Image-based modelling of lateral magma flow: the Basement Sill, Antarctica
The McMurdo Dry Valleys magmatic system, Antarctica, provides a world-class example of pervasive lateral magma flow on a continental scale. The lowermost intrusion (Basement Sill) offers detailed sections through the now frozen particle microstructure of a congested magma slurry. We simulated the fl...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:aa6b994bcf3848da8b049017940f2d82 2023-05-15T13:48:04+02:00 Image-based modelling of lateral magma flow: the Basement Sill, Antarctica Nick Petford Seyed Mirhadizadeh 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.161083 https://doaj.org/article/aa6b994bcf3848da8b049017940f2d82 EN eng The Royal Society https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.161083 https://doaj.org/toc/2054-5703 2054-5703 doi:10.1098/rsos.161083 https://doaj.org/article/aa6b994bcf3848da8b049017940f2d82 Royal Society Open Science, Vol 4, Iss 5 (2017) magma antarctica igneous intrusion fluid dynamics rheology Science Q article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.161083 2022-12-31T04:18:23Z The McMurdo Dry Valleys magmatic system, Antarctica, provides a world-class example of pervasive lateral magma flow on a continental scale. The lowermost intrusion (Basement Sill) offers detailed sections through the now frozen particle microstructure of a congested magma slurry. We simulated the flow regime in two and three dimensions using numerical models built on a finite-element mesh derived from field data. The model captures the flow behaviour of the Basement Sill magma over a viscosity range of 1–104 Pa s where the higher end (greater than or equal to 102 Pa s) corresponds to a magmatic slurry with crystal fractions varying between 30 and 70%. A novel feature of the model is the discovery of transient, low viscosity (less than or equal to 50 Pa s) high Reynolds number eddies formed along undulating contacts at the floor and roof of the intrusion. Numerical tracing of particle orbits implies crystals trapped in eddies segregate according to their mass density. Recovered shear strain rates (10−3–10−5 s−1) at viscosities equating to high particle concentrations (around more than 40%) in the Sill interior point to shear-thinning as an explanation for some types of magmatic layering there. Model transport rates for the Sill magmas imply a maximum emplacement time of ca 105 years, consistent with geochemical evidence for long-range lateral flow. It is a theoretically possibility that fast-flowing magma on a continental scale will be susceptible to planetary-scale rotational forces. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica McMurdo Dry Valleys Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles McMurdo Dry Valleys Royal Society Open Science 4 5 161083 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
magma antarctica igneous intrusion fluid dynamics rheology Science Q |
spellingShingle |
magma antarctica igneous intrusion fluid dynamics rheology Science Q Nick Petford Seyed Mirhadizadeh Image-based modelling of lateral magma flow: the Basement Sill, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
magma antarctica igneous intrusion fluid dynamics rheology Science Q |
description |
The McMurdo Dry Valleys magmatic system, Antarctica, provides a world-class example of pervasive lateral magma flow on a continental scale. The lowermost intrusion (Basement Sill) offers detailed sections through the now frozen particle microstructure of a congested magma slurry. We simulated the flow regime in two and three dimensions using numerical models built on a finite-element mesh derived from field data. The model captures the flow behaviour of the Basement Sill magma over a viscosity range of 1–104 Pa s where the higher end (greater than or equal to 102 Pa s) corresponds to a magmatic slurry with crystal fractions varying between 30 and 70%. A novel feature of the model is the discovery of transient, low viscosity (less than or equal to 50 Pa s) high Reynolds number eddies formed along undulating contacts at the floor and roof of the intrusion. Numerical tracing of particle orbits implies crystals trapped in eddies segregate according to their mass density. Recovered shear strain rates (10−3–10−5 s−1) at viscosities equating to high particle concentrations (around more than 40%) in the Sill interior point to shear-thinning as an explanation for some types of magmatic layering there. Model transport rates for the Sill magmas imply a maximum emplacement time of ca 105 years, consistent with geochemical evidence for long-range lateral flow. It is a theoretically possibility that fast-flowing magma on a continental scale will be susceptible to planetary-scale rotational forces. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nick Petford Seyed Mirhadizadeh |
author_facet |
Nick Petford Seyed Mirhadizadeh |
author_sort |
Nick Petford |
title |
Image-based modelling of lateral magma flow: the Basement Sill, Antarctica |
title_short |
Image-based modelling of lateral magma flow: the Basement Sill, Antarctica |
title_full |
Image-based modelling of lateral magma flow: the Basement Sill, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Image-based modelling of lateral magma flow: the Basement Sill, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Image-based modelling of lateral magma flow: the Basement Sill, Antarctica |
title_sort |
image-based modelling of lateral magma flow: the basement sill, antarctica |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.161083 https://doaj.org/article/aa6b994bcf3848da8b049017940f2d82 |
geographic |
McMurdo Dry Valleys |
geographic_facet |
McMurdo Dry Valleys |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica McMurdo Dry Valleys |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica McMurdo Dry Valleys |
op_source |
Royal Society Open Science, Vol 4, Iss 5 (2017) |
op_relation |
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.161083 https://doaj.org/toc/2054-5703 2054-5703 doi:10.1098/rsos.161083 https://doaj.org/article/aa6b994bcf3848da8b049017940f2d82 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.161083 |
container_title |
Royal Society Open Science |
container_volume |
4 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
161083 |
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1766248559483551744 |