Elucidating bacterial adhesion to mucosal surface by an original AFM approach
Abstract Background Fish skin represents an ancient vertebrate mucosal surface, sharing characteristics with other mucosal surfaces including those of the intestine. The skin mucosa is continuously exposed to microbes in the surrounding water and is therefore important in the first line defense agai...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ab400c9ec93d408e952f313091a83b9c 2023-05-15T15:32:48+02:00 Elucidating bacterial adhesion to mucosal surface by an original AFM approach Karen Dunker Sol Gomez de la Torre Canny Catherine Taylor Nordgård Etienne Dague Cécile Formosa-Dague Ingrid Bakke Marit Sletmoen 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02303-1 https://doaj.org/article/ab400c9ec93d408e952f313091a83b9c EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02303-1 https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2180 doi:10.1186/s12866-021-02303-1 1471-2180 https://doaj.org/article/ab400c9ec93d408e952f313091a83b9c BMC Microbiology, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021) AFM Mucin Mucous Glycobiology Glycan bacterial adhesion salmon Microbiology QR1-502 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02303-1 2022-12-31T06:11:56Z Abstract Background Fish skin represents an ancient vertebrate mucosal surface, sharing characteristics with other mucosal surfaces including those of the intestine. The skin mucosa is continuously exposed to microbes in the surrounding water and is therefore important in the first line defense against environmental pathogens by preventing bacteria from accessing the underlying surfaces. Understanding the microbe-host interactions at the fish skin mucosa is highly relevant in order to understand and control infection, commensalism, colonization, persistence, infection, and disease. Here we investigate the interactions between the pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas salmonicida (A. salmonicida) and Yersinia ruckeri (Y. ruckeri), respectively, and the skin mucosal surface of Atlantic salmon fry using AFM force spectroscopy. Results The results obtained revealed that when retracting probes functionalized with bacteria from surfaces coated with immobilized mucins, isolated from salmon mucosal surfaces, rupture events reflecting the disruption of adhesive interactions were observed, with rupture strengths centered around 200 pN. However, when retracting probes functionalized with bacteria from the intact mucosal surface of salmon fish fry no adhesive interactions could be detected. Furthermore, rheological measurements revealed a near fluid-like behavior for the fish fry skin mucus. Taken together, the experimental data indicate that the adhesion between the mucin molecules within the mucous layer may be significantly weaker than the interaction between the bacteria and the mucin molecules. The bacteria, immobilized on the AFM probe, do bind to individual mucins in the mucosal layer, but are released from the near fluid mucus with little resistance upon retraction of the AFM probe, to which they are immobilized. Conclusion The data provided in the current paper reveal that A. salmonicida and Y. ruckeri do bind to the immobilized mucins. However, when retracting the bacteria from intact mucosal surfaces, no adhesive ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles BMC Microbiology 21 1 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
AFM Mucin Mucous Glycobiology Glycan bacterial adhesion salmon Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
AFM Mucin Mucous Glycobiology Glycan bacterial adhesion salmon Microbiology QR1-502 Karen Dunker Sol Gomez de la Torre Canny Catherine Taylor Nordgård Etienne Dague Cécile Formosa-Dague Ingrid Bakke Marit Sletmoen Elucidating bacterial adhesion to mucosal surface by an original AFM approach |
topic_facet |
AFM Mucin Mucous Glycobiology Glycan bacterial adhesion salmon Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Abstract Background Fish skin represents an ancient vertebrate mucosal surface, sharing characteristics with other mucosal surfaces including those of the intestine. The skin mucosa is continuously exposed to microbes in the surrounding water and is therefore important in the first line defense against environmental pathogens by preventing bacteria from accessing the underlying surfaces. Understanding the microbe-host interactions at the fish skin mucosa is highly relevant in order to understand and control infection, commensalism, colonization, persistence, infection, and disease. Here we investigate the interactions between the pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas salmonicida (A. salmonicida) and Yersinia ruckeri (Y. ruckeri), respectively, and the skin mucosal surface of Atlantic salmon fry using AFM force spectroscopy. Results The results obtained revealed that when retracting probes functionalized with bacteria from surfaces coated with immobilized mucins, isolated from salmon mucosal surfaces, rupture events reflecting the disruption of adhesive interactions were observed, with rupture strengths centered around 200 pN. However, when retracting probes functionalized with bacteria from the intact mucosal surface of salmon fish fry no adhesive interactions could be detected. Furthermore, rheological measurements revealed a near fluid-like behavior for the fish fry skin mucus. Taken together, the experimental data indicate that the adhesion between the mucin molecules within the mucous layer may be significantly weaker than the interaction between the bacteria and the mucin molecules. The bacteria, immobilized on the AFM probe, do bind to individual mucins in the mucosal layer, but are released from the near fluid mucus with little resistance upon retraction of the AFM probe, to which they are immobilized. Conclusion The data provided in the current paper reveal that A. salmonicida and Y. ruckeri do bind to the immobilized mucins. However, when retracting the bacteria from intact mucosal surfaces, no adhesive ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Karen Dunker Sol Gomez de la Torre Canny Catherine Taylor Nordgård Etienne Dague Cécile Formosa-Dague Ingrid Bakke Marit Sletmoen |
author_facet |
Karen Dunker Sol Gomez de la Torre Canny Catherine Taylor Nordgård Etienne Dague Cécile Formosa-Dague Ingrid Bakke Marit Sletmoen |
author_sort |
Karen Dunker |
title |
Elucidating bacterial adhesion to mucosal surface by an original AFM approach |
title_short |
Elucidating bacterial adhesion to mucosal surface by an original AFM approach |
title_full |
Elucidating bacterial adhesion to mucosal surface by an original AFM approach |
title_fullStr |
Elucidating bacterial adhesion to mucosal surface by an original AFM approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
Elucidating bacterial adhesion to mucosal surface by an original AFM approach |
title_sort |
elucidating bacterial adhesion to mucosal surface by an original afm approach |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02303-1 https://doaj.org/article/ab400c9ec93d408e952f313091a83b9c |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
BMC Microbiology, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02303-1 https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2180 doi:10.1186/s12866-021-02303-1 1471-2180 https://doaj.org/article/ab400c9ec93d408e952f313091a83b9c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02303-1 |
container_title |
BMC Microbiology |
container_volume |
21 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766363276045713408 |