Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes – Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors
Studies of emission factors from biomass burning using aircraft data complement the results of lab studies and extend them to conditions of immense hot conflagrations. A new theoretical development of plume theory for multiple tracers is developed after examining aircraft samples. We illustrate and...
Published in: | Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
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Copernicus Publications
2020
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ab662f3832a3473498267c4dfe749449 2023-05-15T15:13:28+02:00 Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes – Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors R. B. Chatfield M. O. Andreae ARCTAS Science Team 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-7069-2020 https://doaj.org/article/ab662f3832a3473498267c4dfe749449 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/13/7069/2020/amt-13-7069-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1867-1381 https://doaj.org/toc/1867-8548 doi:10.5194/amt-13-7069-2020 1867-1381 1867-8548 https://doaj.org/article/ab662f3832a3473498267c4dfe749449 Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol 13, Pp 7069-7096 (2020) Environmental engineering TA170-171 Earthwork. Foundations TA715-787 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-7069-2020 2022-12-31T10:27:57Z Studies of emission factors from biomass burning using aircraft data complement the results of lab studies and extend them to conditions of immense hot conflagrations. A new theoretical development of plume theory for multiple tracers is developed after examining aircraft samples. We illustrate and discuss emissions relationships for 422 individual samples from many forest fire plumes in the Western USA. Samples are from two NASA investigations: ARCTAS (Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites) and SEAC4RS (Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys). This work provides sample-by-sample enhancement ratios (EnRs) for 23 gases and particulate properties. Many EnRs provide candidates for emission ratios (ERs, corresponding to the EnR at the source) when the origin and degree of transformation is understood. From these, emission factors (EFs) can be estimated, provided the fuel dry mass consumed is known or can be estimated using the carbon mass budget approach. This analysis requires understanding the interplay of mixing of the plume with surrounding air. Some initial examples emphasize that measured <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><msub><mi>C</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">tot</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mrow class="chem"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">CO</mi><mn mathvariant="normal">2</mn></msub></mrow><mo>+</mo><mrow class="chem"><mi mathvariant="normal">CO</mi></mrow></mrow></math> <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="81pt" height="13pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="84305589fa4e90cbb65d6f0136852b6c"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="amt-13-7069-2020-ie00001.svg" width="81pt" height="13pt" ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13 12 7069 7096 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental engineering TA170-171 Earthwork. Foundations TA715-787 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental engineering TA170-171 Earthwork. Foundations TA715-787 R. B. Chatfield M. O. Andreae ARCTAS Science Team Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes – Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
topic_facet |
Environmental engineering TA170-171 Earthwork. Foundations TA715-787 |
description |
Studies of emission factors from biomass burning using aircraft data complement the results of lab studies and extend them to conditions of immense hot conflagrations. A new theoretical development of plume theory for multiple tracers is developed after examining aircraft samples. We illustrate and discuss emissions relationships for 422 individual samples from many forest fire plumes in the Western USA. Samples are from two NASA investigations: ARCTAS (Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites) and SEAC4RS (Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys). This work provides sample-by-sample enhancement ratios (EnRs) for 23 gases and particulate properties. Many EnRs provide candidates for emission ratios (ERs, corresponding to the EnR at the source) when the origin and degree of transformation is understood. From these, emission factors (EFs) can be estimated, provided the fuel dry mass consumed is known or can be estimated using the carbon mass budget approach. This analysis requires understanding the interplay of mixing of the plume with surrounding air. Some initial examples emphasize that measured <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><msub><mi>C</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">tot</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mrow class="chem"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">CO</mi><mn mathvariant="normal">2</mn></msub></mrow><mo>+</mo><mrow class="chem"><mi mathvariant="normal">CO</mi></mrow></mrow></math> <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="81pt" height="13pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="84305589fa4e90cbb65d6f0136852b6c"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="amt-13-7069-2020-ie00001.svg" width="81pt" height="13pt" ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
R. B. Chatfield M. O. Andreae ARCTAS Science Team |
author_facet |
R. B. Chatfield M. O. Andreae ARCTAS Science Team |
author_sort |
R. B. Chatfield |
title |
Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes – Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
title_short |
Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes – Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
title_full |
Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes – Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
title_fullStr |
Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes – Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
title_full_unstemmed |
Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes – Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
title_sort |
emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes – part 1: reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-7069-2020 https://doaj.org/article/ab662f3832a3473498267c4dfe749449 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol 13, Pp 7069-7096 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/13/7069/2020/amt-13-7069-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1867-1381 https://doaj.org/toc/1867-8548 doi:10.5194/amt-13-7069-2020 1867-1381 1867-8548 https://doaj.org/article/ab662f3832a3473498267c4dfe749449 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-7069-2020 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
12 |
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7069 |
op_container_end_page |
7096 |
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