow Multi-Layer Tundra Snow Using DMRT-ML |
topic_facet |
passive microwave emission modeling dense media radiative transfer-multi layered snow water equivalent airborne Science Q |
description |
The observed brightness temperatures (Tb) at 37 GHz from typical moderate density dry snow in mid-latitudes decreases with increasing snow water equivalent (SWE) due to volume scattering of the ground emissions by the overlying snow. At a certain point, however, as SWE increases, the emission from the snowpack offsets the scattering of the sub-nivean emission. In tundra snow, the Tb slope reversal occurs at shallower snow thicknesses. While it has been postulated that the inflection point in the seasonal time series of observed Tb V 37 GHz of tundra snow is controlled by the formation of a thick wind slab layer, the simulation of this effect has yet to be confirmed. Therefore, the Dense Media Radiative Transfer Theory for Multi Layered (DMRT-ML) snowpack is used to predict the passive microwave response from airborne observations over shallow, dense, slab-layered tundra snow. Airborne radiometer observations coordinated with ground-based in situ snow measurements were acquired in the Canadian high Arctic near Eureka, NT, in April 2011. The DMRT-ML was parameterized with the in situ snow measurements using a two-layer snowpack and run in two configurations: a depth hoar and a wind slab dominated pack. With these two configurations, the calibrated DMRT-ML successfully predicted the Tb V 37 GHz response (R correlation of 0.83) when compared with the observed airborne Tb footprints containing snow pits measurements. Using this calibrated model, the DMRT-ML was applied to the whole study region. At the satellite observation scale, observations from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) over the study area reflected seasonal differences between Tb V 37 GHz and Tb V 19 GHz that supports the hypothesis of the development of an early season volume scattering depth hoar layer, followed by the growth of the late season emission-dominated wind slab layer. This research highlights the necessity to consider the two-part emission characteristics of a slab-dominated tundra snowpack at 37 GHz ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nastaran Saberi Richard Kelly Peter Toose Alexandre Roy Chris Derksen |
author_facet |
Nastaran Saberi Richard Kelly Peter Toose Alexandre Roy Chris Derksen |
author_sort |
Nastaran Saberi |
title |
Modeling the Observed Microwave Emission from Shallow Multi-Layer Tundra Snow Using DMRT-ML |
title_short |
Modeling the Observed Microwave Emission from Shallow Multi-Layer Tundra Snow Using DMRT-ML |
title_full |
Modeling the Observed Microwave Emission from Shallow Multi-Layer Tundra Snow Using DMRT-ML |
title_fullStr |
Modeling the Observed Microwave Emission from Shallow Multi-Layer Tundra Snow Using DMRT-ML |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling the Observed Microwave Emission from Shallow Multi-Layer Tundra Snow Using DMRT-ML |
title_sort |
modeling the observed microwave emission from shallow multi-layer tundra snow using dmrt-ml |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121327 https://doaj.org/article/abef7ce919e74424b33c74049d3d7d8c |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-85.940,-85.940,79.990,79.990) |
geographic |
Arctic Eureka |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Eureka |
genre |
Arctic Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Tundra |
op_source |
Remote Sensing, Vol 9, Iss 12, p 1327 (2017) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/12/1327 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs9121327 https://doaj.org/article/abef7ce919e74424b33c74049d3d7d8c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121327 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
1327 |
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1766348561762484224 |