Pathology and epidemiology of fatal toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.) from the Brazilian atlantic forest.
Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonotic disease that affects a wide range of warm-blooded host species. Neotropical primates (New World Primates; NWP) are highly susceptible, developing a lethal acute systemic disease. Toxoplasmosis in free-ranging NWP is poorly described, with only a few studies bas...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:abb388ea178e4b109da25298d6b941d2 2023-05-15T15:16:20+02:00 Pathology and epidemiology of fatal toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.) from the Brazilian atlantic forest. Ayisa Rodrigues Oliveira Jana M Ritter Daniel Oliveira Dos Santos Fabiana Pizzolato de Lucena Sara Aquino de Mattos Thaynara Parente de Carvalho Hannah Bullock Larissa Giannini Alves Moreira Izabela Magalhães Arthuso Vasconcelos Fabíola Barroso Costa Tatiane Alves da Paixão Renato Lima Santos 2022-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010782 https://doaj.org/article/abb388ea178e4b109da25298d6b941d2 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010782 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0010782 https://doaj.org/article/abb388ea178e4b109da25298d6b941d2 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0010782 (2022) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010782 2022-12-30T19:53:02Z Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonotic disease that affects a wide range of warm-blooded host species. Neotropical primates (New World Primates; NWP) are highly susceptible, developing a lethal acute systemic disease. Toxoplasmosis in free-ranging NWP is poorly described, with only a few studies based on serosurveys. Herein we performed a retrospective study focusing on the epidemiology and pathology of toxoplasmosis among 1,001 free-ranging marmoset (Callithrix spp.) deaths from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. This study included marmosets necropsied at the Instituto Municipal de Medicina Veterinária Jorge Vaitsman (IJV) from January 2017 to July 2019, which were found dead from all regions in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy were performed to better characterize toxoplasmosis in this free-ranging population. All samples were also tested for Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) RT-qPCR by the official diagnostic service. A total of 1,001 free-ranging marmosets were included in this study, with 16 (1.6%) cases of lethal Toxoplasma gondii infections identified both as individual cases and in outbreaks. Presence of infection was not associated with sex, age, geographical distribution, or year of death, and no co-infection with YFV was observed. The main pathological feature in these cases was random necrotizing hepatitis with detection of intralesional T. gondii zoites in all infected cases. Interstitial pneumonia rich in alveolar foamy macrophages and fibrin deposition, necrotizing myocarditis and necrotizing splenitis were also pathological features in affected marmosets. Therefore, toxoplasmosis was considered the cause of death in 1.6% of free-ranging marmosets in this retrospective series, including some cases associated with outbreaks. Necrotizing random hepatitis was a consistent pathological finding in affected cases and sampling of liver should be ensured from Callitrichid post mortem cases. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16 9 e0010782 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Ayisa Rodrigues Oliveira Jana M Ritter Daniel Oliveira Dos Santos Fabiana Pizzolato de Lucena Sara Aquino de Mattos Thaynara Parente de Carvalho Hannah Bullock Larissa Giannini Alves Moreira Izabela Magalhães Arthuso Vasconcelos Fabíola Barroso Costa Tatiane Alves da Paixão Renato Lima Santos Pathology and epidemiology of fatal toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.) from the Brazilian atlantic forest. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonotic disease that affects a wide range of warm-blooded host species. Neotropical primates (New World Primates; NWP) are highly susceptible, developing a lethal acute systemic disease. Toxoplasmosis in free-ranging NWP is poorly described, with only a few studies based on serosurveys. Herein we performed a retrospective study focusing on the epidemiology and pathology of toxoplasmosis among 1,001 free-ranging marmoset (Callithrix spp.) deaths from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. This study included marmosets necropsied at the Instituto Municipal de Medicina Veterinária Jorge Vaitsman (IJV) from January 2017 to July 2019, which were found dead from all regions in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy were performed to better characterize toxoplasmosis in this free-ranging population. All samples were also tested for Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) RT-qPCR by the official diagnostic service. A total of 1,001 free-ranging marmosets were included in this study, with 16 (1.6%) cases of lethal Toxoplasma gondii infections identified both as individual cases and in outbreaks. Presence of infection was not associated with sex, age, geographical distribution, or year of death, and no co-infection with YFV was observed. The main pathological feature in these cases was random necrotizing hepatitis with detection of intralesional T. gondii zoites in all infected cases. Interstitial pneumonia rich in alveolar foamy macrophages and fibrin deposition, necrotizing myocarditis and necrotizing splenitis were also pathological features in affected marmosets. Therefore, toxoplasmosis was considered the cause of death in 1.6% of free-ranging marmosets in this retrospective series, including some cases associated with outbreaks. Necrotizing random hepatitis was a consistent pathological finding in affected cases and sampling of liver should be ensured from Callitrichid post mortem cases. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ayisa Rodrigues Oliveira Jana M Ritter Daniel Oliveira Dos Santos Fabiana Pizzolato de Lucena Sara Aquino de Mattos Thaynara Parente de Carvalho Hannah Bullock Larissa Giannini Alves Moreira Izabela Magalhães Arthuso Vasconcelos Fabíola Barroso Costa Tatiane Alves da Paixão Renato Lima Santos |
author_facet |
Ayisa Rodrigues Oliveira Jana M Ritter Daniel Oliveira Dos Santos Fabiana Pizzolato de Lucena Sara Aquino de Mattos Thaynara Parente de Carvalho Hannah Bullock Larissa Giannini Alves Moreira Izabela Magalhães Arthuso Vasconcelos Fabíola Barroso Costa Tatiane Alves da Paixão Renato Lima Santos |
author_sort |
Ayisa Rodrigues Oliveira |
title |
Pathology and epidemiology of fatal toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.) from the Brazilian atlantic forest. |
title_short |
Pathology and epidemiology of fatal toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.) from the Brazilian atlantic forest. |
title_full |
Pathology and epidemiology of fatal toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.) from the Brazilian atlantic forest. |
title_fullStr |
Pathology and epidemiology of fatal toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.) from the Brazilian atlantic forest. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pathology and epidemiology of fatal toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.) from the Brazilian atlantic forest. |
title_sort |
pathology and epidemiology of fatal toxoplasmosis in free-ranging marmosets (callithrix spp.) from the brazilian atlantic forest. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010782 https://doaj.org/article/abb388ea178e4b109da25298d6b941d2 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0010782 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010782 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0010782 https://doaj.org/article/abb388ea178e4b109da25298d6b941d2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010782 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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16 |
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9 |
container_start_page |
e0010782 |
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