Selecting an anti-malarial clinical candidate from two potent dihydroisoquinolones
Abstract Background The ongoing global malaria eradication campaign requires development of potent, safe, and cost-effective drugs lacking cross-resistance with existing chemotherapies. One critical step in drug development is selecting a suitable clinical candidate from late leads. The process used...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ab8cf99d57bd45dc8262fb7f25bbd884 2023-05-15T15:11:43+02:00 Selecting an anti-malarial clinical candidate from two potent dihydroisoquinolones Yizhe Chen Fangyi Zhu Jared Hammill Gloria Holbrook Lei Yang Burgess Freeman Karen L. White David M. Shackleford Kathleen G. O’Loughlin Susan A. Charman Jon C. Mirsalis R. Kiplin Guy 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03617-1 https://doaj.org/article/ab8cf99d57bd45dc8262fb7f25bbd884 EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03617-1 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-021-03617-1 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/ab8cf99d57bd45dc8262fb7f25bbd884 Malaria Journal, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021) Candidate selection Physicochemical properties In vitro and in vivo metabolism Bioavailability Dose proportional exposure Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03617-1 2022-12-31T05:14:10Z Abstract Background The ongoing global malaria eradication campaign requires development of potent, safe, and cost-effective drugs lacking cross-resistance with existing chemotherapies. One critical step in drug development is selecting a suitable clinical candidate from late leads. The process used to select the clinical candidate SJ733 from two potent dihydroisoquinolone (DHIQ) late leads, SJ733 and SJ311, based on their physicochemical, pharmacokinetic (PK), and toxicity profiles is described. Methods The compounds were tested to define their physicochemical properties including kinetic and thermodynamic solubility, partition coefficient, permeability, ionization constant, and binding to plasma proteins. Metabolic stability was assessed in both microsomes and hepatocytes derived from mice, rats, dogs, and humans. Cytochrome P450 inhibition was assessed using recombinant human cytochrome enzymes. The pharmacokinetic profiles of single intravenous or oral doses were investigated in mice, rats, and dogs. Results Although both compounds displayed similar physicochemical properties, SJ733 was more permeable but metabolically less stable than SJ311 in vitro. Single dose PK studies of SJ733 in mice, rats, and dogs demonstrated appreciable oral bioavailability (60–100%), whereas SJ311 had lower oral bioavailability (mice 23%, rats 40%) and higher renal clearance (10–30 fold higher than SJ733 in rats and dogs), suggesting less favorable exposure in humans. SJ311 also displayed a narrower range of dose-proportional exposure, with plasma exposure flattening at doses above 200 mg/kg. Conclusion SJ733 was chosen as the candidate based on a more favorable dose proportionality of exposure and stronger expectation of the ability to justify a strong therapeutic index to regulators. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 20 1 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Candidate selection Physicochemical properties In vitro and in vivo metabolism Bioavailability Dose proportional exposure Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Candidate selection Physicochemical properties In vitro and in vivo metabolism Bioavailability Dose proportional exposure Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Yizhe Chen Fangyi Zhu Jared Hammill Gloria Holbrook Lei Yang Burgess Freeman Karen L. White David M. Shackleford Kathleen G. O’Loughlin Susan A. Charman Jon C. Mirsalis R. Kiplin Guy Selecting an anti-malarial clinical candidate from two potent dihydroisoquinolones |
topic_facet |
Candidate selection Physicochemical properties In vitro and in vivo metabolism Bioavailability Dose proportional exposure Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background The ongoing global malaria eradication campaign requires development of potent, safe, and cost-effective drugs lacking cross-resistance with existing chemotherapies. One critical step in drug development is selecting a suitable clinical candidate from late leads. The process used to select the clinical candidate SJ733 from two potent dihydroisoquinolone (DHIQ) late leads, SJ733 and SJ311, based on their physicochemical, pharmacokinetic (PK), and toxicity profiles is described. Methods The compounds were tested to define their physicochemical properties including kinetic and thermodynamic solubility, partition coefficient, permeability, ionization constant, and binding to plasma proteins. Metabolic stability was assessed in both microsomes and hepatocytes derived from mice, rats, dogs, and humans. Cytochrome P450 inhibition was assessed using recombinant human cytochrome enzymes. The pharmacokinetic profiles of single intravenous or oral doses were investigated in mice, rats, and dogs. Results Although both compounds displayed similar physicochemical properties, SJ733 was more permeable but metabolically less stable than SJ311 in vitro. Single dose PK studies of SJ733 in mice, rats, and dogs demonstrated appreciable oral bioavailability (60–100%), whereas SJ311 had lower oral bioavailability (mice 23%, rats 40%) and higher renal clearance (10–30 fold higher than SJ733 in rats and dogs), suggesting less favorable exposure in humans. SJ311 also displayed a narrower range of dose-proportional exposure, with plasma exposure flattening at doses above 200 mg/kg. Conclusion SJ733 was chosen as the candidate based on a more favorable dose proportionality of exposure and stronger expectation of the ability to justify a strong therapeutic index to regulators. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yizhe Chen Fangyi Zhu Jared Hammill Gloria Holbrook Lei Yang Burgess Freeman Karen L. White David M. Shackleford Kathleen G. O’Loughlin Susan A. Charman Jon C. Mirsalis R. Kiplin Guy |
author_facet |
Yizhe Chen Fangyi Zhu Jared Hammill Gloria Holbrook Lei Yang Burgess Freeman Karen L. White David M. Shackleford Kathleen G. O’Loughlin Susan A. Charman Jon C. Mirsalis R. Kiplin Guy |
author_sort |
Yizhe Chen |
title |
Selecting an anti-malarial clinical candidate from two potent dihydroisoquinolones |
title_short |
Selecting an anti-malarial clinical candidate from two potent dihydroisoquinolones |
title_full |
Selecting an anti-malarial clinical candidate from two potent dihydroisoquinolones |
title_fullStr |
Selecting an anti-malarial clinical candidate from two potent dihydroisoquinolones |
title_full_unstemmed |
Selecting an anti-malarial clinical candidate from two potent dihydroisoquinolones |
title_sort |
selecting an anti-malarial clinical candidate from two potent dihydroisoquinolones |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03617-1 https://doaj.org/article/ab8cf99d57bd45dc8262fb7f25bbd884 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03617-1 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-021-03617-1 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/ab8cf99d57bd45dc8262fb7f25bbd884 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03617-1 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766342534853820416 |